马克思英文介绍精编版课件

1、马克思英文介绍精编版课件马克思英文介绍精编版课件KARL HEINRICH MARX:AN ANALYSIS OF SOCIALISMSebastian| Professor Panaccione| GERM1020-001 Elementary German IIKARL HEINRICH MARX:AN ANALYSISIE SIND ENTSETZT BER UNSERE ZU TUN BEABSICHTIGT ENTFERNT MIT PRIVATEM EIGENTUM. ABER IN DER BESTEHENDEN GESELLSCHAFT, PRIVATEIGENTUM IST

2、BEREITS FR NEUN ZEHNTEL DER BEVLKERUNG; DIE EXISTENZ DER WENIGEN AUSSCHLIELICH AUFGRUND IHRER NICHT-EXISTENZ IN DEN HNDEN DER NEUN-ZEHNTEL. SIE WERFEN UNS DESHALB, MIT ABSICHT, EINE FORM VON EIGENTUM, DIE NOTWENDIGE VORAUSSETZUNG FR DEREN EXISTENZ IST DIE NICHT-EXISTENZ VON EIGENTUM FR DIE BERWIEGEN

3、DE MEHRHEIT DER GESELLSCHAFT.“Karl Marx The Communist ManifestoSIE SIND ENTSETZT BER UNSERE“YOU ARE HORRIFIED AT OUR INTENDING TO DO AWAY WITH PRIVATE PROPERTY. BUT IN YOUR EXISTING SOCIETY, PRIVATE PROPERTY IS ALREADY DONE AWAY WITH FOR NINE-TENTHS OF THE POPULATION; ITS EXISTENCE FOR THE FEW IS SO

4、LELY DUE TO ITS NON-EXISTENCE IN THE HANDS OF THOSE NINE-TENTHS. YOU REPROACH US, THEREFORE, WITH INTENDING TO DO AWAY WITH A FORM OF PROPERTY, THE NECESSARY CONDITION FOR WHOSE EXISTENCE IS THE NON-EXISTENCE OF ANY PROPERTY FOR THE IMMENSE MAJORITY OF SOCIETY.”Karl Marx The Communist Manifesto“YOU

5、ARE HORRIFIED AT OUR INTEWHO IS KARL HEINRICH MARX?Karl Heinrich Marx was a 19th century German philosopher, political economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist, whose ideas played a significant role in the development of social science and the so

6、cialist political movement. WHO IS KARL HEINRICH MARX?KarlTABLE OF EVENTS Karl Hirschel Marx was born in Trier, Germany, Son of Hirschel and Henrietta Marx May 5, 1818 Enrolled in the Trier High School where he studied philosophy and social science. Attended the University of Bonn with the intent to

7、 study philosophy and literature. Instead, at his fathers insistence studied law Attended the University of Berlin at his fathers request to continue the study of law. Studied the philosophy of G.W.F. Hegel and other radical philosophers.1818183018351836-1841TABLE OF EVENTS Karl HirschelTRIER, KINGD

8、OM OF PRUSSIA GERMANYMarx was born May 5, 1818 in Trier, Germany which is located in the southwest of Germany near Luxemburg. Trier is the oldest city in Germany founded in or before 16 BC and is ranked fourth among the largest cities.TRIER, KINGDOM OF PRUSSIA GERMKARL MARXS CHILDHOODKarl Marxs fath

9、er; Herschel Marx, was born Ashkenazi Jewish, converted from Judaism to the Protestant Christian denomination of Lutheranism to continue practicing law after a Prussian order denied Jews the bar.Karl Marx was privately educated until 1830, when he was enrolled in the Trier High School where he studi

10、ed philosophy and social science. The school was raided in 1832 by police because of the liberal humanist views taught to the students in angst of the Prussian government. KARL MARXS CHILDHOODKarl MarxUNIVERSITY OF BONN AND UNIVERSITY OF BERLINLike his father Karl Marx pursued the study of law. Marx

11、 enrolled at the University of Bonn. While at Bonn, Marxs studies were diluted by his frolicking and irresponsible lifestyle. Marx accrued a great deal of debt and was injured in a duel. Heinrich Marx paid off his sons debts and insisted on his enrollment at Berlin University. At the more conservati

12、ve University of Berlin, Karl Marxs studies improved dramatically. It was at the Berlin University that he was introduced to the philosophical writings of G. W. F. Hegel by Bruno Bauer, a outspoken atheist and political radical. Marx later becoming involved with a group of radical thinkers the Young

13、 Hegelians. UNIVERSITY OF BONN AND UNIVERSIN CONTRAST.the United States from 1820 to 1870 propagated as a consequence of two major reformations: the Second Great Awakening, resembling the religious movement of Great Awakening in the eighteenth century and the natural goodness of man; defined as tran

14、scendentalism. Religion was probably the foremost motivating influence behind shaping the method of American perception. Because of immigration, the boom-and-bust cycles of market economy, rising inequality, the increase of western settlement, and territorial expansion in the United States, American

15、s had difficulty keeping up with changes that were perceived as outside of ones control. Social reform movements such as temperance, reform of penitentiaries and asylums, antimasonry, abolition and womens rights were the results of a period of religious renewal in the United States after the War of

16、1812.IN CONTRAST.the United StateTABLE OF EVENTS Marx engaged to Jenny von Westphalen, daughter of a Prussian aristocrat. Writing fiction and non-fiction, Marx completes his short novel, Scorpion and Felix and his one act play Oulanem Marx completes his doctorial thesis, The Difference Between the D

17、emocitean and Epicuurean Philosophy of Nature submitted to the university of Jena for his PhD Moves to Cologne to begin writing for the radical newspaper Rheinische Zeitung, liberal-democratic journal suppresed by the Prussian authorities.1836183718411842TABLE OF EVENTS Marx engaged TABLE OF EVENTS

18、Published On the Jewish Question and Contribution to Critique of Hegels Philosophy of Right Marries Jenny von Westphalen in Bad Kreuznach, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Karl Marx and Jenny move to Paris. In Paris, Marx meets German socialist Friedrich Engels, radical son of a German industralist Ma

19、rx wrote The Economic and Philosophical ManuscriptsMarx and Engels publish Die Heilige Familie The Holy FamilyMarx wrote Thesis on Feuerbach1843184318441845TABLE OF EVENTS Published On KARL MARX AND FRIEDRICH ENGELSMarx and Engel met in Paris in 1844. They discovered that they shared similar views o

20、f philosophy and socialism. As Engels wrote after their first meeting “complete agreement in all theoretical fields.”KARL MARX AND FRIEDRICH ENGELSDie Heilige Familie Die Heilige Familie was written with Friedrich Engels as a critique on the Young Hegelians and their school of thought. Marxs publish

21、er suggested the title of the book, The Holy Family, as a satirical reference to the Bauer Brothers. Die Heilige Familie Die HeiligTABLE OF EVENTS Exiled from France, Marx and Engel emigrate to Brussels and reconnects with other socialist exiles, including Moses Hess, Karl Heizen and Joseph Weydemey

22、er Marx creates the Communist Correspondence Committee. Marx and Engels wrote The German Ideology and The Poverty of Philosophy Marx and Engel publish Manifest der Kommunistischen partei Europe experiences the Revolutions of 1848 Within a month of the publishing of The Manifesto Marx and Engels are

23、exiled from Brussels. Marx returns to Cologne. Set up a German Workers Club Issues a handbill entitled the Demand of the Communist Party of Germany18451846-184718481848TABLE OF EVENTS Exiled from FMANIFEST DER KOMMUNISTISCHEN PARTEII: BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS“The history of all hitherto existing s

24、ociety is the history of class struggles.Freemen and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guildmaster and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight that each time ended, eithe

25、r in a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contended classes.” MANIFEST DER KOMMUNISTISCHEN P“CAPITALIST PRODUCTION, THEREFORE, DEVELOPS TECHNOLOGY, AND THE COMBINING TOGETHER OF VARIOUS PROCESSES INTO A SOCIAL WHOLE, ONLY BY SAPPING THE ORIGINAL SOURCES OF

26、 ALL WEALTH - THE SOIL AND THE LABOURER.” KARL MARXMarx considered that socio-economic conflicts have historically developed in stages:Primitive CommunismSlaveFeudalismCapitalism SocialismCommunism“CAPITALIST PRODUCTION, THERETABLE OF EVENTSExpelled from Prussia after his acquittal in trial for high

27、 treason. Karl Marx publishes The Eighteen Brumaire of Louis Bonaporte International Workingmens Association founded Marx publishes Das Kapitel Jenny Marx, Marxs eldest daughter, died. 2 months later Karl Marx died in London.184918521864-18671883TABLE OF EVENTSExpelled from WORKERS DEMOCRACY“Capital

28、ism, like previous socioeconomic systems, would unavoidably produce internal tensions which would lead to its destruction. Just as capitalism replaced feudalism, Marx believed socialism would, in its turn, replace capitalism, and lead to a stateless, classless society called pure communism. This wou

29、ld emerge after a transitional period called the dictatorship of the proletariat: a period sometimes referred to as the workers state or workers democracy“”WORKERS DEMOCRACY“Capitalism,MARXISMVarious states around the globe have modeled Marxism as a base for their own politics and policies after Marxs death in 1883. In the 20th century the following countries had