可溶解吸收的蒸餾後乾燥穀物(玉米酒糟)在豬飼料配方中的優點及特性ppt课件

1、Benefits & Limitations of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles for Swine Diets 可溶解吸收的蒸餾後乾燥穀物(玉米酒糟)在豬飼料配方中的優點及特性主講人羅 任 芬茂生飼料股份資料來源：Bob Thaler 博士 SDSU Extension Swine Specialist美國南達科達大學養豬推廣專家.United States Ethanol Outlook美國酒精業展望.Protein is one of the more expensive components of a ration 蛋白質是飼料中比較昂貴成

2、份之一Usually, no other feedstuff combination provides an equivalent nutrient balance at an equal price to a corn-SBM ration 通常，在一样本钱前提下，任何飼料原料組合都不能提供像玉米豆粉型飼料所提供的平衡養份Protein Sources 蛋白質來源(一).Pigs require amino acids, not protein 豬需求的是氨基酸，而非蛋白質。Soybean meal is the “Gold Standard by which all amino acid

3、sources are measured against 豆粉是衡量一切氨基酸來源的“黃金標準Protein Sources 蛋白質來源(二)With the tremendous growth of the Ethanol industry, there are ever-increasing amounts of DDGS available for livestock rations 隨著酒精工業飛速發展，越來越多DDGS可供家畜飼料所用.Protein Sources 蛋白質來源(三)DDGS does have limitations that must be considered

4、必須留意，DDGS確實存在一些限 制要素DDGS is a protein/amino acid source that can work in swine diets DDGS是一種可以應用在豬飼料中的蛋白質氨基酸來源.Variations in Nutrient Quality 營養成份存在的差異9 DDGS samples (Cromwell et al, 1993) 9個DDGS樣本Dry matter 乾燥物質87-93%Crude protein 粗蛋白23-29%Crude fat 粗脂肪 3-12%Lysine 氨基酸.59-.89%Color light golden to

5、dark brown 顏色：淺金黃色到深褐色Smell sweet to smoky or burnt 氣味：以甜味到煙味或燒焦味Biggest concern with DDGS 對於DDGS最大的擔憂.Low Quality, Less Digestible DDGS 低品質、低消化率的DDGSHigh Quality, Highly Digestible DDGS 高品質、高消化率的DDGSEffect of Processing Method on DDGS Quality 加工方法對DDGS品質的影響.Nutrient Variability 營養成份的變異性(一)Lysine =

6、.78% average 氨基酸=平均.78%However, from 6 samples from the same plant: 但是，來自同终身產工廠6個樣本的氨基酸含量差異郤很大： Lysine ranged from .65 to .97% (1998) 氨基酸的範圍從0.65到0.97% 199849% increase from lowest value 比最低值添加49%.Nutrient Variability 營養成份的變異性(二)From May 2002 to April 2003, 789 samples of DDGS were analyzed for prot

7、ein and it ranged from 20.9 to 37.7% at a commercial lab 從2002年5月到2003年4月，789個DDGS樣本的商業實驗室分析結果顯示：蛋白質的含量從20.9到37.7%.Sources of Variation 營養成份變異的來源(一)Variation in corn used所运用的玉米存在差異Basically triple the nutrient value of corn to get the nutrient value in the resulting DDGS 得到DDGS的養份含量根本上是玉米中該養份含量值的3倍C

8、orn with .23% lysine = DDGS with .69% lysine 含0.23%氨基酸的玉米=含0.69%氨基酸的DDGSCorn with .27% lysine = DDGS with .81% lysine 含0.27%氨基酸的玉米=含0.81%氨基酸的DDGSType of plant: Old v.s New 工廠的類型：新廠和老廠.Sources of Variation 營養成份變異的來源(二)Within-plant variations (yeast, temperature, etc) 生產廠內部每批生產之間的變異酵母，溫度等Nutrient avai

9、lability due to processing 加工條件對營業成份利用率的影響Over-heating has a tremendous impact on amino acid availability 過熱對氨基酸利用率有極大的影響.Dry Milling ProcessCorn玉米GroundCooked發酵FermentationDistillers Grains蒸餾DistilledSeparatedThin StillageCondensed SolublesEthanol酒精DDG + SCO2Alpha amylase-淀粉酶Yeast &gluco-amylase酵母和

10、葡糖淀粉酶液體部份Liqui-faction分離酒糟乾燥壓榨加工過程粉碎熟化 稀薄的餾餘物 和濃縮殘液玉米酒糟.Specifications for DDGS for Swine Diets豬飼料中DDGS規格Moisturemaximum of 12% 水份 26.5%Crude fatminimum of 10% 粗脂肪 10%Crude fiber maximum of 7.5% 粗纖維 10%) DDGS添加量高于10%if diets are formulated using digestible amino acids 假设飼料配合以可消化氨基酸為基礎.DDGS Incorpora

11、tion in Swine Diets豬飼料中添加DDGS(二)Total vs available phosphorus basis 以總磷或有效磷為基礎配製飼料Formulating diet on an available P basis increases economic benefit and reduces P content of manure 以有效磷含量為基礎配製飼料，可添加經濟效益並降低糞便中的磷含量Properly sample each load of DDGS & use a conservative digestibility factor to determin

12、e the amount of digestible nutrients 準確地對每批DDGS採樣並採用保守的消化率係數來判斷可消化養份的總量.Appropriate Inclusion Rates適當的添加量Phase階段Starting Point起始添加量Maximum Inclusion Rate最大添加量Nursery保育期(7 kg)5%25%Grow-Finish生長育肥期10%20%Gestating sows妊娠期20%50%Lactating sows泌乳期5%20%Boars 公猪20%50%.Mycotoxins 黴菌毒素(一)Mycotoxins are a conc

13、ern, especially for gestation and lactation diets 關注黴菌毒素，尤其對于妊娠和泌乳期飼料Check with the plant to see if they are buying damaged corn 查詢廠家，看他們能否購買了發黴的玉米mycotoxin level in corn will be tripled in the resulting DDGS 玉米中的黴菌毒素在DDGS中將會被擴大3倍.Mycotoxins 黴菌毒素(二)Start with a low inclusion rate for sows and work y

14、our way up to your maximum comfort level 開始時以低標準的量添加给母豬，直到找到本人豬場最適合的添加標準.Health Benefits? 有益于安康？(一)Many producers have reported that including 10% or more DDGS is effective in controlling ileitis and Hemorrhagic Bowel Syndrome 許多養殖者報導說添加10%或更多DDGS可以有效控制迴腸炎和腸出血综合症U of MN observed DDGS additions: 在明尼蘇

15、達大學的實驗中，觀察到添加DDGS後： helped maintain small intestine integrity 有助於维持小腸的完好性No differences in growth, morbidity, or mortality 豬的生長率、發病率或者死亡率没有改變.Health Benefits? 有益于安康？(二)SDSU research saw no benefit to either DDGS or soy hull additions during an ileitis challenge. 南達科達州立大學的研讨發現在回腸炎發病期間添加DDGS或大豆皮對該病没有效

16、果.Effect of Challenge on Growth Rate刺激生長性能的試驗結果TrtP=.02TrtP=.02a,b different superscripts indicate difference between treatment groups (P0.05).a,b上標不同字母表示不同處理组間差異顯著P 0.05aaabaaab刺激後21天 刺激後35天平均日增重(磅).Effect of Diet on Fecal Shedding via PCR Analysis 用PCR技術分析不同飼料對糞便排泄病源體的影響abaaabab天數0天14天21天28天a,b di

17、fferent superscripts indicate difference between treatment groups (P0.05).a,b上標不同字母表示不同處理组間差異顯著P 0.05.Health Benefits? 有益于安康？(一)“Two anecdotes do not make one fact “两件軼事不能構成一個事實Veterinarians report that DDGS is effective against ileitis/HBS about only 50% of the time 獸醫報導說，DDGS有效抵禦迴腸炎和腸出血综合症的機率僅為50%

18、。.Health Benefits? 有益于安康？(二)Use caution when applying an economic value to DDGSs health benefits until they can be quantified 對於DDGS有益于安康的說法賦予經濟價值時應該謹慎，直到能夠對這些有益作用進行確定用量時為止。.Effect of DDGS on Carcass QualityDDGS對畜體品質的影響(一)U of Minnesota looked at 0, 10, 20, & 30% DDGS in grow-finish diets 明尼蘇達大學在生長育

19、肥猪飼料中添加 0、10、20和30%DDGSNo difference in gain 穀物添加量不變Improvement in feed efficiency as DDGS level increased 隨著DDGS添加量添加，飼料效率得到改善.Effect of DDGS on Carcass QualityDDGS對畜體品質的影響(二)Muscle size and fat depth not affected 肌肉量和脂肪厚度未受影響Fat quality negatively affected at the 30% DDGS level (higher levels of u

20、nsaturated oil) 當添加30%DDGS時，對脂肪品質有負面影響DDGS中含有高量的不飽和油脂.Fat Quality Characteristics of Market Pigs Fed Corn-Soy Diets Containing 0 to 30% DDGS餵飼含DDGS 030%玉米-豆粉飼料的上市豬脂肪品質比較0 %10%20%30%Belly thickness, cm 腹部厚度，公分3.15a3.00a,b2.84a,b2.71bBelly firmness score, degrees腹部緊實度（評分），度 27.3a24.4a,b25.1a,b21.3bMea

21、ns within a row lacking common superscripts differ (P .05).上標字母不同表示不同處理组間差異顯著p.05.Storage Concerns儲存中的留意事項DDGS contains 10% corn oil unsaturated fat DDGS含10%玉米油(不飽和脂肪)More subject to rancidity 很容易發生酸败Maximum storage: 最長儲存期限Winter = 3 months 冬季 = 3個月Summer = 1 month 夏季 = 1個月“Flowability in bulk bins

22、may be a problem 在散装桶中流動能够是一個問题.When to Use DDGS? 何時應用DDGS?.Economic Calculations 經濟分析(一)DDGS provides lysine, phosphorus, and energy DDGS可提供氨基酸、磷以及能量 Replaces SBM, corn, & dicalcium phosphate 可替代豆粉、玉米和磷酸二鈣.Economic Calculations 經濟分析(二)90.9 kg DDGS &1.36 kg limestone replaces 90.9千克 DDGS 和 1.36千克 石灰石可取代80.9 kg corn, 8.6 kg of 4