考研考博-英语-山东劳动职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东劳动职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

______wassheinLondonthansherangupheroldfriendJane.

问题1选项

A.Nosooner

B.Assoon

C.Onlywhen

D.Rarelywhen

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。Nosooner…than…为固定用法，表示“一……就……”，故A项符合题意。B项assoon和as搭配，表示“一……就……”；C项后面接句子，表示“只有当……”；D选项没有这个用法。句意：她一到伦敦就给她的好朋友简打电话。故正确答案为A。

2.单选题

Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably（

）reportwithinafewhundredwordsbutwithalltheimportantdetailsincluded.

问题1选项

A.concise

B.brisk

C.precise

D.elaborate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项concise“简明的；简洁的”；B选项brisk“敏锐的；活泼的；轻快的”；C选项precise“精确的；明确的；严格的”；D选项elaborate“精心制作的；详尽的；煞费苦心的”。句意：新秘书写了一份出色的……报告，只有几百字，但包括了所有重要的细节。“只有几百字”说明这篇报告是“简洁的”，A选项正确。

3.单选题

SomestatesintheUShaveset（）standardsconcerningmathandsciencetests.

问题1选项

A.energetic

B.vigorous

C.rigorous

D.grave

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项energetic“精力充沛的，积极的”，B项vigorous“有力的”，C项rigorous“严厉的，严格的”，D项grave“重大的，严肃的”；根据空格后面的standard（标准）以及关键词mathandsciencetests（数学和科学测试），结合句子的语境，只有C项符合。句意：美国的一些州已经为数学和科学考试设置了严格的标准。因此，该题选择C项正确。

4.单选题

Thedifferencebetweenavianfluandhumanfluthatshouldbecommandingourraptattentiontodayisthatavianinfluenza,specificallytheH5N1strainknownasbirdflu,threatenstobecometheyoungpeople’splague.Anditisagrowingcontendertocauseadevastatingworldwidepandemicinthenextfewyears.

Wearetoousedtothinkingoffluasanannualannoyancethatkillsonlythefrailandelderly.Butthatjustisn’tthecaseforH5N1.Withamortalityrateofover50percent,thisbirdfluhaskilledover110people,strikingtheyoungandable-bodiedthehardest.Itsvictimsclusterpredominantlyamong5-to-30-year-old,apatternthathasheldupinthe34knowntohavediedfrombirdflusofarthisyear.

Thisvulnerabilitymaystemfromtherobustandfast-respondingimmunesystemsoftheyoung.Thevictimsoverreacttothealienvirus,triggeringamassiveimmuneresponsecalledacytokinestorm,turninghealthylungsintoasoddenmassofdyingtissuescongestedwithblood,toxicfluid,andrampaginginflammatorycells.Asairspaceschokeoff,thebodylosesoxygenandotherorgansfail.

ScientistshaverecentlyshownthatH5N1hasominousparallelswiththedevastating1918flupandemic,whichalsojumpeddirectlytohumansfrombirdsanddisproportionatelyattackedtheyoungandthestrong.Withapatternhighlysuggestiveofacytokinestorm,deathsometimescamewithinjusthours,turningmanyWorldWarItroopshipsintodeathships.

Nowimaginehundredsofthousandsofyoungpeoplelaboringonrespirators,orlyingaloneincorridorsandmakeshifthospitalrooms,toosicktobehelpedwhenthesupplyofbeds,equipment,andtrainedstaffrunout.Seemlikehype?Nottothemedicalexpertswhodiscussedthesescenariosduringlastweek’st/.5*.NewsHealthSummitonemergencypreparedness.

ThispictureputsafaceontheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,projectionsthat,if

H5N1mutatesintoareadilyhuman-transmissiblefrom209,000to1.9millionAmericanscoulddie.PartofourreadinessthinkingshouldbetoheedthebluntwordsofHHSSecretaryMichaelLeavittatthesummit:Anyfamilyorcommunitythatfailstopreparefortheworst,withtheexpectationthatthefederalorstategovernmentwillcometotherescue,willbe“tragicallywrong.”Inapandemic,thegovernment’smedicalresourceswillbestretchedthin,anditwon’tbeabletoguaranteefirst-linehelptoanyhometown,localhospital,orcollegecampus.EventhenationalstockpileofTamiflu,theantiviralthatisthebestwehavetopreventorlessentheimpactoftheillness,hasitslimits.IfacollegestudentishospitalizedwithapossibleH5N1infection,thefedswillprovidedrugs.Buttheywillnotmakeitavailabletofendoffthevirusinthemanyotherswhomayhavecomeinclosecontactwiththeinfectedstudent.IntheexistingfederalguidanceonH5N1,theyoungandhealthyfallintothelowest-prioritygroupforantiviraldrugsandvaccines.Studenthealthcentersorotherprovidershadbetterscroungeuptheirownstockpiles.Containingpossibleoutbreaksoncollegecampusesmaybeallbutimpossible.Socialdistancing—avoidingclosecontactwithotherpeoplewithairkissesinsteadofsmooches,orevenbydonningmasksandgloves—willbetoughtoenforce.

Thethreatposesauniquelydifficultchallenge.Inthebestofallscenarios,theviruswillloseitsfuryandleaveinitswakeanewcultureofindividualandcommunitypreparedness.Butweneedtogetreadynow,andnotforthebestscenariobutfortheworst.

1.Thedifferencebetweenavianfluandhumanfluisthat（

）.

2.Thereasonthatbirdflustrikestheyoungandable-bodiedthehardestmaybe（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whichisthebestsourcethatcollegestudentscanrelyuponifthereareoutbreaksofbirdfluoncollegecampuses?

4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.theavianflushouldbecommandingourraptattention

B.theavianflumainlythreatenstheyoungpeople

C.theavianfluistocauseadevastatingworldwidepandemicinthenextfewyears

D.theavianfluisanannualannoyancethatkillsonlythefrailandelderly

问题2选项

A.thebodylosesoxygenandotherorgansfail

B.asoddenmassofdyingtissues

C.theenthusiasticimmunesystemsoftheyoung

D.theoverreactionofblood,toxicfluid,andrampaginginflammatorycells

问题3选项

A.ThenationalstockpileofTamiflu.

B.Thegovernment’smedicalresources.

C.Drugsprovidedbythefeds.

D.Thestockpileofthestudents’healthcenters.

问题4选项

A.itisimpossiblethatbirdfluoutbreaksoncollegecampuses

B.thereasonthatbirdflumayimpossiblyoutbreakoncollegecampusesisthatsocialdistancingwillbetoughtoenforcethere

C.bothindividualsandcommunitiesshouldbepreparedforthethreat

D.weneedtogetreadynowfortheworstscenariopreparedforthefuryofbirdflu

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节题。根据题干关键词differencebetweenavianfluandhumanflu定位至第一段:differencebetween...threatenstobecometheyoungpeople’splague.故B项正确。

2.细节题。根据题干关键词strikestheyoung定位至第三段:Thisvulnerabilitymaystemfromtherobustandfast-respondingimmunesystemsoftheyoung,即原因是免疫系统太好了，过度防御造成的。

3.细节题。根据题干关键词outbreaksofbirdfluoncollege定位至第六段第五句,C项是thefedswillprovidedrugs的复现。

4.推断题。文章最后一段最后一句与选项D重现。

5.单选题

问题1选项

A.response

B.answer

C.correspondence

D.echo

【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。response“反响，反应”；answer“回答，答案”；correspondence“通信，一致”；echo“回音”。句意：他刊登在报纸上的广告受到了很好的反响，她受到了一百多封申请信。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Theemployerwasvery______aboutthehealthofheremployeesasreplacementsweredifficulttoget.

问题1选项

A.splenetic

B.dogmatic

C.solicitous

D.obstinate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项splenetic表示“坏心眼的，容易发怒的”，B项dogmatic表示“教条的，武断的”，C项solicitous表示“热切期望的，热心的”，D项obstinate表示“顽固的，倔强的”。根据关键信息asreplacementsweredifficulttoget（因为替代的员工很难找到）可知，______aboutthehealthofheremployees表示“关心员工的健康”，besolicitousabout表示“挂念，关心”。句意：这位雇主非常关心她的雇员的健康，因为很难找到替代的员工。因此，该题选择C项正确。

7.翻译题

2.Mobilephoneshaverenewedtheinterpersonalrelationships.Thereisusuallyanoticeonthedoorofthemeetingroom,whichreads,“Pleaseturnoffyourmobilephonesduringthemeeting!”Still,themeetingroominvariablyechoeswiththemobilerings.Althoughweareallordinarypeoplewithfewmattersofgreaturgency,wewillnotturnoffourmobilephonesunlessabsolutelynecessary.Turningonthemobilephonesisasymbolofourcontactwiththeworld.Mobilephonesreflectourhungerforsocialcommunication,ascanalwaysbeseeninaphoneuserwhocomestoasuddenhaltonhisway,staringatthescreenofhismobilephonefortextingregardlessofwhetherheisinthemiddleofaroadorbyapublictoilet.

【答案】2.手机刷新了人与人之间的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。可是会议室里的手机铃声仍然响成一片。我们都是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。尽管如此，我们也不会轻易关掉手机。打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映出我们的“社交饥渴症”。最为常见的是，一个人走在路上突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信，他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。

8.单选题

“Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey’re18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,”sayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Today,unexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.“Thereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclass,”declaredsociologistAllanSchnaibergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson,19,movedbackinafteranabsenceofeightmonths.

Analystsciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrising,aconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduation,youngpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbyskyrocketinghousingcosts.

Livingathome,saysKnighton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,“It’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.”Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.Somefamilies,however,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.“WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholproblem,”sheexplains.“HeneverlikedanyoneIdated,soIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses.”

Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Children,strugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith“asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure.”Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedom,findthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesforyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?

问题1选项

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependently

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparents

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsence

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparents

问题2选项

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.

问题3选项

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylife

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeepabiggerfamilygoing

C.theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparents

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparents

问题4选项

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrownup.

C.Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.

D.Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.______.1.作者认为，在美国，______曾经是一种趋势。

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependentlyA.年轻人离开父母独立生活

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparentsB.让中产阶级年轻人和父母住在一起

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsenceC.已婚青年在长时间离家后搬回家住

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparentsD.年轻人为了和父母住在一起而在附近找工作

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第一段的第一句“有一种毫无意义的观念认为孩子们长大后会在18岁时离开家（Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey’re18）……”可推断，美国以前的观念认为孩子们长大后，会在18岁时离开家，A项“年轻人离开父母独立生活”符合这一分析。故该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B项“让中产阶级年轻人和父母住在一起”和C项“已婚青年在长时间离家后搬回家住”是现在的趋势，而不是过去的趋势，属于反向干扰；

D项“年轻人为了和父母住在一起而在附近找工作”没有提及，属于无中生有。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?2.以下哪项不能解释年轻人返巢的情况？

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.A.年轻人发现住房成本太高。

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.B.年轻人在心理和智力上都不成熟。

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.C.年轻人寻求父母的安慰和精神支持。

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.D.相当多的年轻人在当地上学。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段，该段讲述了年轻人返巢的各种原因：结婚年龄在上升，这使得家庭及其温馨对年轻人特别有吸引力。高离婚率和不断下降的再婚率正把经济拮据、感情受到伤害的幸存者送回父母的避难所。对一些人来说，离家上大学的费用太大了，以至于许多学生现在在当地上学。即使在毕业后，年轻人也发现他们的翅膀被飞涨的房价所束缚。理解可知，年轻人返巢的原因包括结婚年龄的上升、寻求父母的安慰、在当地上学以及住房成本高，只有B项“年轻人在心理和智力上都不成熟”在文中没有提到。因此，该题选择B项正确。

【干扰项排除】A项“年轻人发现住房成本太高”、C项“年轻人寻求父母的安慰和精神支持”和D项“相当多的年轻人在当地上学”根据解题思路可知，符合原文，属于反向干扰。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesforyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat______.3.对于回到父母家的年轻人来说，其中一个缺点是______。

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylifeA.在日常生活中难免会有不便

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeepabiggerfamilygoingB.大多数父母发现维持一个大家庭很难

C.theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparentsC.年轻人往往受到父母的过度保护

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparentsD.公众舆论反对年轻人和父母住在一起

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第三段第三和第四句“共享家庭需要所有人做出调整。还有关于浴室、电话和隐私的争论。”，从中可知，年轻人和父母住在一起，日常生活中难免会有不便之处，A项符合题意，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B项“大多数父母发现维持一个大家庭很难”、C项“年轻人往往受到父母的过度保护”和D项“公众舆论反对年轻人和父母住在一起”在原文中都没有提及，属于无中生有。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?4.根据文章，什么对父母和孩子都最好？

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.A.他们应该调整自己以分担家庭开支。

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrownup.B.孩子们长大后应该离开父母。

C.Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.C.成年子女应该时不时地去看望父母。

D.Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.D.当成年子女有困难时，父母应该支持他们。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干可以定位至最后一段的内容：大多数心理学家认为长时间待在家里是个错误。努力独立的孩子们，最终可能会有“一种不足感、挫败感和失败感”。年迈的父母本应享受一些经济和个人自由，却发现自己被责任困住了。然而，许多人同意，短暂的拜访可能会产生有益的效果（Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially）。从中我们可以知道，长时间待在家里对孩子和父母都有不利因素，短暂的拜访反倒益处更多，所以C项“成年子女应该时不时地去看望父母”是对父母和孩子都好的一种办法。故该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】

A项“他们应该调整自己以分担家庭开支”，根据解题思路可知，孩子们即使帮父母分担了家庭开支，父母还是失去了个人的自由，该项与原文不符，属于曲解原文；

B项“孩子们长大后应该离开父母”和D项“当成年子女有困难时，父母应该支持他们”没有提到。

9.单选题

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoice,wewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothe—nearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecenterofthings,andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe“quietlife”bymovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind——theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring“morning”tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere’smycat.Toby.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithall(hoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor（

）.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappyEXCEPT（

）.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuythefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages?

问题1选项

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.worksinthecity

D.livesinthecountry

问题2选项

A.astrongsenseoffear

B.lackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

问题3选项

A.dailynecessities

B.freshfruits

C.designerclothes

D.freshvegetables

问题4选项

A.Original

B.Quiet

C.Arrogant

D.Insensitive

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“从第一段中我们可以得知作者……”。文章第一段第二句话提到“我成功说服自己，如果不是因为我的工作，我会立刻去往空旷的地方，回到某个静谧的村庄，回到大自然中”（Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry），由此我们可以知道作者的工作是在城市，选项C符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者认为下列哪项不是让城里人不开始的原因”。文章第二段最后一句话提到“过去住一条街上的人都相互认识，而现在住在高楼大厦同一层楼的人彼此都不打招呼”（Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhellotoeachother），由此可知选项B是其中一个原因，排除；文章第二段第二句提到“大多数人住在又吵，又脏，又没人情味的高楼里”（Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal），由此可知选项C“居住环境”也是其中一个原因，排除；第二段第三句提到“如果你住15楼以上，你会失去集体感”（Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup），由此可知选项D“孤独感”也是其中一个原因，排除。综上，选项A不是其中的原因，符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“文章暗示买一些东西很容易，除了……”。文章第三段倒数第二句提到“去商店买东西成了主要问题，只要稍微特殊点的商品你就得去很远的城市去买”（Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothe—nearestlargetown），选项C“定制衣服”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。题目问的是“根据文章，下列哪个形容词用来描述那些住在乡村，在城里工作的人”。文章倒数第二段倒数第一句提到“他们通常和他们留下的塑料花一样敏感——被关于改变和改进的奇怪想法所浸染，并把这些想法强加给村里不情愿的原始居民”（Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind——theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages），选项C“傲慢的”符合题意。

10.问答题

Don’ttouchthosewiresinanycircumstances.(Under)

【答案】Don’ttouchthosewiresunderanycircumstances.

11.单选题

Leonardojustdiscoveredthathispassporthad（

）threemonthsago.

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.abolished

C.amended

D.expired

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。constrain意为“强迫”；abolish意为“废除，废止”；amend意为“改良，修改”；expire意为“(因到期而)失效，到期”。

句意：Leonardo刚刚发现他的护照已经过期三个月了。

12.单选题

Toreadanewbook,yousimplyneedgoodlight,timeandtherightframeofmind.Buttoreadanewsoftwarepackage,youneedathousandpounds’worthofhardware,considerablecomputerknowledge,plentyoftimeand,mostimportantofall,endlessdetermination.

Generallyspeaking,allbooksareverymuchalike,andtheexperiencedreaderhasnodifficultycopingwithanunfamiliarbook.Butimaginehowfrustratingitwouldbeifyouhadtomakeamentaladjustment,ifyouhadtoreadinadifferentwayeverytimeyoureadabookfromadifferentpublisher,yetthisisexactlywhatitislikewhenyouuseanewsoftwarepackage.

Youcanbeencouragedinagoodbookwithinaminute,butgettingnewsoftwarerunningtakesages.Learningtouseanewpieceofsoftwareisliketryingtorideatrickbicycle,onwhichthehandlebarshaveareverseaction.Itlookseasierthanitreallyis.Thisispartlybecauseyoumustfirstunlearnwhatyou’velearntonthelastpackage;notwopackagesusethecontrolcharactersonthekeyboardinquitethesameway.Howmucheasieritwouldbeiftherearesomestandardstowhichallsoftwarewritersadhered!

Sinceyoucan’trelyonyourpreciousexperience,theonlywaytounderstandyournewsoftwarepackageistorelyonthemanual.Somesoftwaremanualsarewrittenwiththebeginnerinmindandhaveexplicitinstructionwithwell-designedexercisesthatleadyougentlyonfromstagetostage.Butmostassumethatyouarealreadyanexpert,andhavecomplicatedexplanationswhichonlyconfuseandirritateyou.Allrequireafullsetoffingersandthumbstomarkpageswhilehuntingoutinformation.Yes,perhapstheinformationisinthemanual,butwhere?

1.Whenlearningtouseanewsoftwarepackageyoumayprobablyfeel（

）.

2.Theauthormentionsthetrickbicycle,onwhichthehandlebarshaveareverseaction,inordertoshow（

）.

3.Howcouldasoftwarepackagebecomeeasiertousersaccordingtotheauthor?

4.Whatisthemostcommonprobleminsoftwaremanualsaccordingtothepassage?

5.Theword“explicit”underlinedinparagraph4probablymeans“（

）”.

问题1选项

A.frustrated

B.encouraged

C.engrossed

D.dismayed

问题2选项

A.howdifficultitistolearntorideabicycle

B.itisimpossibletolearntoridethisbicycle

C.howdifficultitistolearnanewsoftwarepackage

D.toleamtorideabicycleisthesamethingastoleamanewsoftwarepackage

问题3选项

A.Allsoftwarepackagesaremadebythesamesoftwarecompany.

B.Theusersarefamiliarwithallkindsofsoftwarepackages.

C.Therearesomestandardstowhichallsoftwarewritersadhere.

D.Thereisacommitteewhichexaminesallsoftwarepackages.

问题4选项

A.Theyhavecomplicatedexplanationswhicharequitebeyondyourunderstanding.

B.Theyareprintedinverysmallcharacters.

C.Theirinstructionsandexplanationsaretoosimple.

D.Theyarewrittenwiththebeginnerinmind.

问题5选项

A.confusing

B.clear

C.complicated

D.involved

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问‘当你学习使用一个新的软件包时，你可能会觉得…’。根据文章第二段中第二句“Butimaginehowfrustratingitwouldbeifyouhadtomakeamentaladjustment,ifyouhadtoreadinadifferentwayeverytimeyoureadabookfromadifferentpublisher,yetthisisexactlywhatitislikewhenyouuseanewsoftwarepackage.但是想象一下，如果你必须在思想上做出调整，如果你每次阅读不同出版商的书时都必须以不同的方式阅读，这将是多么令人沮丧的一件事，而这正是你使用新软件包时的情况。”确定A选项‘懊恼的，沮丧的’正确。

2.推理判断题。题干询问‘作者提到的自行车车把的反作用，是为了显示…’。骑特技自行车的例子在文章第三段。第一句是该段的中心句，然后骑特技自行车的例子是为了论证这一句，所以答案在中心句找。“Youcanbeencouragedinagoodbookwithinaminute,butgettingnewsoftwarerunningtakesages.你可以在一分钟内读完一本好书，但让新软件运行起来需要很长时间。”确定C选项‘学习一个新的软件包有多难’。

3.细节事实题。题干询问‘根据作者的观点，软件包如何变得对用户更容易?’。根据文章第三段中的最后一句“Howmucheasieritwouldbeiftherearesomestandardstowhichallsoftwarewritersadhered!如果有一些所有软件作者都遵循的标准，那该多容易啊!”确定C选项‘所有软件作者都遵循一些标准。’。

4.细节事实题。题干询问‘根据这篇文章，软件手册中最常见的问题是什么?’。根据文章最后一段中的第三句“Butmostassumethatyouarealreadyanexpert,andhavecomplicatedexplanationswhichonlyconfuseandirritateyou.但是大多数人都认为你已经是专家了，并且有复杂的解释，这些解释只会让你困惑和恼怒。”确定A选项‘他们的解释很复杂，你根本无法理解’正确。

5.词汇题。题干询问‘第4段下划线的“explicit”一词可能是指…’。“explicit”出现在文章最后一段的第二句话中。该句中与“haveexplicitinstruction”并列的是“withthebeginnerinmind站在初学者的角度”，而后文中是用but表示相反意思的“Butmostassumethatyouarealreadyanexpert,andhavecomplicatedexplanations但是大部分的使用手册都认为你是该领域的专业人员，手册中的解释都非常复杂”，所以该词是与‘complicated’词义相反，B选项‘清楚的’正确。

13.单选题

Youseethelightning（

）ithappens,butyouhearthethunderlater.

问题1选项

A.theinstant

B.foraninstant

C.ontheinstant

D.inaninstant

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句。分析“Youseethelightning____ithappens”可知空格处缺少一个连词，结合句意可知选A，theinstant表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，其他选项不能引导时间状语从句。句意：闪电一发生，你就看到了，但随后才听到雷声。

14.单选题

Thefollowingqualificationsareessentialforthepost:anhonorsdegreeinEnglish,_______inshorthandandtypewritingandsomeexperienceinjournalism.

问题1选项

A.proficiency

B.expertise

C.knowledge

D.familiarity

【答案】A

【解析】proficiency精通,熟练;expertise专门技术;familiarity熟悉。句意：应聘该职位必须具备以下条件:英语荣誉学位,速记和打字熟练,有一定的新闻工作经验。选项A符合句意。

15.单选题

Whatweknowofprenataldevelopmentmakesallthisattemptmadebyamothertomoldthecharacterofherunbornchildbystudyingpoetry,art,ormathematicsduringpregnancyseemutterlyimpossible.Howcouldsuchextremelycomplexinfluencespassfromthemothertothechild?Thereisnoconnectionbetweentheirnervoussystems.Eventhebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.Anemotionalshocktothemotherwillaffectherchild,becauseitchangestheactivityofherglandsandsothechemistryherblood.Anychemicalchangeinthemother’sbloodwillaffectthechildforbetterorworse.Butwecannotseehowalookingformathematicsorpoeticgeniuscanbedissolvedinbloodandproduceasimilarlikingorgeniusinthechild.

Inourdiscussionofinstinctswesawthattherewasreasontobelievethatwhateverweinheritmustbeofsomeverysimplesortratherthananycomplicatedorverydefinitekindofbehavior.Itiscertainthatnooneinheritsknowledgeofmathematics.Itmaybe,however,thatchildreninheritmoreorlessofarathergeneralabilitythatwemaycallintelligence.Ifveryintelligentchildrenbecomedeeplyinterestedinmathematics,theywillprobablymakeasuccessofthatstudy.

Asformusicalability,itmaybethatwhatisinheritedisanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthehandsorthevocalorgansconnectionsbetweennervesandmusclesthatmakeitcomparativelyeasytolearnthemovementsamusicianmustexecute,andparticularlyvigorousemotions.Ifthesefactorsareallorganizedaroundmusic,thechildmaybecomea