初一英语名词相关知识.ppt

Topic名词及相关知识,名词的复数形式及量词表达,写出下列名词的复数形式 car city monkey zoo potato,leaf child foot Chinese bus,cars,cities,monkeys,zoos,potatoes,leaves,children,feet,Chinese,buses,写出plural 形式 1，给C组学生得分机会。2，导入复数形式复习 3, 这块知识掌握基本问题不大，迅速通过；学困组通过额外作业单独辅导+上课带一下,构成方法及规则,一般情况下加-S，如：,map-maps girl-girls pen-pens bag-bags car-cars,以s, x, sh, ch等结尾加-es，如：,bus-buses box-boxes watch-watches brush-brushes,以辅音字母加y结尾,去y变i加es，如：,factory-factories candy-candies city-cities family-families,以f或fe结尾，一般先将f或fe变为v,再加es, 如：,knife-knives life-lives wife-wives,以o结尾，一般来说末尾是“元音字母+o” 的词加-s如：radio-radios zoo-zoos;末尾是“辅音字母+o”的词，变复数加-es, 如：tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes, potato-potatoes,例外: piano和photo，直接加s,不规则变化：,child-children woman-women man-men foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse(鼠标)-mouses mouse(老鼠)-mice,集合名词people，police等词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式（are）; Chinese, Japanese，sheep等词是单复同形。,注意：maths，politics，physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾，仍为不可数名词。还有the United States(美国），the United Nations（联合国）等应视为单数。,数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路，two-hundred trees 两百棵树。,There are two _ (knife) and four _ (box) on the table. How many family _ (photo) do you have at home? What are your parents _ （job）? Some people _(like) to stay at home. There are many _ (mouse) in his house! He needs a cat! Maths _ (be) my favourite subject.,一、写出下列名词的复数形式 car city monkey zoo potato,leaf child foot Chinese bus,课堂练习1,可数名词与不可数名词,不可数名词没有复数形式。如：some meat , some bread , 不可说 some meats , some breads ；,不可数名词不能用定冠词 a , an 及数词修饰，但可用 some , any , much （许多），a lot of （许多），a little（一点）等直接修饰。如：我们不可以说a tea , two milk , 但可以说 some tea , much meat,一个 a 或 an 每一个 every 一些（后接可数或不可数名词） some 一些（一般用在否定或疑问句中） any 许多（后接可数名词） many 许多（后接不可数名词） much 许多（后接可数或不可数名词） a lot of = lots of,那么怎么来形容不可数名词的“量”呢？不可数名词前通常用量词来表示具体的数。如：a glass of water , two cups of tea , five pieces of bread 。需要注意的是：类似短语中的介词 of 不能省去，当数词大于“一”时，量词需要用复数形式。,不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： These is some water in the bottle . 瓶里有些水。 Is there any rice in the bag ? 袋子里有米吗？,若不可数名词前有复数数量词修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。例： There are three bottles of orange on the table . 桌上有三瓶桔汁。 试比较：There is some orange on the table.,How much,How many,有些名词即可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但意思却大不相同。如：glass 作可数名词，意思是“玻璃杯”，作为不可数名词，意思是“玻璃”；room 作可数名词，意思是“房间”，作不可数名词，意思是“空间”。,注：How much 还有询问“多少钱”的意思,How much/ How many how much常用来询问某一商品的价格，常见句式 How much is / are? How much is the skirt? 这条裙子多少钱？ How much are the bananas? 这些香蕉多少钱？ how much后加不可数名词，表示数量，意为“多少“，how many后加可数名词的复数形式。 How much meat do you want? 你要多少肉呀？ How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少人？,辨析：,How much are the _ ? A. bread B. meats. C. potatos D. tomatoes There are _ and _ on the table. A. two boxes cake; four bottle of oranges B. two boxes cake; four bottle of orange C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange D. two box of cakes; four bottles of oranges,课堂练习2,名词所有格用法,表示“的”通常是在名词的后面加-s，如：Childrens day，fathers shoes；但以-s结尾的名词因为已经有s了，只需加 就OK了。 workers rivers,特殊！Boss-bosss,如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，.则表示“分别有”。.如：Johns and Marys rooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；两个名词并列，只有一个s，则表示“共有“。如：John and Marys room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）。,还有些无生命名词的所属要用介词of来帮助一下，如：a map of China，the end of this term,Meimeis handwriting（字） is better than any other _ in his class. A. student B. students C. students D. students I found my black cat in_ room. Jim and Mike B. Jim and Mikes C. Jims and Mikes D. Jims and Mike There are some new books in the school libr