unit4上课用知识点.ppt

词形变化 1. employ v.雇佣,使用 n.雇佣 雇佣者 受雇者 失业 n. 失业的 2. approve v.赞成,批准 n 赞成,批准 不赞成，反对 3. profession n.职业,专业 adj.专业的 4. guilt n.犯罪 adj. 犯罪的,内疚的 5. concentrate v.集中注意力 n.专注,专心,employment,employer,employee,unemployment,unemployed,approval,professional,guilty,concentration,disapprove /disapproval,【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1)This book demanded all your _. (concentrate) 2)My parents didnt _ of my leaving school this year and I had to accept their _. (approve) 3)We need enough _ engineers to undertake the job. (profession) 4)His _ was proved beyond all doubt by the prosecution and he felt _ about not telling the truth to the judge. (guilt) 5)The factories that _thousands of workers criticized the method _by the countrys government. (employ ),concentration,approve,approval,professional,guilt,guilty,employ,employed,II 词语辨析 1. occupation/profession/job/work 【解释】 job 可数名词,可指独立的一份工作或职位 work 不可数名词,泛指一切工作 profession 常指需要专门技能，尤指需要较高教育水平的行业,职业. occupation 较为正式,常用于所填的表格上 【练习】1) Please state your name, age and _ below before you go to work. 2）I have a few _ to do in the house this morning. 3) Typing by using the computer all day is hard _. 4) Professor Zhang is the very top of medical _.,occupation,jobs,work,profession,n. 工作,职业,2. acquire /obtain/get/gain 【解释】obtain 包含着“努力”、“希望”或“决意”去获得某物的意思。通过努力工作而得到所需东西 get 是最普遍、使用范围最广的词以某种方式手段获得某物 acquire 经过努力的过程逐渐获得 gain 有obtain的含义，但更强调目的物需要努力奋斗才能得到，而且这种东西具有价值，特别是物质价值。 【练习】1) We must work hard to _a good knowledge of English. 2) I _ a letter from my parents yesterday. 3) I hope that you will_ greater success soon. 4) He _ experience through practice.,acquire,got,gain,obtained,v. 获得,3. v.控诉,起诉 accuse / charge 【解释】accuse 常用于 accuse sb. of sth charge 常用 于 charge sb. with sth 【练习】选择accuse或charge并用其适当的形式填空 They _ him of taking bribes（贿赂）. The police _ him with car theft. 【拓展】 the accused 被告 Her accusing eyes were fixed on him. 她用责备的眼光盯着他。,accused,charged,4. process / progress/ procedure 【解释】process CU 进程，过程，程序 progress U 前进, 进步, 发展 procedure CU 程序, 手续 ，步骤 【练习】选择process/progress/或procedure并用其适当的形式填空 1) Reforming the education system will be a difficult _. 2) The disease makes rapid _ 3) Sometimes we need to break the normal_.,process,progress,procedure,5. accurate /correct /exact/ right 【练习】选择accurate /correct/exact或right并用其适当的形式填空 1) She gave an _ account of the accident. 2) He gave _ answers to the questions. 3) His answer is quite _. 4) He is the _ man for the job.,accurate /exact,correct,exact,right,【解释】 accurate 表示“准确的”,精确的”, correct and true in every detail 指“通过努力, 使事情达到正确或精确 correct 为一般用语, 指“正确的” exact 表示“确切的”,“精确无误的”,指“与事实完全相符” right 最合适的; (就情况等而言)最好的, 可取的;或表示与事实，常理或真实情况相一致的，相当于correct / exact,to be exact :确切地说,8.assist vt.vi帮助；援助订参与，出席 assist sb in/with sth assist sbin doing sth assist sbto do sth assist with 1)I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity 有机会我愿随时帮你。 2)Im afraid I cant assist you，you have to go and see the manager 我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。 3)The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free 有空时校长帮忙做了很多事。 4)You will be required to assist MrsSmith in preparing a report 你将要帮助史密斯夫人准备一份报告。,辅助(某人)某事 辅助(某人)做某事 辅助(某人)做某事 帮助(照料，做)；在上给予帮助,练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。 1)The young nurse was very nervous when she _ in her first operation 2)A team of nurses _ the doctor _ performing me operation 3)She employed a woman to _ her _ the housework 4)Good glasses will _ you _ read,was assisting,assisted,in,assist,with,assist,to,IV 重点词汇 1. concentrate vt. 集中；聚集 1）Authority was concentrated in the president. 政权集于总统一身 2）We concentrated on the task before us. 我们专注于眼前的任务 重要用法 concentration n. 集中， 专心 with deep concentration专心 concentrate ones attention on /upon 把注意力集中在 1)如果你全神贯注，就能解决这个问题。 Youll solve the problem if you concentrate upon it. 2) 面对巨大的灾难，整个社会致力于解救废墟中的人们。 Facing the great disaster, the whole society concentrated its attention on rescuing the people in ruin.,2. course n. 过程；进程；课程；一道菜 典例 a course of medical treatments 医学治疗的一个疗程 a short -term course a dinner of five courses in the course of : 练习 汉译英 -在上课期间必须关闭手机吗？ -当然。 shall we shut the mobile phone in the course of lecture? - of course.,短期班,有五菜的正餐,during 在期间,2. trade 1) vi. 交易, 买卖, 经商, 对换, 购物 vt. 用.进行交换 2) n. 行业；贸易；商业 1) He is engaged in trade. 他经商。 2)This is the trick of the trade. 这是经商的诀窍。 3) England trades with nearly all the countries in the world. 英国几乎与世界上所有的国家进行贸易往来。 重要用法 trade in trade sth. for sth. trade sth. with sb. 1）如果你不喜欢你的书, 我和你对换。 If you dont like your book, Ill trade with you. 2）你愿意将这本杂志换你的袜子吗？ Would you like to trade the magazine for your socks?,做.生意, 经营,以.换取.;,同某人交换某物,3. defend vt. 防护,护卫; 以行动, 语言或文字替.辩护或答辩 典例 保卫祖国 被告有一律师为他辩护。 The accused man had a lawyer to defend him. 重要用法 defend against defend from 练习 汉译英 1) 警察的职责是保护民众不受伤害。 Its policemens duty to defend their people from harm. 2) 他试图通过描述事实来保护他的声誉。 He tried to defend his reputation by describing the truth.,保卫; 抵抗,保护, 保卫(使不受伤害),defend the motherland,4. senior adj. 年长的；高年级的；高级的 n. 年长者，长辈 senior staff a senior officer 高中 高年级学生 she has a good relationship with her senior. 重点用法 be senior to 练习 汉译英 1) 我比你大两岁. I am two years senior to you. 2) 她最终选择嫁给了大她十岁的绅士。 She finally chose to marry a gentleman ten years senior to her.,高级职员,高级军官,a senior high school,senior students,比年长,5. approve vi. 赞成，同意； vt. 批准，通过（计划，提案，要求等） 1) Her father will never approve of her marriage to you. 他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。 2) Congress approved the budget. 国会批准了国家预算。 练习 汉译英 1) 她不同意我今年离校。 He doesnt approve of my leaving school this year? 2)开始他不赞成这个决定,后来被说服了 。 At first he didnt approve of the decision, but soon he was persuaded.,6. polish vt. 擦亮；磨光；润色 典例 1) Silver polishes easily with this special cloth. 用这块特殊的布能很容易把银擦亮。 2) When handed in, the article needs polishing. 文章交上去前得进行修改。 练习 汉译英 1) 你可以通过练习提高钢琴演奏技。 You can polish your piano technique by practicing. 2) 这首歌在出版前经过了一次又一次的修改。 The song was polished up again and again before being published,7. employ vt. 雇用, 用, 使用 1) He is employed in an international company. 他在一家跨国公司任职。 2) She is good at employing her time. 她善于利用时间。 重点用法 失业 in the employ of sb. = in sb.s employ,out of employ / job / unemployed (adj.),受.雇用,employed by sb./ worked for sb.,be employed in doing sth.,1）多次面试后，这名毕业生终于被一家国企录用了。 After several interviews, the graduate managed to be employed in / to be in the employ of a state enterprise. 2）从那时起他就花大量时间和精力在这项业余爱好上。 Since then he employs much time and energy to the hobby.,8. intention n. 意图, 目的 1) The leader has no intention of cooperating with such a small company. 2) If Ive hurt your feeling, it was quite without intention. 重点用法 by intention 无意中, 不是故意地 无意做. 练习 汉译英 1) 你这么做的目的是干什么？ Whats your intention by doing this? 2) 他总是故意和他妈妈找茬。 He always argues with his mother by intention.,领导无意与小公司合作。,如果我伤了你的感情那完全是无意的。,故意,without intention,: by chance /accident,: on purpose / by design,have no intention of doing .,V 重点词组 1. on ones own 独自；独立 解释 on ones own 意为“独自”的. 同by oneself; of ones own 自己的 典例 1) She got the job on her own. 她靠自己获得了这份工作。 2) Anyone who can solve the computer problem on his own will be admitted to our working group. 任何能独立解决这个电脑问题的人可以被录取到我们这个工作组。 练习 汉译英 1）你能独立完成吗？ 2）他挺有主见的。 3）他有个大农场。,Can you finish on your own?,He has a mind of his own.,He owns a big farm.,2. have a good “nose” for sth. 探查发现某事物的能力 1) Experienced teachers often have sharp noses for students problem. 有经验的老师通常对学生问题很敏感。 2) As a reporter, Jane has a nose for a story. 作为记者，简善于发现题材。 短语归纳 对有鉴赏能力 have a good ear for 有方面的天赋 1) 通过角逐，团长能够挑选到有音乐天分的歌手。 Through the competition, the leader of the group can pick out some singers having a gift for music. 2) 多年的训练，女孩能够欣赏不同种类的音乐。 Being trained for many years, the girl has a good ear for different kinds of music.,have a gift for,have an eye for,对会欣赏,3. be supposed to 应当；认为必须 典例 1) You are supposed to come here early. 你应该早点过来的。 2) He was supposed to have passed the driving license but failed. 他本该通过驾照考试的，但失败了。 练习 汉译英 1) 她很优秀，理所应当获得这个奖。 She is excellent enough and supposed to win the medal for sure. 2)年轻人应当承担起照料长辈的责任。 Young people are supposed to take the responsibility of looking after their senior.,4. look forward to 盼望 典例 1）Many senior students are looking forward to graduation due to the heavy burden. 由于不堪重负许多高中生期待着毕业. 2）The daughter is looking forward to seeing her parents after many years departure. 分开多年后，女儿渴望见到她的父母亲。 练习 汉译英 1) 大部分台湾人民渴望看到直航的实现。 Most people in Taiwan are looking forward to seeing the direct flight from mainland to Taiwan. 2) 司机的粗心导致事故的发生。 The drivers carelessness led to the traffic accident.,短语归纳含介词to的短语 坚持 导致, 通向 参观 宣判某人 谈到, 涉及 see to be up to 致力于 开始 /着手 增加,stick to,lead to,pay a visit to,sentence sb. to,come to / refer to,处理，负责,总计,devoteto,get down to / settle down to,add to,add up to,5. be / feel guilty of 有罪; 因负疚 1) The naughty boy felt guilty of what he had done to the teacher. 那调皮的男孩为他对老师所做的事情而感到内疚。 2) The child felt guilty of telling a lie and said “sorry” to his mother. 那小孩因为撒谎而内疚，并向他母亲表示歉意。 短语归纳 同情 练习 汉译英 1)那位总统因为他发起的战争而感到内疚并决定引咎辞职。 The president was guilty of the war launched by himself and decided to resign. 2) 有些人会同情穷苦人民并乐意帮助他们。 Some people feel sorry for the poor and are willing to help them.,feel sorry for,6. so as to 以致;为了 典例 1) The journalist raised his hand so as to earn a chance to ask the question to the spokesperson.那名记者举手想获得向新闻发言人提问的机会。 2) The mother covered the baby so as to protect him from being hurt.母亲护着婴儿为了保护他免受伤害。 短语归纳 如此以致于 为了 练习 汉译英 1)他关掉灯想快些睡着. He turned off the light so as to fall asleep quickly. 2) 那个乘客生气地离开了,以致于落下了雨伞。 The passenger left so angrily as to forget his umbrella.,so that / soas to,in order to /so as to,VI. 重点句子 1. Not only am I interested in photograph, but I took a course at university, so its actually of special interest to me. 我不仅仅只是对摄影感兴趣,在大学里我还专修过摄影呢,所以对此我真是特别感兴趣. 解释 not onlybut also .不但而且, 当否定的短语not only放在句首,句子用倒装. 典例 1）By reciting many articles, we can not only improve our writing skill but also train our memory. 通过背诵一些文章,我们不仅能够提高写作能力,还可以训练我们的记忆. 2）Not only does she do well in her job, but she is always ready to help others. 她不仅工作出色,还乐于助人.,练习 汉译英 1）根据最新调查,高声歌唱不仅是释放压力的一种有效方法，同时对健康有益。 According to the latest survey, not only is singing loudly a helpful way to release your stress, but also do good to your health. 2）网上购物不仅能节约你的时间，还可以给你带来很多乐趣。 Not only can shopping on the Internet save your time, but also bring you great fun.,二、课文要点 1课文词汇等填空 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法： Zhou Yang s first assignment was at the office of China Daily. At the first time Hu Xin, his new boss, sent him with an _(有经验的) reporter and a _（摄影师）to cover the story. Before going out to work, he told him to be _(好奇的) and must have a “nose” for the story and listen to the speakers _ (careful) in order to grasp the _(详细的) facts. He also advised him _ (prepare) the next questions _(depend) on what the person says , use a small recorder to get all the facts straight, if _ (permit) by the _ _ (interview), and finally judge whether the interviewed person is lying or _ .,experienced,photographer,curious,carefully,detailed,to prepare,depending,permitted,interviewee,not,2 .课文大意概括 阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。 这篇短文是关于周杨在一家报纸办公室做的第一份工，他的新老板告诉周杨在外出采访时哪些事该做，哪些事不该做。 This passa