人教版2006年广东地区高中英语必修(3)名词性从句课件ppt

名词性从句,罗远芬2006.3.16,定义:,在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。,作用:,在复合句中作宾语、表语、主语和同位语。,因此，名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。,一、宾语从句,1.作动词的宾语,1)引导词that 可省略,I hear (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.,2)由what, whether (if) 引导,I want to know what he has told you. I wonder whether you can change this note for me.,3)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句,She told me that she would accept my invitation.,2.作介词的宾语,Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.,3. It作为形式宾语,He has made it clear that he will not give in. See to it that children dont catch cold.,4.否定的转移,主句的谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等, 其后的宾语从句若含有否定词not, 一般要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定.,I dont think this dress fits you well.,5. that不能省略的情况,1)and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and后,Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.,2)that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.,3)that从句位于句首时,That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.,4)主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语时,We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary.,6.宾语从句的时态,1)主句用过去时,从句用一般过去时(如从句表示客观真理,可用现在时),Did you see that the boys were playing football on the playground at that time? Yesterday Tom said that the earth goes round the sun.,2)主句为现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态,I think that the Greens have left for Hawaii. I want to know if/whether he will go surfing this afternoon.,3)动词suggest(建议), insist(坚持,主张), prefer(宁愿), request(要求), require(要求,命令), demand(要求), order(命令), command(命令), advise(建议)等词后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气, 其构成是“should+动词原形”，其中should可省略,It was suggested that more teachers should be sent there to help them. Tom insisted that his leadership be recognized by all the boys.,7.宾语从句的引导词,1)连词: that, if, whether,2)连接代词: who, whose, what, which,3)连接副词: when, where, how, why,作业:用whose, whom, what, how, that填空.,1.I think _ he will be all right in a few days. 2.Do you know _ they are waiting for? 3. He asked _ dictionary it was. 4. Please pay attention to _ the teacher said. 5. Can you tell me _ I can get to the railway station?,二、表语从句,表语从句放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”,1、由that引导，that不作成分，只起连接作用。,The fact is that we have lost the game. The trouble is that I have lost his address.,2、由whether引导表示不确定，由because引导表示原因。,The point is whether we should lend him the money. It is because I have ever heard of the story.,3. what, which, who, whom, whose等连接代词及when, where, how, why等连接副词既引导句子又充当一定的句子成分.,The problem is who we can get to replace her. The question is how he did it. That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.,4. as if常与look, seem, sound等连系动词连用.,She looks as if she would cry.,5.在一些表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。,My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.,经典试题,1.We cannot figure out_ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3.Parents are taught to understand_important education is to their childrens future. A. that B. how C. such D. so 4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how,C,A,B,B,5.I think Father would like to know_ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 6.The road is covered with snow. I cant understand_ they insist on going by motorbike. A.why B.whether C.when D.how 7.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 8.People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see_ he will do. A. how B. that C. when D. what,C,A,A,D,9.-I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that 10.Perseverance is a kind of quality-and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 11.I really dont know _ I had this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why,C,A,A,12.Never take _for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks _he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C. as if D. whether 14.These wild flowers are so special I would do_ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 15.The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter. A. whom B. which C. that D. what,B,C,A,D,三、主语从句,主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。,1.it作形式主语的四个主要句型,1)It + be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.) + that从句,Its a pity that we cant go . Its no surprise that our team should have won the game.,2)It +be +形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+ that从句,It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is probable that he told her everything.,3)It + be+ 过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc .)+ that从句,It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.,4) It +不及物动词(seem, happen等) +that从句,It seemed that Alice is not coming to the party at all. It happened that I was out that day.,2.主语从句的主谓一致,主语从句多表示单一概念,因此主句谓语动词多用单数.what 引导的从句根据表达的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数.,When and where well go isnt decided. What we need are books/ is water.,3.What与that的用法区别,what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语,而that则不作句子成分.,What you said yesterday is right. That she is still alive is good news.,4.Whether和if的用法区别,通常,引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句用whether不用if,It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. The problem is whether she will have enough time.,经典试题,1.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 2.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to. A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 3._ made the school proud was_ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key university. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That.; because,B,B,B,4.It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. how D. what 5._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what 6.-What do you think of China? -_ different life is today from_ it used to be. A. How,what B.What, what C.How, that D.What, that 7._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 8._ I was free that evening. A. It happened to B. It happened that C. That happened D. It was happened that,D,A,A,C,B,9.It was true _ Alice did surprise her mother. A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that 10.Its not yet clear _ of those will be chosen to do the job. A.that B.whom C.which D.whose 11._ in the newspaper that the Japanese minister will arrive next Monday. A.It says B.It is said C.It has said D.He is said 12._ we have seen is quite different from _ we have heard. A.That, that B.What, that C.That, what D.What, what 13._ I have will be yours sooner or later. A.No matter what B.No matter whatever C.WhateverD.That 14._ was a well-known fact. A. That their team was weak B. That their team being weak. C. Their team was weak D. If their team was weak,C,C,B,D,C,A,作业:用主语从句 完成句子.,1._(她赢了这场比赛) made us very happy. 2. _(所需要的) is careful preparation. 3._(她是否来)doesnt matter too much. 4.That he will succeed is certain.(用it句型改写) _ 5.Why he did this is not known. (用it句型改写) _,That she won the game,What is needed,Whether she is coming or not,It is certain that he will succeed.,It is not known why he did this.,四、同位语从句,同位语从句一般用whether，that等词引导，常放在名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。,1.同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等, 关联词多用从属连词that.,Where did you get the idea that I could not come? They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.,2.同位语从句意义完整, 应用that;意义不完整需增加“是否”的含义,应用whether；需要增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用when，where，how等词。,I have no idea whether hell come or not. The question who should do the work requires consideration.,3.表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气（should+动词原形，should可省略）,This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.,4.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别,句法功能上,意义上,that引导的同位语从句,that引导的定语从句,只起连接从句的作用,无意义,在从句中不充当句子成分,不可省略,替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当句子成分.若在从句中作宾语可省略.,从句是被修饰名词的内容,从句起限定作用,是定语,The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.The news that he told me yesterday is true.,同位语从句, that不可省略,定语从句,that在从句中作told的宾语,可省略,经典试题,1. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that 2. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 3.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road condition need_. A. that, to be improving B. which, to be improved C. where, improving D. when, improving,D,B,A,4.Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO isnot ever. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 5.Father made a promise _ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary. A. that B. if C. whether D. that if 6.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A.while B.that C.when D.as 7._ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match. A. There, that B. It, that C. There,whether D. It, whether,A,D,B,A,8.His suggestion _ to see the art exhibition interested every one of us. A. that we go B. which we should go C. that we would go D. when we should go 9.He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. t