emerging from the shadow

1、Emerging from the shadow走出阴影After years of being treated like the USs poor cousin, Canada is increasingly demanding a place in the global spotlight.经过多年的被当做美国的难兄难弟，加拿大要求越来越高，在全球聚光灯下的地方。 The country has pulled through the downtown in better shape than most of its peers, with the healthiest banking sy

2、stem and strongest economic recovery in the Group of Seven wealthy nations. And that solid performance is fueling a growing assertiveness in a country often known for its reserve.这个国家经历了繁华更好的形状比拉大多数同行，用最健康的银行体系和强大的经济复苏七富裕国家集团。和稳健的表现是助长了经常以其储备的国家越来越自信。国家已经把穿过市中心的要好于多数同行，拥有健康的银行体系和强大的经济复苏，七国集团的。这是臭气熏天

3、的加速性能是在一个经常以其储备的国家日益增长的自信。Earlier this month, Canada said “no” to Anglo-Australian miner BHP Billitons $39 billion bid to buy fertilizer giant Potash Corp. of Saskatchewana move surprising for a country thats approved nearly every foreign takeover for the past 25 years and one that some saw as an at

4、tempt to take better control of the countrys natural resources.本月初，加拿大说“不”，以英澳矿业公司必和必拓的$39个十亿竞购萨斯喀彻温省，一个令人惊讶的，一个国家此举的批准几乎所有的外资收购在过去的25年，一个部分化肥巨头Potash公司看见了作为企图利用该国的自然资源，更好的控制。本月早些时候，加拿大说“不”，英澳矿商必和必拓出价390亿美元对于一个国家的批准，几乎买化肥巨头Potash Corp.的举动令人惊讶saskatchewan-a在过去的25年里，每一次外国的收购，都有人认为这是为了更好地控制该国的自然资源。 At

5、the same time, Canadian politicians are aggressively campaigning for free trade, seeking out new markets and trying to lessen the countrys dependence on the US. 原文与此同时，加拿大政治家正在积极竞选自由贸易，寻求新的市场，并试图以减轻该国对美国的依赖与此同时，加拿大的政治家们正积极争取自由贸易，寻求新的市场，并试图减少对美国的依赖。 In the global-summit sweepstakes, Canada hosted Jun

6、e meetings of G-8 and G-20 leaders, where it used its position to push its views on banking regulationjust as it used the February Olympic Games for a show of patriotism and an ambitious drive to capture medals.在全球峰会抽奖，加拿大主办八国集团和二十国集团领导人，它使用自己的立场，以推动其对银行业的看法中就像它使用的二月奥运会的爱国主义表演和雄心勃勃的6月的会议开车去捕捉奖牌。在全球峰

7、会上的抽奖活动，加拿大举办的六月会议的G8和G20的领导人，是用它的位置推进银行监管意见就用二月的奥运会一个爱国主义和一个雄心勃勃的驱动器来捕捉奖牌的显示。“When countries feel confident they tend to assert their national interests,” says Perry Spitznagel, vice-chair of law firm Bennett Jones LLP and organizer of a business forum last week titled” Canada Rising: “Our Future a

8、s a Global Economic Leader.”“当国家有信心，他们倾向于维护自己的国家利益，”佩里Spitznagel，律师事务所贝内特·琼斯LLP的副主席和上周题为“加拿大瑞星：”一个商业论坛的组织者说，我们的未来作为全球经济领袖“。“当国家有信心他们会维护自己的国家利益，”佩里说Spitznagel，副主席班尼特法律公司琼斯律师事务所和组织者上周商业论坛名为“加拿大上升：“我们的未来作为一个全球经济的领导者。” 原文Says Brian Lee Crowley, managing director at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute,

9、an Ottawa policy think tank, and lead author of “The Canadian CenturyMoving Out of Americas Shadow,” published in May. “We have the potential of enjoying a very long run of higher levers of economic dynamism, prosperity, success than the United States.”布赖恩说李·克劳利，在麦克唐纳 - 劳里埃研究所，渥太华政策智囊团的董事总经理，以及

10、“加拿大百年迁出美国的影子，”发表在五月第一作者。 “我们有享受很长的经济活力，繁荣，成功，比美国高杠杆运行的潜力。”布瑞恩说李克劳利，在麦克唐纳德饭店协会常务董事，渥太华政策智库，与“加拿大世纪走出美国的影子的第一作者，发表在五月。“我们有可能享受一个非常长期的经济活力，繁荣，成功比美国更高的杠杆。” O Really?哦？是真得吗？Perhaps, but as far as Canada has come, there are still obstacles to get past before it emerges fully from the shadow. The country

11、is one of the smaller of the big global economies the International Monetary Fund estimates its NO.9 this year, between Brazil and Russiaputting it at a disadvantage in terms of international heft. Canada also has consistently lagged behind peers in labor productivity, threatening to crimp future gr

12、owth. Its facing many of the same demographic challenges as other developed nations, with an aging population and ballooning costs for retirees and health care.也许吧，但据加拿大已经到来，仍有障碍，让过去它从影子完全出现之前。该国是全球大型经济体 - 中较小的一个国际货币基金今年估计其NO.9，-把俄罗斯就处于劣势的国际分量而言巴西之间。加拿大也一直落后于劳动生产率落后同行，威胁到卷曲未来的增长。它面临着诸多的其他发达国家相同的人口挑战

13、，为退休人员和保健人口老龄化和膨胀的成本。或许，但随着加拿大的到来，在它完全从阴影中出现之前，仍有障碍。该国是全球最大的经济体规模较小的国家之一-国际货币基金组织预计其今年第9号，巴西和俄罗斯之间放在国际影响力方面处于劣势。加拿大也一直落后于同龄人的劳动生产力Y，威胁着卷曲的未来增长。它面临着许多相同的人口挑战，其他发达国家，随着人口老龄化和退休人员的医疗成本飙升。Governmental instability has hampered the countrys ability to tackle thorny problems. For the past six years, none o

14、f Canadas four main parties has managed to get the support of a majority of the population. That has led to a succession of shaky minority governments and a national election almost every other year.政府不稳定阻碍了该国的解决棘手问题的能力。在过去的六年里，没有加拿大的四个主要政党已经设法获得大多数民众的支持。这导致了不稳定的少数政府的继承和全国大选，几乎每隔一年。政府的不稳定阻碍了该国处理棘手问题

15、的能力。在过去的六年里，没有一个加拿大的四个主要政党得到了多数的支持人口。这导致了一系列不稳定的少数民族政府和一个国家的选举几乎每隔一年。 Canadas global ambitions got a slap in October, when it was bested by Portugal in its quest for a temporary seat on the United Nations Security Council. During the past few months, the Canadian government has also fended over airp

16、lane landing rights with the United Arad Emirates, which has thrown Canadians into the country visa-free.加拿大全球抱负在十月得到了一巴掌，当它被葡萄牙在寻求击败了联合国安理会的临时座位。在过去的几个月里，加拿大政府也挡开了与美国阿拉德酋长国，它已抛出加拿大人进入该国免签证的飞机降落权。加拿大的全球野心在十月得到了一巴掌，当它被葡萄牙在其在联合国安理会临时座椅的任务。在过去的几个月里，加拿大政府政府也拒绝在飞机着陆的权利与阿拉德联合酋长国，已被纳入国家免签证的加拿大人。“We shouldn

17、t be immodest here,” says Janice Stein, director of the Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto. Because of Canadas smaller size” we have to lead by example, rather than lead in the way that the US and Europe can, which is to lead by the weight of who they are.”我们不应该在这里不正派，”贾尼斯

18、83;斯坦，在多伦多大学全球事务的芒克学校的主任。由于加拿大的尺寸更小的“我们必须要以身作则，而不是方式，美国和欧洲就可以了，这是由他们是谁的权重引领的领先优势。”“我们不应该在这里不谦虚地说，“珍妮丝Stein说，在多伦多大学的蒙克全球事务学院主任。因为加拿大的小规模“我们必须以身作则，而不是在美国和欧洲，这是一个由他们是谁领导的重量。”Southern Exposure南部的暴露Indeed, Canadas economic fate is ultimately tried to that of the superpower next door, which has an economy

19、 and population roughly 10 times larger. Canada has only a handful of world-beating companies, and many of its most promising stars are gobbled up by bigger global players. Ambitious Canadiansfrom actors like Michael J. Fox to architects like Frank Gehrytend to head south when they want to make it b

20、ig.事实上，加拿大的经济命运最终试图将超级大国的经济和人口规模约为10倍以上的超级大国。加拿大只有少数几家世界级的公司的，它的许多最有前途的明星都被更大的全球玩家吞并。雄心勃勃的加拿大人从演员像米迦勒·J·福克斯的建筑师Frank Gehry往往像南头当他们想使它大。The two countries have long been each others biggest trading partners, though the US has always been more important to Canada than Canada to the US. Canada

21、 last year bought nearly 20% of what the US exported, more than Mexico and Chinathe No.2 and 3 buyerscombined. The US in turn was the destination for nearly three-quarters of Canadas exports. Around a quarter of that was oil and gas, making Canada the USs biggest foreign energy supplier.长期以来，两国一直是彼此

22、最大的贸易伙伴，尽管美国一直对加拿大更为重要，而不是加拿大。去年加拿大买了近20%的美国出口，超过墨西哥和中国的第二和3个买家相结合。美国又是加拿大出口近四分之三的目的地。约四分之一的石油和天然气，使加拿大是美国最大的外国能源供应商。原文Canada is one of the USs closest military allies, too, though it parted ways on Vietnam and again on the invasion of Iraq in 2003. Yet Canadians say Americans arent always properly

23、appreciative of that relationshipparticularly when it comes to Afghanistan, where Canadas military has been racking up high casualty rates in the dangerous Kandahar region.加拿大是美国最亲密的军事盟友之一，虽然它在越南战争和伊拉克入侵的2003。然而，加拿大人说美国人不一定都很感激帽子的关系，尤其是当它涉及到阿富汗，在加拿大的军队一直在高伤亡率在危险的坎大哈地区。Nature and Nurture先天与后天The case

24、 for those who say Canadas star is on the rise starts with rocks and trees. Canada has a sizable manufacturing base and hefty financial-services industry, but it remains heavily commoditiesand resource-oriented, with energy products, metals, timber and agricultural goods accounting for around half o

25、f its C$370 billion ($362.8 billion) in export in 2009.对于那些说加拿大之星正在崛起的人来说，这是一个有着岩石和树木的开始。加拿大拥有庞大的制造业基地和庞大的金融服务业，但它仍然是一个沉重的商品第二资源为导向，以能源产品，金属，木材和农产品约占3700亿美元（3628亿美元）在2009出口的一半。The US has traditionally taken most of what Canada has to offer. But during the past few years, a number of new buyers with

26、a voracious demand for resourcesled by Chinaare starting to vie for Canadas oil, gas and minerals, pushing up prices and boosting investments.美国传统上采取了大部分的加拿大提供的。但在过去的几年里，一批资源以中国为首的贪婪需求新的买家开始争夺加拿大石油，天然气和矿产，推高价格，促进投资。Two Chinese firms have announced investments in Canadian oil-sands project in the fir

27、st half of this year alone, raising Chinas energy-deal volume with Canada to nearly $6 billion so far in 2010. That compares with $122 billion for all of 2005, according to data tracker Dealogic. Experts say theres a lot more to come.两家中国公司已经宣布在今年上半年在加拿大油砂项目投资，提高中国的能源交易量与加拿大的近60亿美元，到目前为止的2010。全髋关节置换

28、术T比所有2005美元1220亿，据数据追踪机构Dealogic统计。专家说有更多的来。“Theres going to be an explosion of Chinese investment in Canada,” says Derek Scissors, a research fellow at the Heritage Foundation in Washington, D.C., who tracks trends in Chinese mergers and acquisitions.“这里将是中国在加拿大投资的爆炸，”德里克说，剪刀，在华盛顿，华盛顿遗产基金会的研究员，他在中国

29、的并购使追踪趋势细叙述。To build stronger business ties with other countries, Canada has embarked on what the government of Prime Minister Stephen Harper dubbed an “aggressive” free-trade agenda, lauding the economic benefits of open market, urging international businesses to invest in the country and trumpetin

30、g its growing pile of free-trade agreements with countries from Panama and Colombia to Jordan.与其他国家建立更强大的业务联系，加拿大已开始对什么史蒂芬总理哈珀政府的被称为一个“激进”的自由贸易议程，崇尚经济效益的开放市场，鼓励国际企业投资国家和鼓吹其不断增长的来自巴拿马和哥伦比亚的国家签订的自由贸易协定的桩乔丹。Canada is trying to stake a claim to natural resources in another area that might prove vital in

31、 years to come: the Arctic. Countries from Russia to South Korea are increasingly interested in exploiting northern resources and developing a shipping channel through the Arctic Ocean, as rising temperatures make it more accessible. Canada has already claimed that Northwest Passage as domestic wate

32、rsthough the claim is disputed by the US and its trying to extend its mineral rights farther out into the Arctic Ocean. The country should try to put its stamp on how shipping and other Arctic battles play out, says Edward Greenspon, coordinator of a foreign-policy report published by the Canadian I

33、nternational Council earlier this year.加拿大正试图在另一个地区的自然资源的要求，在其他地区可能证明是至关重要的，在年来：北极。从俄罗斯到韩国国家在人才资源的开发越来越感兴趣北极的资源和开发一个海运通道通过北冰洋，随着温度的升高使它更容易接近。加拿大已经声称，西北通道作为国内waters-tHough的索赔是由美国的争议和它试图扩大其矿业权远入北冰洋。该国应该尝试把它的邮票放在如何运送和其他北极地区的战役中布局，爱德华说格里斯潘，由加拿大国际理事会今年早些时候发表的一项外交政策报告协调员。A Changing Relationship变化的关系More c

34、lout in the rest of the globe may give Canada more leverage in its talks with the US Canadian manufacturers were particularly hard hit by “Buy American” provisions in the US stimulus package, which prohibited projects from getting federal money to buy products made outside of the US.在世界其他地方的影响力可能会让加

35、拿大在与美国的谈判筹码是加拿大制造商遭受重创的“购买美国的经济刺激计划的美国”的规定，当我不允许从联邦政府的钱购买到美国以外的产品。The Canadian government was able to get most of the provisions waived for Canadian companies this year. Down the road, Canadas leaders may make more demandsfor instance, that America cut rules on food labeling that Canadian farmers fi

36、nd cumbersome, or ease shipping delays at the border due to increased security measures,foreign-affairs watchers say.加拿大政府今年可以获得加拿大公司的大部分规定。加拿大的领导们可能会提出更多的要求，比如说，美国的领导在佛外国事务观察家说，加拿大农民发现麻烦，或在边境缓解航运延误的原因是增加安全措施。Beyond trade,other changes might be afoot in the relationship between the two nations.Canad

37、a's strong banks and low corporate taxes could lure some business away from the US and to Canadian urban centers like Toronto.Financial firms uneasy about onerous regulations in the US may find Canada's stability appealing；companies deciding where to locate research and development arms coul

38、d be attracted by the investments Canada has made in its universities in recent years,even as many American academies have had to cut back.贸易之外，其他的变化可能发生在两国之间的关系。加拿大强大的银行和企业税收较低，可以吸引一些企业远离美国和加拿大城市分人喜欢多伦多，金融公司担心繁重的法规在美国可能会发现加拿大的稳定的吸引力；公司决定设立研发武器可以吸引最近几年，加拿大在其大学的投资，甚至在许多美国学校都不得不削减。“My hope is that peo

39、ple will rethink where they do their North American business from,”says Kevin Lynch,a former top-ranking civil servant who's now vice-chair of the BMO Financial Group.“我希望人们会重新考虑他们在那里做的北美业务，说：”凯文林奇，一名前高级公务员现在的BMO金融集团副主席。Good as Gold一诺千金Another Canadian strengtha hard-earned oneis the relative so

40、undness of the country's finances and currency.另一个加拿大强度的辛苦得到的是国家的财政和货币的相对性。Canada's government spent much of the 30years prior to 2000 in the red as the country invested heavily in health-care and welfare programs.The spending results in crippling budget deficits and a gross public debt that

41、 in 1995 surpassed the value of Canada's GDP,according to statistics from the IMF.加拿大政府花了30年前2000在红色作为国家的医疗和福利计划投入巨资，在沉重的财政赤字开支的结果和一个毛根据国际货币基金组织的统计数据，在1995超过了加拿大国内生产总值的价值的公共债务。The ballooning debt spooked investors and credit-rating agencies,leading to downgrades,a weak Canadian dollar,spiking in

42、terest rates and mutterings about capital flight and IMF bailouts.In response,Canada slashed expenditures and paid down debt,with the federal government in 1998 releasing its first balanced budget in nearly 30 years.By 2008,Canada's debt-to-GDP ratio had fallen to 70around the same level as the

43、US's,according to the IMF.不断膨胀的债务吓坏投资者和信用评级机构，导致降级，疲软的加元，扣球对资本外逃和IMF的救助利率和嘀咕。对此，CA娜达削减支出和偿还债务，与联邦政府在1998发布其第一平衡预算在近30年。2008，加拿大的债务占GDP的比例已经下降到70%左右按照国际货币基金组织的水平。Canada's fiscal austerity has helped the country keep debt levels relatively low,even after the financial crisis spurred additional

44、 spending to stimulate the economy.It has one of the lowest debt-to-GDP ratios in the G-7,and the only one that's projected to fall over the next few years.加拿大的财政紧缩政策已帮助该国保持相对较低的负债水平，即使在金融危机促使人们增加开支以刺激经济。它有一个最低的debt-to-g在七国集团的DP的比率，和唯一的一个，预计在未来几年下降。Pundits point out that in many ways the reforms

45、 of the past 15 years have reversed the roles of Canada and the US Canada's economy grew faster than its southern neighbor's during the first two quarters of the year,and it's watching the value of its currency rise,even as the greenback falls.权威人士指出，在过去15年的改革中，加拿大和美国加拿大的经济增长速度超过了其南部在第二季

46、度的增长速度是一年，这是看其货币价值上升，即使美元下挫。In addition,Canadas six big banks escaped the financial crisis nearly unscathed due to a mix of strict regulation and conservative banking and borrowing practices.They faced fewer defaults and had less in loan losses than did lenders in the US or Europe.Some have posted r

47、ecord profits during the past few quarters,even as peers south of the border struggle.此外，加拿大的六大银行躲过了金融危机几乎毫发无损地归因于严格的监管和保守的银行和借贷的做法。他们面临较少的违约和有乐贷款损失比美国和欧洲的贷款损失要多，一些人在过去几个季度的利润记录中获利，即使是在南部边境斗争中。“Canada is attaining the rewards of fiscal responsibility,”says Frank McKenna, a former Canadian ambassador

48、 to the US who's now deputy chairman at Toronto-Dominion Bank.“The US is paying a price for profligacy.”“加拿大是实现财政责任的回报，”一位前加拿大驻美国大使麦克纳说，他现在是多伦多自治领银行的副主席。rofligacy。”“加拿大获得财政责任的回报，”弗兰克·麦肯纳，前加拿大驻美国大使谁现在是在多伦多道明银行金融集团副主席表示，“美国正在支付挥霍的代价。”Conservative but Brash保守而傲慢Canadian leaders are working har

49、d to parlay that national prudence into international clout. Prime Minister Harper and his cabinet ministers are talking up the countrys banking prowess abroad, arguing that Canadas track record ought to give it a greater say in matters of global financial regulation.加拿大的领导人正在努力把国家谨慎的国际影响力。哈珀总理和他的内阁部长们正在讨论该国银行的实力外，认为加拿大的历史记录应该在全球金融监管方面有更大的发言权。Earlier in the year, Canadian politicians led a fight against the idea of setting global standards for taxing lenders to stockpile funds in advance of a crisis, arguing that well-regulated banks dont need such a system to keep them out of trouble. C