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英文原文THECURRENTSITUATIONOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREANDDEVELOPINGDIRECTIONINTHEARTICLEOFCONCEPTOFSYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWARE,WESPEAKOFFROMTHECRISISOFTHESOFTWARE,HAVEEXPLAINEDORIGIN,DEFINESANDTHEFUNCTIONINTHEPROJECTOFTHESOFTWAREISDEVELOPEDOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWARETHEN,HOWISTHECURRENTSITUATIONOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFSOFTWAREATPRESENTWHATISTHEDEVELOPMENTTRENDOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFSOFTWARETHISISTHECONTENTTHATTHISTEXTWILLINTRODUCEATPRESENT,INTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREISSTILLINDEVELOPINGRAPIDLY,MOREANDMORERESEARCHERSARECASTINGATTENTIONONTHERESEARCHOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREITISSTILLVERYIRREGULARTOUSEFORCARRYINGONMODEL,MARKLAWANDTOOLTHATTHESPECIFICATIONDESCRIBESTOTHESYSTEMOFTHESOFTWARETHOUGHTHESEIRREGULARMODELSAREUSEFUL,INORDERTOMAKEITMOREACCURATEANDMORESTALWART,THERESEARCHWORKINMANYASPECTSNEEDSCONTINUINGGOINGONSINCELATERSTAGEOF1990S,THERESEARCHOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREHASBECOMEAFOCUSTHEMASSESOFSOFTWAREWORKERREALIZESOFTWARESYSTEMGREATMEANINGANDITTHATSTRUCTURESTUDYDESIGNTHEIMPORTANCEDEVELOPEDTOTHESOFTWARESYSTEMALREADY,HAVELAUNCHEDALOTOFRESEARCHANDPRACTICEWORKISITWATCHTOCOMEBYSYSTEMCURRENTSITUATIONTHATSTRUCTURESTUDYFROMSOFTWARE,PRESENTRESEARCHANDTOSOFTWARESYSTEMDESCRIPTIONOFSTRUCTURE,COMETOSAYTOSTILLSTAYONTHEBASISOFTHETHINGTHATITISNOTFORMALIZEDTOAGREATEXTENTTEACHER,FRAMEWORKOFSOFTWARE,LACKESSENTIALTOOLSTILL,THETOOLSHOULDEXPLICITDESCRIBE,HAVEFORMALIZEDTOOLOFINDEPENDENTCHARACTERATPRESENTAMONGTHEINCOMMONUSESOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTAPPROACH,ITISITUSEFORMALIZEDPICTUREANDTEXTNONUSUALLYTODESCRIBE,CANTDESCRIBETHEINTERFACEBETWEENTHECOMPONENTSOFEXISTENCETHATTHESYSTEMEXPECTS,CANTDESCRIBETHEMEANINGOFDIFFERENTSYSTEMATICASSOCIATIONRELATIONOFCOMPOSITIONDIFFICULTTOUNDERSTANDDEVELOPER,LETALONEUSEFORANALYSINGITSCHARACTERISTICS,SUCHASCONSISTENCYANDINTEGRALITY,ETCISSTUDIEDCOMPONENTOFSYSTEMNEARLYBYONEWHENDESCRIBINGFORMALIZEDMETHODNONASONESOFTWARE,THESYSTEMATICPUTTINGINANPOSITIONWILLBEINFLUENCEDTOO,THEEFFORTSINTHECOURSEOFDESIGNINGASYSTEMATICSTRUCTUREAREVERYDIFFICULTTOTRANSPLANTTOANOTHERSYSTEMCONNECTTOSYSTEMCOMPONENTSTRUCTURIZATIONOFRELATIONISITGETAEXPLICITONETOSUPPOSE,WHENTHEFORMALIZEDDESCRIPTION,ITWILLBERISKYTOTRANSPLANTSUCHASYSTEMATICCOMPONENTTOANOTHERSYSTEM,EVENIMPOSSIBLEONESOFTWARESYSTEMSTRUCTUREISITREMAININFORMALIZEDBLOCKDIAGRAMSTAGENONONLYTOSTUDY,ITHASBEENALREADYDIFFICULTTOMEETTHENEEDSOFFURTHERDEVELOPMENTFORSUPPORTBASEDONSYSTEMSTRUCTUREDEVELOPMENT,NEEDFORMALIZEDMODELINGSYMBOL,SYSTEMANALYSISANDDEVELOPINGINSTRUMENTTHATSTRUCTUREPROVEISITWATCHTOCOMEFROMSOFTWARESYSTEMCURRENTSITUATIONTHATSTRUCTURESTUDY,INFIELDTHISTHEREAREPROGRESSRECENTLY,AREPRESENTATIVEONEMELLONOFAMERICANCARNEGIEUNIVERSITYAMONGTHEMROBERTJA11ENONCARNEGIEMELLONUNIVERSITYONWRIGHTSYSTEMTHATL997GETOUTOFEVERYYEARWRIGHTISAKINDOFSTRUCTUREDESCRIBESLANGUAGES,THISLANGUAGEISONTHEBASISOFAKINDOFFORMALIZED,ABSTRACTSYSTEMATICMODEL,HAVEOFFEREDAKINDOFPRACTICALTOOLFORTHETHINGTHATDESCRIBEANDANALYSETHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREANDSTRUCTURIZATIONMETHODWRIGHTLAYSPARTICULAREMPHASISONANDDESCRIBESSYSTEMATICSOFTWARECOMPONENTANDSTRUCTURE,DISPOSITIONANDMETHODTOJOINMAINLYITUSESTHEEXPLICIT,INDEPENDENTCONNECTIONMODELTOCOMEASMUTUALWAY,THISMAKESYSTEMTHISCANSPENDLOGICPREDICATESYMBOLSYSTEM,RELYONSPECIFICSYSTEMATICINSTANCEDESCRIBETHEABSTRACTBEHAVIOROFTHESYSTEMSYSTEMTHISCANALSOJUDGESYSTEMATICSTRUCTURECONSISTENCYANDINTEGRALITYOFSPECIFICATIONSTHROUGHCHECKINGINAGROUPOFSTATICBEHAVIORBYTHELOOKOFANALYSISOFTHESECHARACTERISTICS,WRIGHTSYSTEMISREALLYSUITABLEFORTOLARGESCALEANDSYSTEMATICDESCRIPTIONANDANALYSISSTUDYPRIMARYPROBLEMOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREISHOWTOEXPRESSTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWARE,NAMELYWHATSYSTEMSTRUCTUREMODELINGTOTHESOFTWAREACCORDINGTOTHEDIFFERENCEOFEMPHASISPOINTSOFMODELING,CANDIVIDETHEMODELOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREINTO5KINDSSTRUCTUREMODEL,FRAMEMODEL,DYNAMICMODEL,COURSEMODELANDFUNCTIONMODELINTHESE5MODELS,THEMOSTFREQUENTLYUSEDONEISTHESTRUCTUREMODELANDDYNAMICMODELTHISISAMOSTOCULAR,MOSTGENERALMODELINGMETHODTHEMETHODPORTRAYTHESTRUCTUREWITHSYSTEMCOMPONENT,ATTACHMENTANDOTHERCONCEPTSOFSTRUCTURE,ANDISITISITREFLECTIMPORTANTSEMANTEMECONTENTOFSYSTEMTOCOMETHROUGHSTRUCTURETOTRYHARD,INCLUDINGSYSTEMATICDISPOSITION,RESTRAINT,IMPLICITASSUMEDCONDITIONS,STYLE,NATURETHECORETOSTUDYSTRUCTUREMODELISTHATTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREDESCRIBESLANGUAGESTHEFRAMEMODELISSIMILARTOSTRUCTUREMODEL,BUTITDOESNOTLAYPARTICULAREMPHASISONDESCRIBINGTHEDETAILOFTHESTRUCTUREANDLAYINGPARTICULAREMPHASISONTHESTRUCTUREOFTHEWHOLEEVENMOREVERYMUCHFRAMEMODELREGARDSOMESPECIALPROBLEMSASGOALSETUPONLYMAINLYTOMEETSTRUCTUREOFQUESTIONTHISDYNAMICMODELTOSTRUCTUREORFRAMESUPPLEMENTOFMODEL,STUDYBEHAVIORNATUREOFBIGPARTICLEOFSYSTEMFOREXAMPLE,DESCRIBESYSTEMATICDECONFIGURATIONOREVOLUTIONTHETRENDSMAYMEANTHEDISPOSITION,SETTINGUPOFTHESYSTEMATICENSEMBLEARCHITECTUREORREMOVETHECOURSEOFTHECOMMUNICATIONPASSWAYORCALCULATIONTHISKINDOFSYSTEMISOFTENENCOURAGINGTYPESTUDYTHESTEPANDCOURSEWITHSYSTEMATICSTRUCTUREINCOURSEMODELTHEREFORETHESTRUCTUREISARESULTOFFOLLOWINGSOMECOURSESCRIPTSMODELTHISTHINKSYSTEMSTRUCTURETOMAKEUPBYONEGROUPFUNCTIONCOMPONENTACCORDINGTOTHELEVEL,THELOWERFLOORPROVIDESSERVICETOTHEUPPERSTRATAITCANBEREGARDEDASAKINDOFSPECIALFRAMEMODELHAVINGTHEIROWNSTRONGPOINTSEACHINTHESE5KINDSOFMODELS,PERHAPSUNIFY5KINDSOFMODELSTOGETHERORGANICALLY,FORMONEINTACTMODELITCOMESTOBESYSTEMSTRUCTURESUITABLETOPORTRAYSOFTWAREFOREXAMPLEKRUCHTENPROPOSEONEVISUALANGLEMODELOF41IN199541MODELINCLUDETHELOGICVISUALANGLEFROM5DIFFERENTVISUALANGLES,COURSEVISUALANGLE,PHYSICSVISUALANGLE,DEVELOPINGTHEVISUALANGLEANDSCENEVISUALANGLETODESCRIBETHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREEVERYVISUALANGLECAREONESIDEOFSYSTEMONLY,5VISUALANGLEISITCANREFLECTSYSTEMATICSOFTWARESYSTEMCONTENTSOFSTRUCTURETOCONBINETOGETHER41MODELISASFIG1SHOWSENDUSERFUNCTIONREQUIREMENTPROGRAMMERSOFTWAREMANAGEMENTSYSTEMINTEGRATEDPERSONCAPABILITYEXTENDING、THUOUGHPUTETCSYSTEMPROCESSPERSONSYSTEMTOPOLOGY、INSTALLTION、COMMUNICATIONETC41MODELISASFIGSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTMODELCROSSOVERWHOLESOFTWARESYSTEMDEVELOP,OPERATE,ALLWORKANDSTRUCTUREFRAMEOFTASKIMPLEMENTEDTOMAINTAINOFLIFECYCLE,PROVIDETHERELATIONTHATSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTMOVESABOUTBETWEENEVERYSTAGESATPRESENT,THECOMMONSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTMODELCANROUGHLYBEDIVIDEDINTOTHREEKINDSWATERFALLMODELIFTHEDEMANDOFTHESOFTWAREISTOTALLYCONFIRMEDPROGRESSIVEDEVELOPMENTMODELADOPTEDWHENSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTCANONLYOFFERTHEBASICDEMANDATINITIALSTAGE,FORINSTANCESPIRALMODEL,ETCBASEDONFORMALIZATIONDEVELOPMENTAPPROACHTOVARYMODELSALLDEVELOPMENTAPPROACHESARETOSOLVETHEDEMANDANDDISPARITYWHILEREALIZINGBUTTHREESOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTMODELOFKINDTHESETHEREAREALLKINDSOFDEFECTS,CANTWELLSUPPORTTHEDEVELOPMENTCOURSEBASEDONSYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWARESO,RESEARCHERSHAVEDONECERTAINWORKINDEVELOPINGTHESOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTMODELBASEDONSYSTEMSTRUCTUREFOREXAMPLE,INORDERTOEXPRESSTHELIFECYCLEOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREVIVIDLY,ZHOUYINGXINDROFBEIJINGUNIVERSITYOFPOSTTELECOMMUNICATIONESTABLISHTHESYSTEMOFAPIECEOFSOFTWARETHELIFECYCLEMODELOFTHESTRUCTURESOFTWARESYSTEMDEVELOPMENTOFSTRUCTURELARGESCALESOFTWAREKEYLINKTHATSYSTEMDEVELOPSTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREHASESSENTIALFUNCTIONINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEPRODUCTIONLINEOFTHESOFTWARE,INPRODUCING,BECAUSEOFSAMESOFTWARESYSTEMSTRUCTURE,CANISITHAVEDIFFERENTALOTOFSYSTEMOFFUNCTIONTOESTABLISHINTHEDEVELOPMENTSHARESYSTEMSTRUCTUREANDAGROUPOFREUSABLECOMPONENTSBETWEENTHESOFTWAREPRODUCTCLANS,CANINCREASETHESOFTPROJECTANDREDUCEDEVELOPINGANDSAFEGUARDTHECOSTAPRODUCTLINEHASPUBLICSYSTEMATICSOFTWARESYSTEMTHATISCOLLECTEDOFDEMANDONBEHALFOFONEGROUP,THEYALLCUSTOMIZETHESTANDARDPRODUCTLINEFRAMEWORKACCORDINGTOTHEBASICUSERSNEEDS,INTEGRATEDANDGOTTHEUNIQUEPARTOFREUSABLECOMPONENTANDSYSTEMADOPTTHEPRODUCTIONLINETYPEMODEOFTHESOFTWARETOPRODUCESOFTWARE,WILLPRODUCEHUGEPROGRAMMINGENTERPRISESBUTTHESOFTWAREPRODUCTCLANMAJORITYPRODUCEDATLOGICALVISIONDEVELOPEDVISIONPROCESSVISIONPHYSICALVISIONSCENEVISIONPRESENTISINTHESAMEFIELDATPRESENT,THESYSTEMSTRUCTUREISSTILLAVERYNEWRESEARCHFIELD,ITSCONCEPTISSTILLQUITEFUZZYBUTSOFTWARESYSTEMSTRUCTUREREGARDASSOFTPROJECTACOMPONENTOFFIELD,HAVINGALREADYOBTAINEDCONSIDERABLEDEVELOPMENT,THEONESTHATHAVEBEENDESIGNEDWITHRESEARCHERSBYMOSTSOFTWARESYSTEMSAREPAIDATTENTIONTOWHETHERSOFTWARESYSTEMSTRUCTUREACTIVERESEARCHDIRECTIONINCLUDEATPRESENT1RESEARCHOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREFORMFOUNDATIONOFTHESOFTWARE；2STUDYTHENEWSPECIALHIGHLEVELLANGUAGETOTHEQUESTIONTHATTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREISPECULIARWHENDESCRIBED；3SETUPANDISUSEDINTHETOLERANCEANDAPPRAISETHEMODELANDMETHODOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWARE；4SETUPFACINGSPECIALFIELDSOFTWARESYSTEMSTRUCTUREFANTYPESTOREHOUSE5CARRYOUTTHETRANSITIONTOTHETHEORYSOFTWARESYSTEMSTRUCTUREFROMPRESENTINTUITIONANDEXPERIENCESTATEINBETWEENSOFTWAREENGINEERANDSOFTWAREDESCRIPTIONANDUNDERSTANDINGABILITYOFSYSTEMOFRAISING,THOUGHTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREOFTHESOFTWAREDESCRIBESTHATPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLE,THESEABSTRACTDESCRIPTIONISUSUALLYNONFORMALIZEDANDRANDOMONESYSTEMSTRUCTURALDESIGNFREQUENTLYDIFFICULTTOUNDERSTAND,DIFFICULTTOISITCARRYONFORMALIZEDANALYSISANDSIMULATIONTOSUITABLEFOR,LACKCORRESPONDINGSUPPORTTOOLHELPFRAMEWORKTEACHERFINISHTHEDESIGNWORKFORSOLVETHEPROBLEM,ISITDESCRIBEFORMALIZEDLANGUAGEINREASONINGCANDEVELOPTOUSEFOR,LANGUAGETHESENAMESYSTEMSTRUCTUREDESCRIBELANGUAGEARCHITECTUREDESCRIPTIONLANGUAGE,ADLSISSOUGHTTOBEINCREASEDTHEINTELLIGIBLEANDPUTTINGINANPOSITIONOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTURALDESIGNOFTHESOFTWAREADLISTHISLANGUAGE,THESYSTEMATICFRAMEWORKTEACHERCANEXPLOITTHECHARACTERISTICOFFEREDBYITSINSTITUTEANDCARRYONTHESYSTEMATICCONCEPTSYSTEMSTRUCTUREMODELINGOFTHESOFTWAREADLHASOFFEREDTHECONCRETEGRAMMARANDPORTRAYEDTHECONCEPTFRAMEOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREADLSMAKESTHESYSTEMATICDEVELOPERABLETOWELLDESCRIBETHESYSTEMSTRUCTURETHATTHEYDESIGN,INORDERTOEXCHANGEWITHPEOPLE,CANANALYSEALOTOFINSTANCESWITHTHETOOLTHATISOFFEREDTHEPURPOSEOFTHISKINDOFDESCRIPTIONLANGUAGEISTOOFFERAKINDOFSTANDARDIZEDSYSTEMSTRUCTURETODESCRIBE,THUSMAKETHEAUTOMATIONOFTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREANALYSETHATISPOSSIBLERESEARCHERSHAVEALREADYDESIGNEDNEARLY20KINDSOFADLS,THEMOREPOWERFULONEISC2,UNICON,METAH,AESOP,SADL,RAPIDE,WRIGHT,ETCLANGUAGETHESECANGOONTOSYSTEMSTRUCTURECONNECTORTHEFIRSTABSTRACT,ATTHESAMETIME,STILLCANDESCRIBETHERECIPROCATIONBETWEENTHESTRUCTUREOFTHEMODELANDINSIDECOMPONENT,ANDHASINTRODUCEDSOMENEWNETWORKANALYSISMODESWORKO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