专业艺术英语-中国戏曲-Chinese-Opera课件

ChineseOpera中国戏曲ChineseOperaContentsIntroductionVarietiesPekingOperaContentsIntroductionVarietiesPIntroduction-----ChineseOperasChineseOperahasbeenacknowledgedasoneofthegreatestancientdramasintheworld,parallelingtheComediesandTragediesofGreeceandtheSanskrit（梵文）DramaofIndia.TheChineseoperaisatraditionalformofstageentertainment,weavingtogetherelementsofmime,dance,song,dialogue,swordplay,andacrobaticsintoonefluidcontinuousflow.Gestures,movementsandexpressionsincorporatedwithineachperformer'sscriptcometogethertobringforthanimpressiveperformance.Introduction-----ChineseOpeIntroduction-----ChineseOperasIncontrasttoWesternstageentertainment,whichissubdividedintodifferentcategoriessuchasopera,dramaandsketches（幽默短剧）,Chineseoperahasremainedfaithfultoitsoriginalformatoverthecenturies.Theirorigincanbetracedbacktoprimitivesocietybuttheprototype(雏形)forChineseoperaactuallyappearedintheSongdynastyabout800yearsago.Introduction-----ChineseOpeIntroduction-----ChineseOperasAlthoughsharingacommonancestry,Chineseoperaboastsover300variousdistinctforms-takingtheirnamesfromtheirplacesoforigin.Theseformsaregenerallydiscernible（可是别的）

bytheiruseoflocaldialectsanddistinct'melodies'.Beijingoperaisconsideredbymosttobethemostrefined.AlsowidespreadarePingjuOpera,KunquOpera,ShaoxingOpera,HenanOpera,SichuanOpera,ShanxiOpera,HuangmeiOpera,HuaguOperaandYangkoOpera.SomeChineseethnicminoritygroupshavesomelocalformofoperas.

Introduction-----ChineseOpeVarietiesNorthernBeijingopera京剧Errenzhuan二人转

(NortheastChina)Hebeibangzi河北梆子(Hebei)Jiju吉剧

(Jilin)Lüju吕剧

(Shandong)Pingju评剧

(Hebei)Puju蒲剧

(Shanxi)Qinqiang/Qindynastyopera秦腔

(Shaanxi)Shandongbangzi(Shandong)Shanxibangzi(Shanxi)VarietiesNorthernSouthern(main)Cantoneseopera(Guangdong)ChaozhouoperaGanju/Yiyangqiang(Jiangxi)Huju(Shanghai)KunquLiyuanoperaPuppetoperaShaoxingopera/Yueju(Zhejiang)Suzhouopera(Suzhou)TaiwaneseoperaWuju(Jinhua)Southern(main)VarietiesofChineseOperaOver300typesalltogetherBeijingOpera（京剧）YueOpera（越剧）HuangmeiOpera（黄梅戏）YuOpera（豫剧）PingOpera（评剧）KunOpera（昆剧）HebeiClapperOpera（河北梆子）ChuanOpera（川剧）YueOpera（越剧）LuOpera(吕剧）VarietiesofChineseOperaOverBeijingOpera（京剧）BeijingOpera,oncecalled'PekingOpera',isthemostinfluentialandrepresentativeofalloperasinChinaandhasahistoryofover200years.BeijingOperaisnoticeableforfourhighlysystemizedcategoriesofsinging,acting,recitingandacrobaticfighting.BeijingOpera（京剧）BeijingOperTheFourrolesinBeijingOperaTheFourrolesinBeijingOpeFamousPlaysinBeijingOperaTheGatheringOfHeroes《群英会》TheEmptyCity《空城计》The

OrphanoftheZhao《赵氏孤儿》TheFemaleGeneralsoftheYang《杨门女将》RedLantern《红灯记》TheSparksinReedMarshes《芦荡火种》ToTaketheWeihuMountainbyStrategy《智取威虎山》FamousPlaysinBeijingOperaTYueOpera越剧YueOperaisalocaloperapopularinthesouthernregionsoftheChangjiangRiver.YueOperahasahistoryofnearly100years.ThefamousperformerYuanXuefen（袁雪芬）,contributedsignificantlytothereformofthisopera.WellknownplaysincludeTheButterfly’sLove《梁山伯与祝英台》,TheDreamofRedMansions《红楼梦》andTheWestChamber《西厢记》.

YueOpera越剧YueOperaisalocaHuangmeiOpera黄梅戏HuangmeiOpera,oncecalled'HuangmeiTune'（黄梅调）,isalocaloperainAnhuiProvince,wasbasicallyderivedfromthe'CaichaTune'（采茶调,tea-pickingtunes）ofHuangmeicounty.TheHuangmeiOperausesthetalentsofthewell-knownperformer,YanFengying（阎凤英）,andthetraditionalplaysareTheHeavenlyMaidandtheMortal《天仙配》andFemaleSon-in-LawoftheEmperor《女驸马》。HuangmeiOpera黄梅戏HuangmeiOperYuOpera豫剧YuOpera,alsocalled'HenanClapperOpera'（河南梆子）or'HenanHighTune'（河南高调）,isamajorlocaloperainHenanProvinceandenjoysnationwidepopularity.Therearemorethan600traditionalplaysintherepertoireofYuOpera,amongthemarePlayingShortSpears《对花枪》andTheBeheadingofChenShimei《铡美案》.ThemostfamousperformerisChangXiangyu（常香玉）.YuOpera豫剧YuOpera,alsocallePingOpera评剧PingOperaisatraditionaloperawidelypopularinBeijing,Tianjin,NorthandNortheastChina.Itisespeciallygoodatreflectinglifeofurbanpeopleandhasgainedgreatfavorfrompeoplebothinruralandurbanareas.ClassicplaysincludeFlower,aMatchmaker《花为媒》andDuShiNiang《杜十娘》,tonamejustafew.RepresentativeperformersareXiaoBaiYushuang（小白玉霜）andXinFengxia（新风霞）.PingOpera评剧PingOperaisatrKunOpera昆曲KunOpera,alsocalled'KunshanQiang'(昆山腔)',originatedintheKunshanregionofJiangsuProvince.ItisoneofChina'sclassicaloperaswithahistoryofmorethan600years.ThetraditionalplaysofKunOperaincludeThe

InjusticetoDouE《窦娥冤》,TheWestChamber《西厢记》,ThePeachBlossomFan《桃花扇》,ThePeonyPavilion《牡丹亭》andPalaceofEternalYouth《长生殿》.TherepresentativeperformersareYuZhenfei（俞振飞）andHongXuefei（洪雪飞）.KunOpera昆曲KunOpera,alsocalHebeiClapperOpera河北梆子HebeiClapperOperaisalocaloperawhichoriginatedinHebeiProvince,yetalsobecameverypopularinBeijing,TianjinandsomeregionsofHebei,Liaoning,Jilin,Heilongjiang,InnerMongoliaandShandongProvinces.RepresentativeplaysincludeTheGeneralsoftheYang《杨家将》,LotusLantern《宝莲灯》andQinXianglian《秦香莲》.HebeiClapperOpera河北梆子HebeiCChuanOpera川剧ChuanOperaisoneoftheoldestlocaloperasinChina,mainlyprevalentinSichuanprovinceandpartsofYunnanandGuizhouprovinces.TherearesomeuniqueandrarefeaturesofChuanOperausedtodepict（描绘）certaincharacters.Forexample,theactorswithathirdeyeontheirforeheadcansuddenlyopenitandhaveaninsightintothepastandthefuture;someactorscanchangetheirfacialmake-upswithaquickswingofthehead;andsomeareproficientatjumpingthroughburninghoopsorhidingswords.Theyareperfectlyintegratedwiththeplotoftheplay,themoodandthepersonalityofthecharacters.ChuanOpera川剧ChuanOperaisonYueOpera粤剧YueOperaisamajoroperaprevalentinareaswherepeoplespeakGuangdongdialect,suchasGuangdongandGuangxiprovinces,HongKong,MacaoandoverseasChinesecommunitiesinSoutheastAsia.Itsorchestra(管弦乐队)

hasadoptedWesterninstrumentssuchasviolin,saxophone,cello(大提琴)

anddoublebass(大贝斯或低音提琴),inadditiontoChinesetraditionalinstrumentslikeErhe（二胡）,Gaohu（高胡）,Sanxian（三弦）,andYueqin（月琴）.Inacting,stagesceneryandlighting,thetechniquesofmoderndramaandWesternoperahavebeenintegrated.AleadingactressisHongXiannu（红线女）YueOpera粤剧YueOperaisamaj

ChineseMusicalInstrumentswindinstruments(吹奏乐器)bowedstringinstruments(拉弦乐器)pluckedstringinstruments(弹拨乐器)percussioninstruments.(打击乐器)ChineseMusicalInstrumentswWindorBlowingInstruments吹奏乐器Thewindinstrumentsaremainlymadeofbambooorwoodandareintheformofapipe.Theycanproducesmoothandsonorous(调子高的，响亮的)soundbywindblowingthroughthepipe.ThereisavarietyofwindinstrumentsusedinChinesemusic,amongthemaretheDizi,XiaoandSheng.Theseplayakeyroleinvariousmusicalensembles（重奏）.WindorBlowingInstruments吹奏WindorBlowingInstruments吹奏乐器笛箫笙唢呐WindorBlowingInstruments吹奏BowedStringInstrument拉弦乐器

Thebowedstringinstrumentsproducefromthevibrationofthestringssweetsoundandrichtonecolors.

MostofChinesebowedstringinstrumentsbelongtotheHuqin（胡琴）group,suchastheErhu,theGaohuandtheBanhu,theformertwohavesoundingmembranes(薄膜)madeofpython(蟒蛇)skin,whilethelateronehasawoodensoundingboard.Theycanexpressprofoundfeelingsanddisplayexquisite(精湛的)skillsoftheperformer.

BowedStringInstrument拉弦乐器ThBowedStringInstrument拉弦乐器二胡京胡板胡BowedStringInstrument拉弦乐器二胡京PluckedStringInstrument弹拨乐器Thepluckedstringinstrumentsareplayedbypluckingthestringswithfingersorplectrums(弦拨).Therearevariouskindsofpluckedstringinstrumentsmadeofdifferentforms.ThegroupofthepluckedstringinstrumentmainlyincludestheGuqin,ZhengandPipa.PluckedStringInstrument弹拨乐器TPluckedStringInstrument弹拨乐器筝琵琶阮

三弦扬琴PluckedStringInstrument弹拨乐器筝Percussion打击乐器ThehistoryofpercussioninstrumentsinChinaislongerthananyothercategoryoftraditionalinstruments.Thecharacterof'drum'wasfirstfoundintheinscriptionsonbonesandtortoiseshellsoftheShangDynasty.ChinahasanenormousvarietyofpercussioninstrumentsandthemorepopularonesaretheGu,Zhong,

BoandLuo,whichcanmakesoundsfullofappealsandlocalcolor.Percussion打击乐器ThehistoryofpPercussion打击乐器青铜编钟

编磬

锣钹鼓木鱼Percussion打击乐器青铜编钟编磬锣钹鼓木鱼专业艺术英语_中国戏曲_Chinese_Opera课件PekingOperaHistoryofPekingOperaRolesofPekingOperaFacialmasksPekingOperaHistoryofPekingBriefIntroductionBeijingoperaorPekingoperaisaformoftraditionalChinesetheatrewhichcombinesmusic,vocalperformance,mime,danceandacrobatics<杂技>.TheformwasextremelypopularintheQingDynastycourtandhascometoberegardedasoneoftheculturaltreasuresofChina.IthasalsospreadtoothercountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandJapan.BriefIntroductionBeijingopeBeijingoperawasbornwhenthe"FourGreatAnhuiTroupes"broughtAnhuiopera,orwhatisnowcalledHuiju,toBeijingin1790,forthebirthdayoftheQianlongEmperor.Beijingoperawasoriginallystagedforthecourtandcameintothepubliclater.In1828,somefamousHubeitroupescametoBeijing.TheyoftenjointlyperformedinthestagewithAnhuitroupes.ThecombinationgraduallyformedBeijingopera'smelodies.Beijingoperaisgenerallyregardedashavingfullyformedby1845.AlthoughitiscalledBeijingopera(Beijingtheatrestyle),itsoriginsareinthesouthernAnhuiandeasternHubeiBeijingoperaisnotactuallyamonolithic<单块的>form,butratheracoalescence<联合>ofmanyolderforms.

DevelopmentBeijingoperawasbornwhenth

Performersutilizetheskillsofspeech,song,dance,andcombatinmovementsthataresymbolicandsuggestive,ratherthanrealistic.Theskillofperformersisevaluatedaccordingtothebeautyoftheirmovements.Performersalsoadheretoavarietyofstylisticconventionsthathelpaudiencesnavigate

theplotoftheproduction.Thelayersofmeaningwithineachmovementmustbeexpressedintimewithmusic.BeijingoperaarebasedonChinesehistory,folklore,and,increasingly,contemporarylife.PerformersutilizetheskillsBeijingoperawasinitiallyanexclusivelymalepursuit.TheQianlongEmperorhadbannedallfemaleperformersinBeijingin1772.Theappearanceofwomenonthestagebeganunofficiallyduringthe1870s.Femaleperformersbegantoimpersonatemalerolesanddeclaredequalitywithmen.By1894,thefirstcommercialvenueshowcasingfemaleperformancetroupesappearedinShanghai.Thisencouragedotherfemaletroupestoform,whichgraduallyincreasedinpopularity.Asaresult,theatreartistYuZhenting俞振庭petitioned（请愿）fortheliftingofthebanafterthefoundingoftheRepublicofChinain1911.Thiswasaccepted,andthebanwasliftedin1912.Beijingoperawasinitiallyan●TherolesontheChineseoperastagefallinto

fourcategories:Sheng,Dan,JingandChou.

●Theseroleshavethenaturalfeaturesofageand

sex,aswellassocialstatus,andare

artificiallyexaggeratedbymakeup,costume<戏服>andgestures.●京剧在塑造人物方面有其独特的造型语言。它把不同性别、性格、年龄、身份的人物划分为不同的行当，一般说来有"生、旦、净、丑"四大行当。由于京剧人物造型形象鲜明、风格多样，有强烈的剧场效果，常常更易于激起观众的欣赏兴趣。

●TherolesontheChineseoperShengamalerole,usuallyaleadingone,datesbacktoSouthernDramaoftheSongandYuanDynasties(960-1368).Thisroleappearsinoperasinallhistoricalperiods.Shengfallsintothreesub-groups:Laosheng,Xiaosheng,WushengShengamalerole,usuallyaleSheng老生/《甘露寺》

小生/《柳荫记》

Sheng老生/《甘露寺》

小生/《柳荫记》

Laoshengismeaningbeardedmen,becausetheactorswearartificialbeards,andtheyaremiddle-agedorelderlymen.Mostareupright(正直)andresolute（刚毅）characters.Theysingintheirnaturalvoices,andtheiractionsareseriousones.Xiaoshengrepresentsyoungmalecharacters.Theydon'twearartificialbeards.Theyalwayssingintheirrealvoices,whileinKunquandPihuangoperasthesingingmixesnaturalandfalsettovoices.

LaoshengismeaningbeShengWushengstandsforallofthemalecharacterswhoappearinbattlescenes.Theyalwayswearhelmetsandthick-soledboots.Thegeneralsalwayscarrylongpikesorshort-handledweapons,.Wushengrolescallforsturdyandvigorousactions,withresounding(洪亮的）declamations.Themovementsofthewaistandlegsarepowerful,andahighlevelofmartialartsskillsisdemandedintheseroles.ShengWushengstandsforallofDanDanisthegeneralterminPekingOperaforfemaleroles.AsearlyasintheSongDynasty(960-1279),theDanroleappeared.SouthernDramaandNorthernZaju,whichdevelopedduringtheSongandYuanDynasties(960-1368)Nowadays,theDanrolesaresubdividedintoZhengdan(orQingyi),Huandan,WudanandLaodanDanDanisthegeneralterminZhengdanrolewasthemainDanroleintheNorthernZaju.Zhengdanreferstoyoungormiddle-agedwomenwithgentleandrefineddispositions.MostofZhengdan'slinesaredeliveredinsong,andeventhespokenpartsarerecitedinrhythmicstyle.Alwaysdressedinabluegown,ZhengdanisalsocalledQingyi(blueclothes).饰演大家闺秀和有身份的妇女称为"正旦"，正旦在京剧中俗称"青衣"，这就是因为正旦所扮演的角色常穿青色的长衫而得名青衣的表演庄重娴静，秀雅柔婉，以唱功为主，一般说来，青衣的唱腔旋律优美，细腻婉转。

ZhengdanrolewasthemainDanDanHuadanisaroleforavivaciousmaiden,ayoungwomanwithafrankandopenpersonality,orawomanofquestionablecharacter.

旦行中的"花旦"，多扮演天真活泼或放荡泼辣的青衣妇女，在表演上注重做工和念白，例如《红娘》中的红娘.

DanHuadanisaroleforavivaDang青衣/《贵妃醉酒》花旦/《拾玉镯》Dang青衣/《贵妃醉酒》花旦/《拾玉镯》WudanreferstofemalecharactersskilledinthemartialartsandcanbesubdividedintoDaomadanandWudan,accordingtothesocialpositionsandskillsrepresented.Daomadanisgoodatusingpikesandspears,andatridinghorses.Wudanalwayswearsshortrobesandtheroleemphasizesacrobatics.Wudanplaysgodsandghostsandhasexcellentfightingskills.武旦"和"刀马旦"相当于生行中的武生，扮演的是擅长武艺的青壮年妇女，装扮和武生差不多，也扎靠服，她们多在剧中扮演女侠、女将甚至女仙、女妖等。武旦和刀马旦的表演往往还伴随着热闹的锣鼓点，烘托场上的气氛WudanreferstofemalecharactLaodanusuallyrepresentsagedwomen.Shesingsintheirnaturalvoices,inastylesimilartothatofLaoshengbutinmildertones.老旦指在剧中扮演老年妇女的角色行当。为突出老年人的特点，走路迈一种沉稳的横八字步，服装色调为色彩偏暗的秋香色、墨绿色，演唱用真声表现。Laodanusuallyrepresentsaged

武旦/《穆桂英》老旦/《秦香莲》

武旦/《穆桂英》老旦/《秦香莲》JingJingreferstopainted-faceroles,knownpopularlyasHualian.Thedifferentcolorsanddesignsonthefacesrepresentmaleswithdifferentcharacteristics.Someareboldandvigorousandsomearesinister<邪恶的>,ruthless,crudeandrash(鲁莽).Thevoiceisloudandclear,andthemovementsareexaggerated.Therolesrepresentmenofhighsocialstandingandgoodbehavior,oftencourtministers."净"角脸部化妆最为丰富彩。"净"因面部化妆要用各种色彩和图案勾勒脸谱，所以又俗称"大花脸"。一般扮演品貌或者性格有特点的男子，在京剧中多为将军或有一定社会地位的人JingJingreferstopainted-facJing武净/《战宛城》铜锤/《打龙袍》

Jing武净/《战宛城》铜锤/《"末"也属老生类，但在年龄上应更老，思维糊涂，生活在底层的老人。由于化妆时在鼻梁上抹以小块白粉而俗称"小花脸"，又同净角的大花脸、二花脸并列而俗称"三花脸"。"末"也属老生类，但在年龄上应更老，思维糊涂，生活在底层的老

ChouTheChouisoneofthemainrolesinPekingOpera.Theeyesandnosearesurroundedbyawhitepatch,soChouisalsoknownasXiaoHuaLian(partlypaintedface).TheChourolesoriginatedinSouthernDramaoftheSongandYuandynasties(960-1368)剧中的"丑"角演员又称为"小花脸"。"丑"行的化妆虽与大花脸有点相象，可是他的表演风格却完全不同，有点像夸张的漫画。丑角的出场常会带来满堂的笑声theChourolesaredividedintotwocategories:Wenchou(civilian)andWuchou(martial).ChouTheChouisoneofthemaChou文丑/《群英会》

武丑/《连环套》Chou文丑/《群英会》

武丑/《连环套》Wuchourequiresnotonlyagoodcommandofthemartialartsoracrobatics,butalsotheabilitytodeliverthelinesbothclearlyandfluently.Themovementsshouldbelightandpowerful.武丑扮演的经常是一些机警风趣、武艺高超的人物，象绿林好汉、侠盗小偷等等。"文丑"经常扮演花花公子、狱卒、酒保、更夫、老兵等。不管文丑或武丑，虽有文武善恶、身份高低之分，在剧中都是幽默、滑稽的喜剧人物，也并不都是反派。

WuchourequiresnotonlyagooBeijingOperafacialmasks京剧脸谱BeijingOperafacialmasks京剧脸谱ThefacialmakeupinChineseopera,isaspecialfeatureofanationalcosmetic.

Aseachhistoricalfigureoracertaintypeofpersonhasanapproximatespectraltype,likesing,playmusictothemusic,socalled“typesoffacialmakeupinoperas”.Onthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperassources,thegeneralviewisfrommask.ThefacialmakeupinChineseoBeijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperasarebasedoncertainpersonality,temperamentorsomespecialtypesoffiguresfortheuseofcertaincolors.京剧脸谱，是具有民族特色的一种特殊的化妆方法。由于每个历史人物或某一种类型的人物都有一种大概的谱式，就像唱歌、奏乐都要按照乐谱一样，所以称为“脸谱”.关于脸谱的来源，一般的说法是来自假面具。根据某种性格、性情或某种特殊类型的人物为采用某些色彩的。BeijingoperatypesoffacialRedhasexpressedhisWarriorsofstrongtypesoffacialmakeupinoperassuchasGuanYu,JiangWeiandChangYuchun.红色有脸谱表示忠勇士义烈，如关羽、姜维、常遇春.RedhasexpressedhisWarriorsBlacksaidthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperasmingcriticizedpeople,integrity,braveryandevenreckless,suchasZhangFei,LiKui黑色的脸谱表示刚烈、正直、勇猛甚至鲁莽，如包拯、张飞、李逵等张飞BlacksaidthetypesoffacialYellowtypesoffacialmakeupinoperasthatviciousbrutality,suchasYuwenChengdu,andDianWei.黄色的脸谱表示凶狠残暴，如宇文成都、典韦.YellowtypesoffacialmakeupBlueorgreentypesoffacialmakeupinoperasthatsomeofthefiguresrepresentedirritable,suchasDouAmbassador,MaWu.蓝色或绿色的脸谱表示一些粗豪暴躁的人物，如窦尔敦、马武等.窦尔敦BlueorgreentypesoffacialGeneraltreacherouscourtofficialsaidthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperaswhite,badguys,suchasCaoCao,ZhaoGao.白色的脸谱一般表示奸臣、坏人，如曹操、赵高等曹操Generaltreacherouscourtoffi

Goldandsilverareusedonfacesofdeities,spiritsanddemons.

金色/银色：用于佛祖和神仙一类人物以及一些比较有法力的精怪，如如来佛、二郎神京剧脸谱：如来佛二郎神Goldandsilverareusedonf

ClassicWorks京剧经典ClassicWorks京剧经典"Farewell,MyConcubine”霸王别姬"Farewell,MyConcubine”霸王别姬"MuGuiyingtakescommand"梅兰芳晚年编演的《穆桂英挂帅》"MuGuiyingtakescommand"梅兰芳导入《玉堂春》剧照导入《玉堂春》剧照京剧《昭君出塞》尚小云扮演的王昭君ZhaojunLefttheFortress京剧《昭君出塞》尚小云扮演的王昭君ZhaojunLeftQinXianglian京剧《秦香莲》剧照张君秋饰演的秦香莲QinXianglian京剧《秦香莲》剧照张君秋饰演的秦香"Threeforks"经典京剧《三岔口》中，表现出黑夜搏斗的场面"Threeforks"经典京剧《三岔口》中，表现出黑夜TopScholarasMatchmaker

京剧《状元媒》谭孝曾饰宋王、王蓉蓉饰柴郡主TopScholarasMatchmaker京剧《状导入《秋江》童芷苓（左）饰道姑陈妙常，王泗水（右）饰艄翁

《秋江》剧照导入《秋江》《秋江》剧照导入荀慧生《红娘》京剧《红娘》剧照导入荀慧生《红娘》京剧《红娘》剧照UproarinHeaven《大闹天宫》剧照《大闹天宫》中的一个场面（1961年摄）UproarinHeaven《大闹天宫》剧照《大闹天宫》TheDrunkenBeauty《贵妃醉酒》TheDrunkenBeauty《贵妃醉酒》央视:MadamWhiteSnake常规译:LegendoftheWhiteSnake

白蛇传央视:MadamWhiteSnake白蛇传鸿门宴HongmenBanquet(afeastormeetingsetupasatrapfortheinvited)鸿门宴HongmenBanquet

theRomanceoftheWestchamber

西厢记

theRomanceoftheWestchamb专业艺术英语_中国戏曲_Chinese_Opera课件TheDrunkenBeautyTheDrunkenBeauty赵氏孤儿“Sacrifice”（牺牲）

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OrphanoftheZhao赵氏孤儿“Sacrifice”（牺牲）

TheOrphaTheFairyScatteringFlowersAStartlingDreamofWanderingThroughtheGardenBeautyDefiesTyranny宇宙锋MuGuiyingTakesCommandTheFisherman’sRevenge打渔杀PhoenixReturnstoitsNestTheRedLanternThreeKingdomsambition天女散花三国志红灯记凤还巢游园惊梦穆桂英挂帅TheFairyScatteringFlowers天女

FamousArtists FamousArtistsHislifeinartwasfulloffragrance(芳)whentheflowers(梅plum,兰orchid)blossomSecretofthename梅

mei,plum(flower)兰

lan,orchid(flower)芳

fang,fragrance

“TheFourGentlemen”-plum,orchid,chrysanthemumandbamboo(梅兰菊竹).HislifeinartwasfulloffrMeiLanfangQueenofPekingOpera

TraditionallyonlymenperformedPekingOpera,includingthefemaleroles—andMeiLanfangwasthemaster.Duringhisstagelife,Meiembellishedtraditionsofthepastwithhisowncreations,shapingastyleofhisown,andgavebirthto“TheMeiLanfangSchool.”HewasalsothefirstartisttointroducePekingOperatoanoverseasaudience,winninginternationalrecognitionacrosstheglobe.MeiLanfangQueenofPekingOp专业艺术英语_中国戏曲_Chinese_Opera课件专业艺术英语_中国戏曲_Chinese_Opera课件

Homework

Doyouknowanyotherminoritycharacters?Pleaseintroduceoneofthem. Homework

DoyouknoThankYou!ThankYou!知识回顾KnowledgeReview知识回顾KnowledgeReviewChineseOpera中国戏曲ChineseOperaContentsIntroductionVarietiesPekingOperaContentsIntroductionVarietiesPIntroduction-----ChineseOperasChineseOperahasbeenacknowledgedasoneofthegreatestancientdramasintheworld,parallelingtheComediesandTragediesofGreeceandtheSanskrit（梵文）DramaofIndia.TheChineseoperaisatraditionalformofstageentertainment,weavingtogetherelementsofmime,dance,song,dialogue,swordplay,andacrobaticsintoonefluidcontinuousflow.Gestures,movementsandexpressionsincorporatedwithineachperformer'sscriptcometogethertobringforthanimpressiveperformance.Introduction-----ChineseOpeIntroduction-----ChineseOperasIncontrasttoWesternstageentertainment,whichissubdividedintodifferentcategoriessuchasopera,dramaandsketches（幽默短剧）,Chineseoperahasremainedfaithfultoitsoriginalformatoverthecenturies.Theirorigincanbetracedbacktoprimitivesocietybuttheprototype(雏形)forChineseoperaactuallyappearedintheSongdynastyabout800yearsago.Introduction-----ChineseOpeIntroduction-----ChineseOperasAlthoughsharingacommonancestry,Chineseoperaboastsover300variousdistinctforms-takingtheirnamesfromtheirplacesoforigin.Theseformsaregenerallydiscernible（可是别的）

bytheiruseoflocaldialectsanddistinct'melodies'.Beijingoperaisconsideredbymosttobethemostrefined.AlsowidespreadarePingjuOpera,KunquOpera,ShaoxingOpera,HenanOpera,SichuanOpera,ShanxiOpera,HuangmeiOpera,HuaguOperaandYangkoOpera.SomeChineseethnicminoritygroupshavesomelocalformofoperas.

Introduction-----ChineseOpeVarietiesNorthernBeijingopera京剧Errenzhuan二人转

(NortheastChina)Hebeibangzi河北梆子(Hebei)Jiju吉剧

(Jilin)Lüju吕剧

(Shandong)Pingju评剧

(Hebei)Puju蒲剧

(Shanxi)Qinqiang/Qindynastyopera秦腔

(Shaanxi)Shandongbangzi(Shandong)Shanxibangzi(Shanxi)VarietiesNorthernSouthern(main)Cantoneseopera(Guangdong)ChaozhouoperaGanju/Yiyangqiang(Jiangxi)Huju(Shanghai)KunquLiyuanoperaPuppetoperaShaoxingopera/Yueju(Zhejiang)Suzhouopera(Suzhou)TaiwaneseoperaWuju(Jinhua)Southern(main)VarietiesofChineseOperaOver300typesalltogetherBeijingOpera（京剧）YueOpera（越剧）HuangmeiOpera（黄梅戏）YuOpera（豫剧）PingOpera（评剧）KunOpera（昆剧）HebeiClapperOpera（河北梆子）ChuanOpera（川剧）YueOpera（越剧）LuOpera(吕剧）VarietiesofChineseOperaOverBeijingOpera（京剧）BeijingOpera,oncecalled'PekingOpera',isthemostinfluentialandrepresentativeofalloperasinChinaandhasahistoryofover200years.BeijingOperaisnoticeableforfourhighlysystemizedcategoriesofsinging,acting,recitingandacrobaticfighting.BeijingOpera（京剧）BeijingOperTheFourrolesinBeijingOperaTheFourrolesinBeijingOpeFamousPlaysinBeijingOperaTheGatheringOfHeroes《群英会》TheEmptyCity《空城计》The

OrphanoftheZhao《赵氏孤儿》TheFemaleGeneralsoftheYang《杨门女将》RedLantern《红灯记》TheSparksinReedMarshes《芦荡火种》ToTaketheWeihuMountainbyStrategy《智取威虎山》FamousPlaysinBeijingOperaTYueOpera越剧YueOperaisalocaloperapopularinthesouthernregionsoftheChangjiangRiver.YueOperahasahistoryofnearly100years.ThefamousperformerYuanXuefen（袁雪芬）,contributedsignificantlytothereformofthisopera.WellknownplaysincludeTheButterfly’sLove《梁山伯与祝英台》,TheDreamofRedMansions《红楼梦》andTheWestChamber《西厢记》.

YueOpera越剧YueOperaisalocaHuangmeiOpera黄梅戏HuangmeiOpera,oncecalled'HuangmeiTune'（黄梅调）,isalocaloperainAnhuiProvince,wasbasicallyderivedfromthe'CaichaTune'（采茶调,tea-pickingtunes）ofHuangmeicounty.TheHuangmeiOperausesthetalentsofthewell-knownperformer,YanFengying（阎凤英）,andthetraditionalplaysareTheHeavenlyMaidandtheMortal《天仙配》andFemaleSon-in-LawoftheEmperor《女驸马》。HuangmeiOpera黄梅戏HuangmeiOperYuOpera豫剧YuOpera,alsocalled'HenanClapperOpera'（河南梆子）or'HenanHighTune'（河南高调）,isamajorlocaloperainHenanProvinceandenjoysnationwidepopularity.Therearemorethan600traditionalplaysintherepertoireofYuOpera,amongthemarePlayingShortSpears《对花枪》andTheBeheadingofChenShimei《铡美案》.ThemostfamousperformerisChangXiangyu（常香玉）.YuOpera豫剧YuOpera,alsocallePingOpera评剧PingOperaisatraditionaloperawidelypopularinBeijing,Tianjin,NorthandNortheastChina.Itisespeciallygoodatreflectinglifeofurbanpeopleandhasgainedgreatfavorfrompeoplebothinruralandurbanareas.ClassicplaysincludeFlower,aMatchmaker《花为媒》andDuShiNiang《杜十娘》,tonamejustafew.RepresentativeperformersareXiaoBaiYushuang（小白玉霜）andXinFengxia（新风霞）.PingOpera评剧PingOperaisatrKunOpera昆曲KunOpera,alsocalled'KunshanQiang'(昆山腔)',originatedintheKunshanregionofJiangsuProvince.ItisoneofChina'sclassicaloperaswithahistoryofmorethan600years.ThetraditionalplaysofKunOperaincludeThe

InjusticetoDouE《窦娥冤》,TheWestChamber《西厢记》,ThePeachBlossomFan《桃花扇》,ThePeonyPavilion《牡丹亭》andPalaceofEternalYouth《长生殿》.TherepresentativeperformersareYuZhenfei（俞振飞）andHongXuefei（洪雪飞）.KunOpera昆曲KunOpera,alsocalHebeiClapperOpera河北梆子HebeiClapperOperaisalocaloperawhichoriginatedinHebeiProvince,yetalsobecameverypopularinBeijing,TianjinandsomeregionsofHebei,Liaoning,Jilin,Heilongjiang,InnerMongoliaandShandongProvinces.RepresentativeplaysincludeTheGeneralsoftheYang《杨家将》,LotusLantern《宝莲灯》andQinXianglian《秦香莲》.HebeiClapperOpera河北梆子HebeiCChuanOper