2014高考英语语法专题复习03名词性从句精品课件（可编辑）

2014高考英语语法专题复习03名词性从句精品课件03名词性从句03名词性从句I语序问题I语序问题1THEPHOTOGRAPHSWILLSHOWYOU_MET89AWHATDOESOURVILLAGELOOKLIKEBWHATOURVILLAGELOOKSLIKECHOWDOESOURVILLAGELOOKLIKEDHOWOURVILLAGELOOKSLIKE2HEASKED_FORAVIOLINMET92ADIDIPAYHOWMUCHBIPAIDHOWMUCHCHOWMUCHDIDIPAYDHOWMUCHIPAID规律一名词性从句在句中要用陈述语序II引导词的选择II引导词的选择1_WECANTGETSEEMSBETTERTHAN_WEHAVEAWHAT,WHATBWHAT,THATCTHAT,THATDTHAT,WHAT2ITWORRIEDHERABIT_HERHAIRWASTURNINGGREYAWHILEBTHATCIFDFOR3WHATTHEDOCTORSREALLYDOUBTIS_MYMOTHERWILLRECOVERFROMTHESERIOUSDISEASESOONAWHENBHOWCWHETHERDWHY4MADETHESCHOOLPROUDWASMORETHAN90OFTHESTUDENTSHADBEENADMITTEDTOKEYUNIVERSITIESAWHATBECAUSEBWHATTHATCTHATWHATDTHATBECAUSE规律二1从句是陈述句转化而来的,不含有疑问意义。由THAT引导且THAT连词在从句中不作成分2从句是由一般疑问句转化而来,含有疑问意义的。由WHETHER,IF引导3从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来,含有疑问意义的。由WH连词引导且WH连词在从句中作成分。连接代词WHAT/WHO/WHICH/WHOSE/WHATEVER/WHOEVER/WHOMEVER/WHICHEVER,连接副词WHERE/WHEN/WHY/HOW/WHEREVER/WHENEVER。找出下列句子中的错误,并总结出规律7IFWEWILLHAVEAMEETINGHASNTBEENDECIDEDYETWHETHERWEWILLHAVEAMEETINGHASNTBEENDECIDEDYET8ITDEPENDSONIFTHEWEATHERISSUITABLEFORUSTODOITITDEPENDSONWHETHERTHEWEATHERIS9THEQUESTIONISIFHEHIMSELFWILLBEPRESENTATTHEMEETINGTHEQUESTIONISWHETHERHEHIMSELFWILLBEPRESENT10HEASKEDMEIFICOULDGOWITHHIMORNOTHEASKEDMEWHETHERICOULDGOWITHHIMORNOT规律三WHETHER和IF的区别WHETHER和IF在宾语从句中可以互换,但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用WHETHER。如ITALLDEPENDSONWHETHERTHEYWILLCOMEBACK后面直接跟ORNOT时用WHETHER。如IDIDNTKNOWWHETHERORNOTHEHADARRIVEDINWUHAN主语从句和表语从句中只能用WHETHER。如WHETHERTHEMEETINGWILLBEPUTOFFHASNOTBEENDECIDEDYETTHEQUESTIONISWHETHERTHEYHAVESOMUCHMONEYWHETHER可以引导同位语从句,用以说明前面的名词的内容,IF不能。如WEOUGHTTODISCUSSCAREFULLYTHEQUESTIONWHETHERWECANDOITORNOTWHETHER常与OR连用表示一种选择,IF不能这样用WHETHER也可与动词不定式连用但IF不能。如THEQUESTIONOFWHETHERTHEYAREMALEORFEMALEISNOTIMPORTANTIHAVENOTDECIDEDWHETHERTOGOORNOTWHETHER可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”,而IF不能,但可以引导一个条件状语从句表示“如果”如WHETHERHECOMESORNOT,WEWILLBEGINOURPARTYONTIMEIFIHAVETIMETOMORROW,ILLGOTOVISITTOM找出下列句子中的错误,并总结出规律1ITHINKTHATWORTHWHILETHATWESPENTSOMUCHMONEYITONTHESEBOOKS2THATISHARDTODECIDEWHENANDWHEREWEWILLHELDOURSPORTSMEETINGIT3EVERYBODYCONSIDERSITIMPOSSIBLEWHICHHEWANTSTOTHATFINISHTHEJOBINSUCHASHORTTIME4ITDOESNTMATTERTHATYOUWILLCOMEORNOTWHETHER规律四主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“IT”而后置。1主语从句可以用IT作形式主语来替换成以下几种结构表达。AITISCLEAR/CERTAIN/LIKELY/TRUE/SURPRISINGTHATBITISAPITY/SHAME/GOODIDEA/NOWONDERTHATCITISSAID/REPORTED/BELIEVED/KNOWN/THOUGHT/SUGGESTEDTHATDITSEEMS/HAPPENSTHAT如ITISSAIDTHATCHINAWILLWININTHEWORLDCUP2宾语从句可以用IT作形式宾语来替换的句型为主语谓语ITADJ/N从句如ITHINKITNECESSARYTHATWEHAVETHEMEETING1SARAHHOPESTOBECOMEAFRIENDOF_SHARESHERINTERESTSAANYONEBWHOMEVERCWHOEVERDNOMATTERWHO2_MUCHADVICEIGAVEHIM,HEDIDEXACTLYWHATHEWANTEDTODOAHOWBWHATEVERCHOWEVERDNOMATTER3ITISGENERALLYCONSIDEREDUNWISETOGIVEACHILD_HEORSHEWANTSAHOWEVERBWHATEVERCWHICHEVERDWHENEVER规律四WHATEVER,WHICHEVER,WHOEVER,WHENEVER,WHEREVER,HOWEVER等与NOMATTERWHAT,NOMATTERWHICH,NOMATTERWHO,NOMATTERWHEN,NOMATTERWHERE,NOMATTERHOW的区别前者既可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句,而NOMATTER加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。HEWILLBELIEVEWHATEVEROTHERSSAY不能用NOMATTERWHAT代替WHATEVERWHATEVEROTHERSSAY,HEWILLBELIEVEIT可以用NOMATTERWHAT代替WHATEVER找出下列句子中的错误,并总结出规律4WESUGGESTEDTHATWEWOULDGOTOTHECINEMAWESUGGESTEDTHATWESHOULDGOTOTHECINEMA5MYIDEAISTHATWEMUSTDOOURHOMEWORKFIRSTMYIDEAISTHATWESHOULDDOOURHOMEWORKFIRST6HISPROPOSALTHATWEWENTTHEREONFOOTISACCEPTABLEHISPROPOSALTHATWESHOULDGOTHEREONFOOT规律五注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用1虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。“WISH宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,译为“要是就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示将来不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“WOULD/COULD动词原形”表示过去不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“HAD过去分词”或“COULDSHOULDHAVE过去分词”。如IWISHITWERESPRINGALLTHEYEARROUNDIWISHIHADKNOWNTHEANSWERIWISHICOULDFLYLIKEABIRD在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词SUGGEST、ADVISE、PROPOSE、DEMAND、REQUIRE、INSISTREQUEST、COMMAND、ORDER等动词后的宾语从句中,从句谓语动词用SHOULD动词原形或是动词原形。如SHESUGGESTEDWESHOULDLEAVEHEREATONCETHEDOCTORORDEREDSHESHOULDBEOPERATEDON2虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词ADVISE、IDEA、ORDER、DEMAND、PLAN、PROPOSAL、SUGGESTION、REQUEST等的表语从句和同位语从句,从句中的谓语动词用“SHOULD动词原形”。如HISSUGGESTIONTHATWESHOULDGOTOSHANGHAIISWONDERFULMYIDEAISTHATTHEYSHOULDPAY100DOLLARS3虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气用“SHOULD动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如ITISNECESSARYIMPORTANT,NATURAL,STRANGE,ETCTHATWESHOULDCLEANTHEROOMEVERYDAYITWASAPITYASHAME,NOWONDER,ETCTHATYOUSHOULDBESOCARELESSITWILLBEDESIREDSUGGESTED,DECIDED,ORDERED,REQUESTED,PROPOSED,ETCTHATSHESHOULDFINISHHERHOMEWORKTHISAFTERNOON注意这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感,就可用虚拟语气。反之,如果不表示惊奇等情感,THAT从句也可用陈述句语气。如ITISPITYTHATYOUCANTSWIM名词从句与定语从句的主要区别I成分上的区别名词性从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么样的成分主语1HOWTHEPRISONERESCAPEDREMAINSAMYSTERY2IWONDERWHETHER/IFHEISFITFORTHEJOB宾语3THEPROBLEMISWHOWILLBEEQUALTOTHETASK表语4HEHADNOIDEAWHETHERWECOULDOVERCOMETHE同位语PRESENTDIFFICULTIESORNOT5IVISITEDTHECOUNTRYWHICH/THATHADBEENBOMBEDBYTHEUSLEDNATO美国为首的北约AMONTHBEFORE6ISHALLNEVERFORGETTHEYEARSWHENILIVEDINTHECOUNTRYSIDEWITHTHEFARMERS,WHICHHASAGREATEFFECTONMYLIFE7INTHEOFFICEINEVERSEEMTOHAVETIMEUNTILAFTER530PM,BYWHICHTIMEMANYPEOPLEHAVEGONEHOME8IHADNEVERSEENSUCHAGOODFILMASIWATCHEDLASTNIGHT结论名词性从句充当句子的主要成分作主语,宾语,表语,同位语,且无先行词,同位语除外。定语从句充当句子的修饰成分作定语,前面有先行词同位语从句和定语从句的区别THAT作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子的主语或宾语成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略THAT引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句THESUGGESTIONTHATHERAISEDATTHEMEETINGISVERYGOODTHAT引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略THESUGGESTIONTHATTHESTUDENTSSHOULDHAVEPLENTYOFEXERCISEISVERYGOODTHAT引导同位语从句IHADNOIDEATHATYOUWEREHERETHAT引导同位语从句,不能省略HAVEYOUGOTTHEIDEATHATTHISBOOKGIVESYOUOFLIFEINANCIENTGREECETHAT引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略I引导词的不同不会出现在名词从句中的关系词AS,且WHEN,WHERE等不能与IN/ON/ATWHICH互换。不会出现在定语从句中的关系词WHETHER,IF,WHAT,HOWIII名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系1HEHASDONEWHATHECANTOHELPMEALLTHATHEHASDONE_HECANTOHELPME2WHATIWANTTOSAYHASNOTHINGTODOWITHIT_IWANTTOSAYHASNOTHINGTODOALLTHATWITHIT3WHOEVERBREAKSTHELAWISTOBEPUNISHEDANYONEWHO_BREAKSTHELAWISTOBEPUNISHED4HEWILLGIVETHEDICTIONARYTOWHOEVERNEEDSIFMOSTANYONEWHOHEWILLGIVETHEDICTIONARYTO_NEEDSITMOST5WELLREMEMBERWHOMEVERWETURNEDTOFORHELPANYONEWHOMWELLREMEMBER_WETURNEDTOFORHELP6THEYWILLDOWHATEVERHEWANTSTHEMTODOANYTHINGTHATTHEYWILLDO_HEWANTSTHEMTODO7ILLREADWHICHEVERBOOKYOUGIVEMEANYTHATILLREAD_OFTHEBOOKS_YOUGIVEMEIV其余问题1误IDONTKNOWIFHECOMES