英语简单句的五种基本类型一览表(共5页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英语简单句的五种基本类型一览表广义上讲,文章的最小单位是句子.句子才是文章的最基本的组成部分.高考题中的书面表达除了对考生的怎么笔头表达的整体结构有所要求外,更重要的是看考生的语句的使用情况是否正确、是否得当、是否地道。因此，只有熟练地掌握了句子的基本类型和常用句型，考生才能灵活自如的发挥自己的写作才能。而句子的灵魂是动词，在句子中，动词起了不可或缺的作用。现将句子的基本类型及常用句型分述如下：（一）句子的基本类型类型1：主语+谓语（+状语）Example1:主语谓语句义1Fire burns.火燃烧。2Birdsfly.鸟飞翔。3We allbreathe,eat,

2、 and drink.我们都呼吸、吃饭、喝水。4The moonhas risen.月亮已经升起来了。5The sunwas shining.太阳照耀着。Example 2:主语谓语状语（副词/介词短语/名词）名义1He workshard.他努力工作。2Sheis workingquickly.她快速的走着。3It was rainingheavily.下雨得很大。4We will arrivesoon.我 我们很快会到达。5He stoodthere.他站在那儿。6Sheis readingin the sun.她在阳光下读书。7The rainlastedall day.雨下了一整天.8

3、They had travelleda long way.他们已经走了很长的路。9We waitedtwo hours.我们等了两小时。10It weighstwo tons.它重两吨。11Westayedthe whole night.我们呆了整整一个晚上。12Hemay live many years.他也许能活好多年。Example3:主语谓语状语(不定式/分词)句义1We stoppedto have a rest.我们停下来休息一会儿.2I returned to get my book.我回来取书.3He arrivedonly to find the bus leaving.他到

4、达时却发现车正离开.4He stoodthere,begging.他站在那儿乞讨.5Sheran.followed by a dog.她跑着,后面跟着一条狗.类型2: 主语+谓语+宾语Example1:主语谓语宾语(名/代)句义1Hecuthis finger.他割伤了他的手指.2Wehave already hadbreakfast.我们已经吃过了早饭.3A babycan not dressitself.婴儿不能自己穿衣.4Welita fire.我们点起了一堆火.5Iduga hole.我挖了一个洞.Example2:主语谓语宾语(不定式)句义1Ihave promisedto help

5、 them.我已经答应帮助他们.2They decided not to go.他们绝不会去.3He pretendednot to see me.他假装没有看见我。4We planned to buy it.我们计划买下它。5He agreedto pay for it.他同意负担它的费用。6Iwonderhow to do it.我茫然不知如何做。7I dont knowwhat to do.我不知道怎么办。8Shewas wonderingwhich to buy.她正不知买哪个好。9Youmust rememberwhen to begin.你必须记住何时开始。10Idont know

6、where to go.我不知去哪儿。Example 3:主语谓语宾语(动名词)句义1Heenjoysplaying chess.他喜欢下棋。2Theyremembereddoing it.他们记得曾做过此事。3Shedont mindmy smoking.她不介意我吸烟。4Wesuggestedchanging it.我们建议改变它。5Hecouldnt helplaughing.他忍不住大笑起来。Example4:主语谓语宾语从句句义1Ihope(that) you will come here.我希望你来这里。2Isuppose(that) you will be there.我猜想你会

7、在那里。3Heexplained(that) nothing could be done.他解释说什么都没做。4Idont think(that) it will rain tomorrow.我认为明天不会下雨。5He saw(that) the plan was useless.他明白那计划没用。6I suggested(that) he should leave early.我建议他早些离开。7Iwonderwhy he has not come.我想知道他为什么没来。8Iwonderwhether(if) he will come.我想知道他是否会来。9Ido not mindwhere

8、 we go.我们去哪里我都不介意。10Heknowswho she is.他知道她是谁。11Ido not carewhat you think.我不在乎你怎么想。12Nobodyknowswhose it is.没人知道它是谁的。类型3:主语+谓语+表语Example 1:主语系动词表语句义1This isa book.这是一本书。2This bookismine.这本书是我的。3Theyarehard-working.他们很勤劳。Example 2:主语系动词表语句义1The boylooksa smart boy这孩子看起来很伶俐。2This filmseemsmoving.这部电影似

9、乎很动人。3Youappearall right.你好像身体很好。4Hegotdrunk.他喝醉了。5Sheturnedpale at the thought.一想到这，她脸变得苍白。6The roombecamecrowded soon.房间很快拥挤起来。7The wellrandry.井干了。8The foodwentbad.食物发霉了。9Sheremainedcalm.她保持冷静。10The shopstaysopen until 12.商店营业直到现在12点。11The toolproved(to be) useful.这工具证明很有用。12Cottonfeelssoft棉花摸上去很柔

10、软。13Ifeltpuzzled and upset.工感到困惑不安。14Her songsoundssweet.她的歌听起来很甜。15The foodtastesdelicious.这食物尝起来很可口.16Flowerssmellpleasant.花儿闻起来很怡人.17Hekeepssilent all day.他一整天不说话.类型4：主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语Example1:主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语句义1Igavemy friendthe money.我给了朋友钱。2They told us the news.他们告诉我们这消息。3Weshowedour teachersthe pictu

11、res.我们给老师看了照片。4Ididnt lendanybodymy books.我没有把书借给任何人。5Heofferedmesome money.他给了我一些钱。6Iowethe tailorten pounds.我欠裁缝十英镑。7Hehandedherthe salt.他把盐递给了她。8Iwill bringthemsome peanuts.我将给他们带些花生。Example2:主语谓语直接宾语to介词宾语句义1Igavethe money.tomy friend我给了朋友钱。2They told the news.tous 他们告诉我们这消息。3Weshowedthe picture

12、s.toour teachers我们给老师看了照片。4Ididnt lendmy books.toanybody我没有把书借给任何人。5Heofferedsome money.tome他给了我一些钱。6Ioweten pounds.tothe tailor我欠裁缝十英镑。7Hehandedthe salt.toher他把盐递给了她。8Iwill bringsome peanuts.tothem我将给他们带些花生。Example3:主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语句义1Iboughtmy wifea gold watch.我给妻子买了一块金表。2Theysavedmesome money.他们给我储蓄了

13、一些钱。3Shemadeherselfa new dress.她给自己做了一套新衣服。4I lefthimsome food.我给他留了些食物。5Hegotmetwo tickets.他给我买了两张票。6Ididhima favor.我帮了他一个忙。Example4:主语谓语直接宾语for间接宾语句义1Iboughta gold watch.formy wife我给妻子买了一块金表。2Theysavedsome money.forme他们给我储蓄了一些钱。3Shemadea new dress.forherself她给自己做了一套新衣服。4I leftsome food.forhim我给他留了

14、些食物。5Hegottwo tickets.forme他给我买了两张票。6Idida favor.forhim我帮了他一个忙。类型5：主语谓语宾语宾语补足语Example1:主语谓语宾语(名/代)宾补(不定式to do)句义1Iaskedherto open the window.我要她打开窗户.2Hewantsmeto be early.他想要我早到.3Helikeshis wife.to dress well.他喜欢妻子穿得漂亮.4Iwarnedhimnot to be late.我警告他不要迟到.5Sheallowedmeto smoke here.她允许我在这儿吸烟.Example2:

15、主语谓语宾语(名/代)宾补(不定式to be)句义1Theybelievedhim(to be) innocent.他们相信他是无辜的.2Weconsiderher(to be) honest.我们认为她是诚实的.3Iconsiderit(to be) a shame.我认为这是一个耻辱.4We thinkTom(to be) bright.我们认为汤姆聪明.5Weprovedhim(to be) wrong.我们证明了他是错误的.Example3:主语谓语宾语(名/代)宾补(省to的不定式)句义1Imadehimfinish the job.我让他做完那件工作.2Youmustnt lett

16、he matterrest here.你不可让这事停下来。3Iwill havehimdo the work.我会让他做这件工作。4Hehelpedme(to) carry the box.他帮我搬箱子。5Iheardsomeonecome in.我听到有人进来。6Wesawthemgo out.我们看见他们出去了。7Ifeltthe houseshake.我感到房子摇动。8Shenoticedthe thiefleave the shop.她看到贼离开了商店。Example4:主语谓语宾语（名/代）宾补(现在分词)句义1Isawhimrunning off.我看到他跑开了。2Ismeltso

17、methingburning.我闻到有东西在燃烧。3Wewatchedherleaving.我们看着她离去。4Ifeltthe houseshaking.我感到房子在摇动。5Theyleftmestanding outside.他们留下我站在外边。6Wefoundthemworking.我们发现他们在在工作。7Shekeptmewaiting.他让我久等。8He heardsomeoneshouting for help.他听到有人喊救命。Example5:主语谓语宾语（名/代）宾补（过去分词）句义1Youmust getyour haircut.你必须要理发了。2Shehada new capmade.她找人做了顶新冒子。3Wehearda songsung.我们听到有人唱歌。4Hesawthe housebroken into.他看到房子被破门而入。5Theyfoundhimbeaten.他们发现他被人打了。Example6:主语谓语宾语（名/代）宾补（形容词）句义1Hegothis shoesdirty.他把鞋子弄脏了。2Itkeepsuswarm.它使我们