流量行业基本单位换算和常用参数

1、附录3 流量行业部分通用图表附3.1 常用图表附3.1.1 体积单位换算表附表3-1 体积单位换算表注：1964年国际计量委员会第十二届国际计量大会决议声明，“升”词作为立方分米的专门名称，因此，“升”与立方分米不再有数量差别。附3.1.2 质量单位换算表附表3-2 质量单位换算表附3.1.3 英寸与毫米单位换算表附表3-3 英寸与毫米单位换算表附3.1.4 毫米与英寸单位换算表附表3-4 毫米与英寸单位换算表附3.1.5 体积流量单位换算表附表3-5 体积流量单位换算表附3.1.6 质量流量单位换算表附表3-6 质量流量单位换算表附3.1.7 密度单位换算表附表3-7 密度单位换算表 附3.

2、1.8 压力单位换算表附表3-8 压力单位换算表注：1、1工程大气压（at）=1公斤力/厘米2。2、用水柱表示的压力，是以纯水在4时的密度值为标准的。附3.1.9 温度单位换算表附表3-9 温度单位换算表附3.1.10 动力黏度单位换算表附表3-10 动力黏度单位换算表附3.1.11 运动黏度单位换算表附表3-11 运动黏度单位换算表附3.1.12 功、能及热量单位换算表附表3-12 功、能及热量单位换算表附3.1.13 管道内流速常用值附表3-13 管道内流速常用值/(m/s)附3.1.14 流量-管道内平均流速关系图附图3-1 流量-管道内平均流速关系图附3.1.15 ANSI(美国国家标

3、准)和DIN(德国国家标准)的标准管径附表3-14 ANSI(美国国家标准)的标准管径附3.1.16 常用材料的热膨胀系数×106附表3-15 常用材料的热膨胀系数×106采用该列数据时，工作温度下的管道内径或节流件开孔直径，应采用下式计算：D=D201+D（t-25）；d=d201+d（t-25）。灰口铸铁的20100范围为10100范围。采用该列数据时，工作温度下的管道内径或节流件开孔直径，应采用下式计算：D=D201+D（t-0）；d=d201+d（t-0）。附3.1.17 气体流量换算公式附表3-16 气体流量换算公式附3.2 气体的物理性质图表附3.2.1 气体性

4、质表附表3-17 气体性质表名称分子式相对分子质量理想密度n/(kg/m3)20101.325kPa理想相对密度Gi20101.325kPa(空气=1)压缩系数Zn20101.325kPa比热容比20101.325kPa沸点Tb/K101.325kPa临 界 点偏心因子温度Tc/K压力pc/MPa密度c/(kg/m3)压缩系数Zc空气(干)28.96261.20411.00000.999631.4*78.8132.423.7663170.312氮N228.01351.16460.96720.99971.4*77.35126.23.3933120.2900.039氧O231.99881.3302

5、1.10480.99931.397*90.17154.785.043426.20.2880.025氦He4.00260.16640.13821.00051.664.2155.190.22769.90.301-0.365氢H22.01590.08380.06961.00061.412*20.3832.21.29731.040.305-0.218氪Kr83.803.48352.8931.67119.79209.45.5029090.2880.005氙Xe131.305.45824.5331.666165.02289.755.87411050.2870.008氖Ne20.1830839140.696

6、91.00051.6827.0944.42.7264830.311-0.029氩Ar39.9481.66051.3790.99931.6887.291150.74.8645350.2910.001甲烷CH416.0430.66690.55390.99811.315*111.6190.5554.5998161.550.2880.0115乙烷C2H630.071.25001.03820.99201.18*184.6305.834.880202.90.2850.0908丙烷C3H844.0971.83321.52240.98341.13*231.05369.824.250216.60.2810.14

7、54正丁烷C4H1058.1242.41632.00670.96821.10*272.65425.143.784227.70.2740.1928异丁烷C4H1058.1242.41632.00671.11*261.45408.153.648220.50.2830.176正戊烷C5H1272.1512.99942.49100.94741.07*309.25469.693.364237.90.2620.2510乙烯C2H428.0541.16600.96860.99401.22*169.45283.355.0422270.2760.0856丙烯C3H642.0811.74951.45260.985

8、1.15*225.45364.854.611232.70.2750.1477丁烯1C4H856.1082.33261.93730.9721.11*266.85419.534.023233.40.2770.1874顺丁烯2C4H856.1082.33271.93730.9691.1214*276.85433.154.20198.90.2720.202反丁烯2C4H856.1082.33271.93730.9691.1073*274.05428.153.99234.70.2660.205异丁烯C4H856.1082.33271.93730.9721.1058*266.25417.853.99823

9、40.2750.194乙炔C2H226.0381.083.0.89900.9931.24189.13(升华)309.156.2472310.2700.190苯C6H678.1143.24762.69710.93261.101353.25562.1643898302.10.2710.210一氧化碳CO28.01061.1650.96740.99961.39581.65132.853.494300.40.2950.053二氧化碳CO244.009951.8291.5190.99461.295194.75(升华)304.207.382468.10.2740.239一氧化氮NO30.00611.247

10、41.0361.4121.45179.156.482520.2500.588二氧化氮NO246.00551.91211.5881.31294.35431.3510.135700.4730.834一氧化二氮N2O44.01281.83021.5201.274184.69309.717.2674570.2740.165硫化氢H2S34.079941.41691.17670.99111.32212.85373.28.940338.50.2840.109氢氰酸HCN27.0258112350.93311.31(65)298.85456.655.374200氧硫化碳COS60.07462.49732.0

11、74222.95378.156.1780.2750.105臭氧O347.99821.99521.657181.2261.055.575370.2280.691二氧化硫SO264.06282.7262.2120.9801.25263.15430.657.8855240.2690.251氟F237.99681.57981.3121.35885.03172.155.5704730.048氯Cl270.9062.94762.4481.35238.55417.157.7085730.2850.090氯甲烷CH3Cl50.4882.09901.74321.28249.39416.156.6783530.2

12、690.156氯乙烷C2H5Cl64.5152.68212.22751.19(16,0.30.5atm285.45455.955.2663300.2740.190氨NH317.03060.70800.58800.9891.32239.75405.6511.282350.250氟里昂11CCl3F137.36835.71104.74301.135296.95471.154.3745540.2970.189氟里昂12CCl2F2120.9145.02694.1748/1.138243.35385.153.9235580.2800.204氟里昂13CClF3104.45944.34283.60671

13、.15010)191.75302.053.8645780.2780.198氟里昂113CCl2FCClF2187.37657.79006.4696320.75478.253.413576附3.2.2 空气的压缩系数表附表3-18 空气的压缩系数附3.2.3 氮的压缩系数表附表3-19 氮的压缩系数表 附3.2.4 氧的压缩系数表附表3-20 氧的压缩系数表附3.2.5 氩的压缩系数表附表3-21 氩的压缩系数表附3.2.6 氢的压缩系数表附表3-22 氢的压缩系数表附3.2.7 甲烷的压缩系数表附表3-23 甲烷的压缩系数表附3.2.8 一氧化碳的压缩系数表附表3-24 一氧化碳的压缩系数表附

14、3.2.9 二氧化碳的压缩系数表附表3-25 二氧化碳的压缩系数表附3.2.10 水蒸气的压缩系数表附表3-26 水蒸气的压缩系数表附3.2.11 空气的压缩系数图附图3-2 空气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.12 氮气的压缩系数图附图3-3 氮气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.13 氧气的压缩系数图附图3-4 氧气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.14 氢气的压缩系数图附图3-5 氢气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.15 氩气的压缩系数图附图3-6 氩气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.16 甲烷的压缩系数图附图3-7 甲烷的压缩系数Z图附3.2.17 一氧化碳的压缩系数图附图3-8 一氧化碳的压缩系数Z图附3.2.18 二氧化碳的

15、压缩系数图附图3-9 二氧化碳的压缩系数Z图附3.2.19 氦气的压缩系数图附图3-10 氦气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.20 氨气的压缩系数图附图3-11 氨气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.21 氯气的压缩系数图图3-12 氯气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.22 乙炔的压缩系数图附图3-13 乙炔的压缩系数Z图附3.2.23 乙烯的压缩系数图附图3-14 乙烯的压缩系数Z图附3.2.24 乙烷的压缩系数图附图3-15 乙烷的压缩系数Z图附3.2.25 n-丁烷的压缩系数图附图3-16 n-丁烷的压缩系数Z图附3.2.26 i-丁烷的压缩系数图附图3-17 i-丁烷的压缩系数Z图附3.2.27 丙烯的压缩系数

16、图附图3-18 丙烯的压缩系数Z图附3.2.28 丙烷的压缩系数图附图3-19 丙烷的压缩系数Z图附3.2.29 一氧化氯的压缩系数图附图3-20 一氧化氯的压缩系数Z图附3.2.30 氢氮气体的压缩系数图附图3-21 氢氮气体的压缩系数Z图用于N225%，H275%（体积百分比）的气体附3.2.31 焦炉煤气的压缩系数图附图3-22 焦炉煤气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.32 天然气的压缩系数图附图3-23 天然气的压缩系数Z图附3.2.33 气体的压缩系数与对比参数关系图注：最大偏差<1%，不适用于H2、He、H2O、NH3与含有H2的混合气体。（a）附图3-24 气体的压缩系数与对比参数

17、关系图注：最大偏差<2.5%，不适合用于不适用于H2、He、H2O、NH3、甲基氟化物（b）附图3-24 气体的压缩系数与对比参数关系图（续）注：最大偏差<5%，不适合用于不适用于H2、He、H2O、NH3、methylfluoride及含有H2的混合气体。（c）附图3-24 气体压缩系数与对比参数关系图（续）注：最大偏差<5%，不适合用于不适用于H2、He、H2O、NH3、methylfluoride及含有H2的混合气体。（d）附图3-24 气体压缩系数与对比参数关系图（续）注：最大偏差<5%，不适合用于不适用于H2、He、H2O、NH3、methylfluoride

18、及含有H2的混合气体。（e）附图3-24 气体压缩系数与对比参数关系图（续）附3.2.34 理想气体的比定压热容cp附表3-27 理想气体的比定压热容cp/(kJ/kg·K)附3.2.35 气体的比热容比cp/cv附表3-28 气体的比热容比cp/cv表附3.2.36 不同压力和温度下甲烷cp和cv值表附表3-29 不同压力和温度下甲烷cp和cv值表附3.2.37 饱和气体的水分含量附表3-30 饱和气体的水分含量注：f-对干气体而言的绝对湿度，0，101.325kPa时的数值；f-对湿气体而言的绝对湿度，0，101.325kPa时的数值。附3.2.38 空气的等熵指数图附图3-25

19、 空气的等熵指数图附3.2.39 氮气的等熵指数图附图3-26 氮气的等熵指数图附3.2.40 氧气的等熵指数图附图3-27 氧气的等熵指数图附3.2.41 氢气的等熵指数图附图3-28 氢气的等熵指数图附3.2.42 二氧化碳的等熵指数图附图3-29 二氧化碳的等熵指数图附3.2.43 氨气的等熵指数图附图3-30 氨气的等熵指数图附3.2.44 甲烷的等熵指数图附图3-31 甲烷的等熵指数图附3.2.45 水蒸气的等熵指数图附图3-32 水蒸气的等熵指数图1bar=105Pa附3.2.46 天然气的等熵指数图附图3-33 天然气的等熵指数图附图3-33 天然气的等熵指数图（续）附图3-33

20、 天然气的等熵指数图（续）附3.2.47 碳氢气体的比热容比cp/cv图附图3-34 碳氢气体的比热容比cp/cv图附3.2.48 天然气的声速几种典型的天然气声速和组分如表3-31所示。附图3-35所示为“Gulf Coast”(Gr=0.58) 天然气的声速。附图3-36所示为天然气声速（t=16）。附表3-31 天然气声速和组分附图3-35 “Gulf Coast”(Gr=0.58)天然气的声速附图3-36 天然气声速（t=16）附3.2.49 求气体黏度的X、Y值表（表3.32）和一般气体在常压下的黏度µ（图3.37）附表3-32 求气体黏度X、Y值表附图3-37 一般气体在

21、常压下的黏度图应用示例：求空气粘度。查表空气的X=11.0，Y=20.0在图中找到该点，其与左侧温度坐标的连线的延长线与右侧粘度坐标的交点即为该温度下的粘度值。如图3-38所示空气在100时的粘度=0.021，400时的粘度=0.031。附图3-38 空气在常压下的黏度图的应用示例附3.3 液体的物理性质图表附3.3.1 液体的性质表附表3-33 液体的性质表附3.3.2 液体黏度的实验值和计算系数附表3-34 液体黏度的实验值和计算系数 附3.3.3 求液体黏度的X、Y值表和一般液体在常压下的黏度图附表3-35 求液体黏度的X、Y值表附图3-39 一般液体在常压下的黏度图µ应用示例

22、：求水的粘度。查表水的X=10.2，Y=13.0在图中找到该点，其与左侧温度坐标的连线的延长线与右侧粘度坐标的交点即为该温度下的粘度值。如图3-40示水在10时的粘度=1.3，50时的粘度=0.6。附图3-40 一般液体在常压下的黏度图µ的应用示例附3.3.4 油品的黏度图 附图3-41 油品的黏度图附3.3.5 甘油的动力黏度图附图3-42 甘油的动力黏度图附3.3.6 液体的膨胀系数图附图3-43 液体的膨胀系数图附3.3.7 石油的相对密度图附图3-44 石油的相对密度图相对密度，表示20时单位体积的石油质量与4时同体积水的质量之比；G相对密度附3.3.8 液体的声速附表3-3

23、6 液体的声速资料来源：机械工程手册电机工程手册编辑委员会编.机械工程手册.第1卷第9篇.北京：机械工程出版社，1996年第2版。附3.3.9 水溶液电导率附表3-37 水溶液电导率附3.3.10 纯液体电导率附表3-38 纯液体电导率附3.4 水和水蒸气的物理性质表附3.4.1 水的密度附表3-39 水的密度/ (kg/m3)压力p/MPa温 度 t/01020304050607080900.001999.80000.005999.8000999.7000998.30280.01999.8000999.8000998.3029995.7184992.26040.05999.8000999.8

24、000998.3029995.7184992.2604988.0447983.1875977.7083971.62840.1999.8000999.8000998.3029995.7184992.2604988.0447983.1875977.7083971.6284965.15780.15999.9000999.8000998.3029995.8176992.3588988.0447983.1875977.7083971.7229965.15780.20999.9000999.8000998.4026995.8176992.3588988.1423983.1875977.7083971.72

25、29965.15780.25999.9000999.9000998.4026995.8176992.3588988.1423983.2842977.8039971.7229965.15780.3999.9000999.9000998.4026995.8176992.3588988.1423983.2842977.8039971.7229965.25100.41000999.9000998.5022995.9167992.4573988.2399983.2842977.8039971.8173965.25100.510001000998.5022995.9167992.4573988.23999

26、83.3809977.8995971.8173965.34410.61000.11000998.5022996.0159992.5558988.2399983.3809977.8995971.9118965.34410.71000.11000.1998.6020996.0159992.5558988.3376983.4776977.9951971.9118965.43730.81000.21000.1998.6020996.0159992.5558988.3376983.4776977.9951972.0062965.43730.91000.21000.2998.7017996.1152992

27、.6544988.4353983.5743978.0908972.0062965.53061.01000.31000.2998.7017996.1152992.6544988.4353983.5743978.0908972.1007965.53061.11000.31000.3998.8014996.2144992.7529988.5330983.5743978.1864972.1007965.62381.21000.41000.3998.8014996.2144992.7529988.5330983.6711978.1864972.1852965.62381.31000.41000.4998

28、.9012996.3136992.8515988.6307983.6711978.1864972.1952965.71701.41000.51000.4998.9012996.3136992.8515988.6307983.7678978.2821972.2897965.71701.51000.51000.5999.001996.4129992.9501988.7285983.7678978.2821972.2897965.81031.61000.61000.5999.001996.4129992.9501988.7285983.8646978.3779972.3843965.81031.71

29、000.61000.5999.001996.4129992.9501988.7285983.8646978.3779972.3843965.90361.81000.71000.6999.101996.5122993.0487988.8263983.9614978.4736972.4788965.90361.91000.71000.6999.101996.5122993.0487988.8263983.9614978.4736972.4788965.99692.0 1000.8011000.7999.201996.612993.1473988.9241984.0583978.5693972.57

30、34965.99692.1 1000.8011000.7999.201996.612993.1473988.9241984.0583978.5693972.5734966.09022.2 1000.9011000.801999.301996.7109993.2459989.0219984.1551978.6651972.5734966.09022.3 1000.9011000.801999.301996.7109993.2459989.0219984.1551978.6651972.6680966.18362.4 1000.0011000.901999.4004996.8102993.3446

31、989.1197984.1551978.7609972.6680966.18362.5 1000.0011000.901999.4004996.8102993.3446989.1197984.2520978.7609972.7626966.27692.6 1000.1011000.001999.5003996.8102993.3446989.1197984.2520978.8567972.7626966.27692.7 1001.1011000.001999.5003996.9096993.4433989.2175984.3489978.8567972.8573966.37032.8 1001

32、.2011000.101999.5003996.9096993.4433989.2175984.3489978.8567972.8573966.37032.9 1001.2011001.101999.6997.009993.5420989.3154984.4458978.9525972.9519966.46373.0 1001.3021001.201999.6997.009993.5420989.3154984.4458978.9525972.9519966.46373.1 1001.3021001.201999.7997.1084993.6407989.4133984.5427979.048

33、4973.0466966.55713.2 1001.4021001.302999.7997.1084993.6407989.4133984.5427979.0484973.0466966.55713.3 1001.4021001.302999.8997.2078993.7394989.5112984.5427979.1442973.1413966.65063.4 1001.5021001.302999.8997.2078993.7394989.5112984.6396979.1442973.1413966.65063.5 1001.5021001.402999.9997.2078993.739

34、4989.5112984.6396979.2401973.2360966.74403.6 1001.6031001.402999.9997.3073993.8382989.6091984.7366979.2401973.2360966.74403.7 1001.60251001.50221000997.3073993.8382989.6091984.7366979.3360973.3307966.83753.8 1001.07031001.50221000997.4067993.9370989.7070984.8336979.3360973.3307966.83753.9 1001.70281

35、001.60251000997.4067993.9370989.7070984.8336979.4319973.4255966.93104.0 1001.80321001.60251000.1997.5062994.0358989.805984.9306979.4319973.4255966.93104.1 1001.80321001.70281000.1997.5062994.0358989.805984.9306979.4319973.5202967.02454.2 1001.90361001.70281000.2997.6057994.0358989.9030985.0276979.52

36、79973.5202967.02454.3 1001.90361001.80321000.2997.6057994.1346989.9030985.0276979.5279973.6150967.11804.4 1002.0041001.80321000.3997.6057994.1346989.9030985.0276979.6238973.6150967.11804.5 1002.0041001.90361000.3997.7053994.2334990.001985.1246979.6238973.6150967.21154.6 1002.10441001.90361000.4997.7

37、053994.2334990.001985.1246979.7198973.7098967.21154.7 1002.10441002.0041000.4997.8048994.3323990.099985.2217979.7198973.7098967.30514.8 1002.20481002.0041000.4997.8048994.3323990.099985.2217979.8158973.8047967.30514.9 1002.20481002.0041000.5997.9044994.4312990.1970985.3188979.8158973.8047967.39875.0

38、 1002.30531002.10441000.5997.9044994.4312990.1970985.3188979.9118973.8995967.39875.21002.40571002.20481000.6998.004994.5301990.2951985.4158980.0078973.9944967.49235.41002.50621002.30531000.7998.1036994.6290990.3932985.5130980.0078974.0892967.58595.61002.60671002.40571000.801998.2032994.7279990.49139

39、85.6101980.1039974.1841967.67955.81002.70731002.50621000.901998.3029994.7279990.5894985.7072980.2974.2790967.77326.01002.80781002.60671001.001998.4026994.8269990.6875985.8044980.2960974.3740967.86686.21002.90841002.70731001.1012998.4026994.9259990.6875985.9016980.3922974.4689967.96056.41003.0091002.

40、70731001.2014998.5022995.0249990.7857985.9016980.4883974.5639968.05426.61003.10961002.80781001.3016998.6020995.1239990.8839985.9988980.5844974.5639968.14796.81003.21021002.90841001.3016998.7017995.2229990.9821986.0960980.6806974.6589968.24177.01003.31091003.0091001.4019998.8014995.3220991.0803986.19

41、33980.7768974.7539968.33547.21003.41161003.10961001.5022998.9012995.4211991.1785986.2906980.8730974.8489968.42927.41003.51221003.21021001.6025999.001995.4211991.2768986.3878980.9692974.9439968.52307.61003.6131003.31091001.7028999.1008995.5202991.3750986.4852981.0654975.039968.61687.81003.71371003.41161001.8032999.1008995.6193991.3750986.5825981.0654975.1341968.71068.01003.81451003.51221001.9036999.2006995.71