Mayan-玛雅文明精讲课件

MAYANCIVILIZATION玛雅文明Presentby:吴泽敏史晓桐刘敏怡胡佳昕1-MAYANCIVILIZATION玛雅文明PresentSomefilmsandtelevisionworks2-SomefilmsandtelevisionworkORIGIN玛雅起源3-ORIGIN玛雅起源3-TheMayacivilizationisaMesoamerican（中美洲），notedfortheonlyknownfullydevelopedwrittenlanguageofthepre-ColumbianAmericasaswellasitsart，architecture,mathematicalandastronomicalsystems.MayaHistory4-TheMayacivilizationisaMeInitiallyestablishedduringthepreclassicperiodmanyofthesereachedtheirapogee（顶点）ofdevelopmentduringtheclassicperiod，andcontinuedthroughoutthepostclassicperioduntilthearrivaloftheSpainish.Atitspeak，itwasoneofthemostdensely(密集地)populateddynamicsocietiesintheworld.MayaHistory5-Initiallyestablishedduringtorigin玛雅起源BriefIntroductionGeographicalExtentWestbordersPacificOceanfertileplainYucatanPeninsulaCenotes(excavatedcaverns)forwaterineast6-origin玛雅起源BriefIntroduction6-RELIGION玛雅宗教啊7-RELIGION玛雅宗教啊7-religion玛雅宗教啊Religioninterwindsculturelife.宗教与文化生活息息相关。Thecapitalofacity-stateisalsothecenterofreligions.城邦的首都同样也是宗教的中心。Mayanhavegreatfaithinreligion.玛雅人对宗教的信仰坚定不移。Theyworshiphelios,raingod,godofdeath,godofgrain,Mars,godofcornetc.他们崇拜太阳神、雨神、五谷神、死神、战神、玉米神等。8-religion玛雅宗教啊ReligioninterwinMYSTERYRELIC玛雅神秘文物9-MYSTERYRELIC玛雅神秘文物9-Mysteryrelic玛雅神秘文物Crystalskull10-Mysteryrelic玛雅神秘文物CrystalDeathmaskMysteryrelic玛雅神秘文物11-DeathmaskMysteryrelic玛雅神CHARACTERANDNUMBER玛雅文字＆数字12-CHARACTERANDNUMBER玛雅文字＆数字12-character玛雅文字啊MayanglyphsFirstappearedCa.theChristianera800hieroglyphs\¼translatedMainlyrepresentdays,months,numbers,directions,colorsanddeities.Mostofthemrecordedonstonetablet石碑,plank木板,potteryandbooks。13-character玛雅文字啊Mayanglyphs13-character玛雅文字啊Asetofsyllabicglyphs,eachchractercontainsfoursyllabaries.somewhatsimilarinfunctiontomodernJapanesewriting.14-character玛雅文字啊AsetofsyllabMath玛雅数学Mathbasedonmultiplesof200,1,25,610,1115,1615-Math玛雅数学MathbasedonmultipleCALENDAR玛雅历法啊16-CALENDAR玛雅历法啊16-calendar玛雅历法啊ComplexcalendarsystemtheTzolkin卓金历

260daysacycle

太阴历

6monthsacyclethelunarcalendar

阴月历

29or30daysacyclethesolarcalendar太阳历365daysacycle17-calendar玛雅历法啊Complexcalendarcalendar玛雅历法啊Amazing![地球年]Now365.2422days，

Mayan365.2420days。[金星年]ThetimethatVenusturnaroundatthesun.Now584daysMayan583.92days18-calendar玛雅历法啊Amazing!18-calendar玛雅历法啊PrimarylifeButAccuratemath,astronomy,calendarMystery

19-calendar玛雅历法啊19-meaning玛雅研究启示8世纪末-9世纪末玛雅文明毁灭：Mayacivilizationinthatregionhadcollapsed,theClassiccitiesinthesouthernlowlandswereabandoned原因不得而知众人观点：exhausttheenvironmentaroundthemthatitcouldnolongersustainaverylargepopulation.constantwarfareamongcompetingcity-statesledthe

complicatedmilitary,familyandtradealliancesbetweenthemtobreakdown,alongwiththetraditionalsystemofdynasticpower.Asthestatureoftheholylordsdiminished,theircomplextraditionsofritualsandceremoniesdissolvedintochaos.Finally,somecatastrophicenvironmentalchange–likeanextremelylong,intenseperiodofdrought–mayhavewipedouttheClassicMayacivilization.20-meaning玛雅研究启示8世纪末-9世纪末玛雅文明毁灭meaning玛雅研究启示overpopulation,overuseoftheland,endemicwarfareanddroughtSowhatlessonscanwedrawfromtheMayancivilizationcollapse?harmonybetweencountries.21-meaning玛雅研究启示overpopulation,omeaning玛雅研究启示dosomethingtocareaboutourmotherworld.theoverpopulation.22-meaning玛雅研究启示dosomethingtoc玛雅文明Presentby:吴泽敏史晓桐刘敏怡胡佳昕MAYANCIVILIZATIONThankyou！！23-玛雅文明Presentby:MAYANCIVILIZMAYANCIVILIZATION玛雅文明Presentby:吴泽敏史晓桐刘敏怡胡佳昕24-MAYANCIVILIZATION玛雅文明PresentSomefilmsandtelevisionworks25-SomefilmsandtelevisionworkORIGIN玛雅起源26-ORIGIN玛雅起源3-TheMayacivilizationisaMesoamerican（中美洲），notedfortheonlyknownfullydevelopedwrittenlanguageofthepre-ColumbianAmericasaswellasitsart，architecture,mathematicalandastronomicalsystems.MayaHistory27-TheMayacivilizationisaMeInitiallyestablishedduringthepreclassicperiodmanyofthesereachedtheirapogee（顶点）ofdevelopmentduringtheclassicperiod，andcontinuedthroughoutthepostclassicperioduntilthearrivaloftheSpainish.Atitspeak，itwasoneofthemostdensely(密集地)populateddynamicsocietiesintheworld.MayaHistory28-Initiallyestablishedduringtorigin玛雅起源BriefIntroductionGeographicalExtentWestbordersPacificOceanfertileplainYucatanPeninsulaCenotes(excavatedcaverns)forwaterineast29-origin玛雅起源BriefIntroduction6-RELIGION玛雅宗教啊30-RELIGION玛雅宗教啊7-religion玛雅宗教啊Religioninterwindsculturelife.宗教与文化生活息息相关。Thecapitalofacity-stateisalsothecenterofreligions.城邦的首都同样也是宗教的中心。Mayanhavegreatfaithinreligion.玛雅人对宗教的信仰坚定不移。Theyworshiphelios,raingod,godofdeath,godofgrain,Mars,godofcornetc.他们崇拜太阳神、雨神、五谷神、死神、战神、玉米神等。31-religion玛雅宗教啊ReligioninterwinMYSTERYRELIC玛雅神秘文物32-MYSTERYRELIC玛雅神秘文物9-Mysteryrelic玛雅神秘文物Crystalskull33-Mysteryrelic玛雅神秘文物CrystalDeathmaskMysteryrelic玛雅神秘文物34-DeathmaskMysteryrelic玛雅神CHARACTERANDNUMBER玛雅文字＆数字35-CHARACTERANDNUMBER玛雅文字＆数字12-character玛雅文字啊MayanglyphsFirstappearedCa.theChristianera800hieroglyphs\¼translatedMainlyrepresentdays,months,numbers,directions,colorsanddeities.Mostofthemrecordedonstonetablet石碑,plank木板,potteryandbooks。36-character玛雅文字啊Mayanglyphs13-character玛雅文字啊Asetofsyllabicglyphs,eachchractercontainsfoursyllabaries.somewhatsimilarinfunctiontomodernJapanesewriting.37-character玛雅文字啊AsetofsyllabMath玛雅数学Mathbasedonmultiplesof200,1,25,610,1115,1638-Math玛雅数学MathbasedonmultipleCALENDAR玛雅历法啊39-CALENDAR玛雅历法啊16-calendar玛雅历法啊ComplexcalendarsystemtheTzolkin卓金历

260daysacycle

太阴历

6monthsacyclethelunarcalendar

阴月历

29or30daysacyclethesolarcalendar太阳历365daysacycle40-calendar玛雅历法啊Complexcalendarcalendar玛雅历法啊Amazing![地球年]Now365.2422days，

Mayan365.2420days。[金星年]ThetimethatVenusturnaroundatthesun.Now584daysMayan583.92days41-calendar玛雅历法啊Amazing!18-calendar玛雅历法啊PrimarylifeButAccuratemath,astronomy,calendarMystery

42-calendar玛雅历法啊19-meaning玛雅研究启示8世纪末-9世纪末玛雅文明毁灭：Mayacivilizationinthatregionhadcollapsed,theClassiccitiesinthesouthernlowlandswereabandoned原因不得而知众人观点：exhausttheenvironmentaroundthemthatitcouldnolongersustainaverylargepopulation.constantwarfareamongcompetingcity-statesledthe

complicatedmilitary,familyandtradealliancesbetweenthem