通过砂铸，压铸和离心铸造技术对Al C355.0的力学表征和显微组织分析【中文2762字】
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通过砂铸，压铸和离心铸造技术对Al C355.0的力学表征和显微组织分析【中文2762字】,通过,压铸,以及,离心,铸造,锻造,技术,对于,al,c355,力学,表征,显微,组织,分析,中文
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【中文2762字】AMMMT2016通过砂铸，压铸和离心铸造技术对ALC3550的力学表征和显微组织分析SANTOSHMV，SURESHKR，KIRANAITHALS印度卡纳塔克邦班加罗尔NMIT机械工程系摘要在这项研究中，研究了铝合金C3550的力学性能用于砂铸，压铸和离心铸造技术。采用PC2000软件进行拉伸试验等力学性能测试，并进行布氏硬度试验。观察到压铸与砂和离心铸件相比具有良好的拉伸和硬度性能。使用具有CLEMAX图像分析仪的NIKONMICROSCOPELV150进行微结构分析。从观察压铸件的硅分布均匀。使用滑动磨损试验研究的合金的磨损行为。在所有铸件中发现了良好的磨损比磨损率，但在20N负荷下的压铸中观察到了最好的磨损率。关键词压铸砂模铸造离心铸造机械和滑动磨损性能。1简介铝质轻，强度高，是汽车和航空航天工业中的重要金属。一般纯铝不符合行业标准，因此，它们与硅，铜，镁等许多金属合金化，以提高铝的强度等性能，其中ALSICUMG合金系统就是其中之一。ALSICUMG系由于具有优异的铸造性和机械性能，是工业中使用最多的合金族。应用从航空航天到汽车到家庭工业。所以这个合金系在其中一个合金C3550是非常重要的。主要的合金成分是硅和铜，硅含量的增加会增加合金的硬度系统和增加铜强度（产量和最终）增加110,13。随着载荷和滑动距离的增加，体积损失增加，但滑动距离的摩擦系数不变，而摩擦系数随着滑动距离的增加而减小11,12。在本文中，试图比较一般在重力铸造，砂铸等行业中使用的不同铸造技术的机械特性。另外，由于在汽车工业中摩擦磨损起着重要作用，滑动磨损行为也被分析。2材料表1中示出了铝合金C3550的化学成分。铝的特性如表2所示。铝具有FCC晶体结构，晶格参数A0405NM，原子半径R0143NM。铝C3550是一种亚共晶合金，因为WT。的硅小于12。表1C3550合金的化学组成，WT。元素WT。铜132镁034硅505铁015锰001倪002锌001铅001锡001锑001其他（合计）005铝9305表2铝的性质属性值密度267克/CC3熔点557613弹性模量724GPA泊松比0333方法31铸造技术合金的制造是在三种铸造技术中进行的，即重力铸造，砂铸和离心铸造。在石墨坩埚中将合金熔化至800。对于重力铸造，使用直径12MM高度为25MM的模具。在直径12MM，高度15MM的砂型铸造模具中浇注熔融金属，得到铸件。在离心铸造中，获得外径60MM和高度120MM的圆柱体。32微观结构研究通过使用220,400,600和1000级纸对表面进行蚀刻，并用KELLERS溶液（即50H2O中的05HF）进一步抛光来制备用于显微结构研究的表面。使用具有CLEMEX图像分析仪的NIKONMICROSCOPELV150观察。33拉伸测试使用的张力计由直流伺服电机运行，并配有PC2000软件。根据ASTME8标准，从所获得的铸件拉伸样品进行加工。尺寸为直径625MM，标距25MM，总长50MM。34耐磨测试根据ASTMG99标准加工磨损试样。干滑动磨损试验在室温下进行不同的负荷条件。直径为10毫米，长度为30毫米。表面用600等级的纸进行蚀刻以符合调查中使用的销盘装置的标准。35硬度测试使用负荷250KGF，压痕球直径10MM的布氏硬度设备进行硬度测试30秒。在行进显微镜和BHN测量的表面上进行压痕，通过测量的压痕计算。4结果和讨论41微观结构评估411铸造在压铸中，硅颗粒在主相中均匀分布并且发现AL基体。图1显示了所获得的铸态的未蚀刻表面。由于冷却速度较快且均匀，所以枝晶尺寸和枝晶臂间距较小，如图2所示。图1100X时压铸件的未腐蚀表面图2在100X下压铸的KELLER蚀刻表面。412砂模铸造图3显示了砂铸技术的未蚀刻表面。从图4的观察，黑点是铸造过程中存在的孔隙和杂质。从图。从图4可以看出，树枝状和树枝状间距很小。无花果的调查。图4时发现AL基体的固溶体和SI的金属间二次相。对于CU浓度的变化，观察到SI相为大片状，针状和纤维状析出物。由于存在硅针，所以会出现切口，从而降低机械性能。图3砂型铸件在100X时的未腐蚀表面。图4在100X的沙子铸件的KELLERS蚀刻表面。413离心铸造图中显示了离心铸造的孔隙率。5硅在主相中分布不均匀。与AL基体一起在第二相中形成大量的。由于存在硅针，所以会出现切口，从而降低CUAL2机械性能。图6中的黑点显示散落的镁。图5100X离心铸造的未腐蚀表面。图6在100X离心铸造的KELLER刻蚀表面。42硬度测试图7硬度测试通过测量在表面上制造的压痕直径来计算BHN。平均采取了三个缩进，并显示图。图7离心铸造具有高的硬度，因为与43节所示的具有良好延展性的硬度最低的压铸相比，发现它具有延性43拉伸测试图8显示了制造的铸件强度的变化。最好的强度是在重力铸造中获得，在离心铸造中最差。硅的均匀分布和较少的杂质和良好的铸造工艺增加了强度，而孔隙度，离心铸造中存在的气孔强度最低。另一方面，在砂型铸造多孔性方面，铸造工艺不良，硅针的存在会造成缺口效应，强度适中。试样的伸长率如图2所示。9压铸工程极限强度比离心铸造好57，砂铸件47。图8拉伸测试图9样品的伸长率44磨损测试无论在砂和离心铸造中的负载如何，具体的磨损率保持恒定。滑动距离为2500M，滑动速度为763RPM，10MIN，轨道直径为100MM，磨损试验正常载荷为10N，20N，30N。图10显示了铝C3550的比磨损率。从图10可以看出，具体的磨损率随着载荷的增加而降低。图10比磨损率5结论从对铸造技术的调查得出如下结论显微组织的评估表明，在铸造过程中，细小的共晶硅分散在枝晶间区域，合金元素在铝固溶体中细化析出。在砂和离心铸造方法中发现了分散在树突间区域的针。压铸件的最低硬度为74HB，砂型铸件的最低硬度为53HB。离心铸造69HB具有良好的硬度。工程应力为212MPA时，使用压铸法得到的ALC3550的强度最好。与砂和离心铸造相比，铸造比具有良好的比磨损率。具体磨损率随着负载的增加而减小。总的来说，最好的铸造方法是压铸，具有良好的强度和耐磨性。即使在大批量生产的较长时间内用于制造模具的初始成本高，压铸也是有利的。6致谢我们感谢印度班加罗尔NITTEMEENAKSHI技术研究所的负责人和管理人员HCNAGARAJ博士在研究所的激励和提供研究设施。参考文献1ZREN，M（2005）。铜和硅含量对ALCUSIMG合金力学性能的影响，169,292298。HTTP/DOIORG/101016/JJMATPROTEC2005030092LABISZ，K，KRUPISKI，M，DOBRZASKI，LA。（2009）。ALSICU合金的相形态和分布，37（2），309316。3ELMADAGLI，M，PERRY，T，ALPAS，AT。（2007）。ALSI合金组织与耐磨性关系的参数研究，262,7992。HTTP/DOIORG/101016/JWEAR2006030434DWIVEDI，SP。，SHARMA，S，MISHRA，RK。（2014）。先进材料A356铝合金和应用审查，4（2），8186。5FCZERWINSKI，SKSHAHA，WKASPRZAK，JFRIEDMAN和DL陈（2016）。过渡金属ZR，V和TI改性的ALSICUMG铸造合金的时效特性，012031HTTP/DOIORG/101088/1757899X/117/1/0120316KASPRZAK，W，CZERWINSKI，F，NIEWCZAS，M，CHEN，DL。（2015）。航空航天应用的AL和MG铸造合金的硬度保持和相变相关，24（3月），13651378。HTTP/DOIORG/101007/S11665015139267WIERZBISKA，M，SIENIAWSKI，J（2006）。共晶硅晶体的形态对ALSI5CU1合金力学性能和解理断裂韧性的影响，14（1），3136。8GMRWKANOWOTNIK，JSIENIAWSKI（2011）。C3550铸造铝合金的组织与力学性能。9RMOLINA，PAMALBERTO，MROSSO。用于高温应用的铝合金的机械表征。第1部分ALSICU合金。10LADOBRZASKI，RMANIARA，MKRUPISKI，JH索科洛夫斯基（2007年）。ACALSI9CUX合金的组织与力学性能。11ALIREZAHEKMATARDAKAN，XIXUNLIU，FRANKAJERSCH，XGRANTCHEN（2010）。MG含量可变的过共晶ALSICUMG铸造合金的磨损行为。12BALASUBRAMANYAHS，JSHARANABASAVRAJA，SSRINIVAS，RAVIKUMAR。V（2014）。铸态和热处理的复合铝基复合材料的磨损率行为。13GMRWKANOWOTNIK（2008）。金属间化合物对ALSI1MGMN合金断裂机制的影响，30（1），3542。AVAILABLEONLINEATWWWSCIENCEDIRECTCOMSCIENCEDIRECTMATERIALSTODAYPROCEEDINGS420171098710993WWWMATERIALSTODAYCOM/PROCEEDINGSAMMMT2016MECHANICALCHARACTERIZATIONANDMICROSTRUCTUREANALYSISOFALC3550BYSANDCASTING,DIECASTINGANDCENTRIFUGALCASTINGTECHNIQUESSANTOSHMV,SURESHKR,KIRANAITHALSDEPARTMENTOFMECHANICALENGINEERING,NMITBANGALORE,KARNATAKA,INDIAABSTRACTAMMMT2016KEYWORDSDIECASTINGSANDCASTINGCENTRIFUGALCASTINGMECHANICALANDSLIDINGWEARPROPERTIES1INTRODUCTIONALUMINUMISLIGHTANDPOSSESSESHIGHSTRENGTHITISANIMPORTANTMETALINAUTOMOTIVEANDAEROSPACEINDUSTRIESGENERALLYPUREALUMINUMDOESNOTFITTHESTANDARDSOFTHEINDUSTRIES,THEREFORE,THEYAREALLOYEDWITHSILICON,COPPER,MAGNESIUMANDMANYOTHERMETALSTOINCREASESTRENGTHANDOTHERPROPERTIESONTHEALUMINUMAMONGTHEMALSICUMGALLOYSYSTEMISONETHEMALSICUMGSYSTEMISTHEMOSTUSEDALLOYGROUPINTHEINDUSTRIESBECAUSEOFEXCELLENTCASTABILITYANDMECHANICALPROPERTIESTHEAPPLICATIONSAREFROMAEROSPACETOAUTOMOBILETOHOUSEHOLDINDUSTRIESTHEREFORETHISALLOYSYSTEMISVERYIMPORTANTAMONGTHEMC3550INONETHEALLOYTHEMAINALLOYINGINGREDIENTARESILICONANDCOPPER,THEINCREASEINSILICONCONTENTWILLINCREASETHEHARDNESSOFTHEALLOYINTHISSTUDY,MECHANICALPROPERTIESOFALUMINIUMALLOYC3550WASINVESTIGATEDFORSANDCASTING,DIECASTINGANDCENTRIFUGALCASTINGTECHNIQUEMECHANICALPROPERTIESLIKETENSILETESTWASPERFORMEDU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