高中英语选修6unit3语法

dueto6.stressaddicted7.quiteventually8.drugsmanage9.alcoholcigarettes10.adolescentsRevisionCompletethepassagewiththesuitablewordsandphrasesintheirproperforms.

Smoking__________,drinking_______ortakingother_______producemanyharmfuleffectsandhavenorealbenefits.Sowhydo___________doit?Somebeginbecausetheybelieveitmakesthemlookcool.Othersthinkitwillhelpwith_______.Intheirlifepossibly________pressurefromtheirparentsorteachers.cigarettesalcoholdrugsadolescentsstress

dueto

Somejustwanttoseewhatitislike.Whattheydon’trealizeisthattheywillgetintothehabitand________become____________.Itwillthenbedifficultto______thehabit.Afewpeople________toquiteasilybutformanyitisaverypainfulprocess.Ofcourse,thebestwaytodealwiththesedrugsisnottostartinthefirstplace.eventuallyaddicted

quitmanageGrammar

Theuseof“it”Discovering“It”

Itrainsheavily.2.Itis20kilometersfromGranddad'shousetoJames’.3.ItisNovember11,2005.4.Itis9o’clockatnight.5.It'llbelovelyinthegardentonight．

6.Itisbadtosmoke.7.Itislikelythathewillsucceed.天气距离日期时间形式主语环境形式主语1.it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:Xi’anis

a

beautiful

city,isn’t

it?2.也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):Isthisyourdog？No,itisn’t.一、it作人称代词it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：指天气：Itisalovelyday,isn’t

it?Itisabitwindy.

2.指时间:Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.3.指环境:Itwasveryquietin

the

café.4.指距离：Itishalfanhour’s

walk

tothecitycentrefrommyhome.二、it作非人称代词5.指日期：--What'sthedatetoday?--It'sMay1,2007.6.指季节：Itissummernow.7.指度量：Itisabout5kilograms.8.指价值：----What'sthecostoftheT-shirt?----Itis150yuan.替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。三、it用作形式主语（1）Itbeadj.（forsb.）todosth.此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，well-mannered，ill-mannered，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous…Itisillegal（forateenager）todriveacarwithoutalicense.

1.代作主语的动词不定式（2）Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy.It'skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.It'snogood/usedoing…It's（well）worthdoing…It's（well）worthone'swhiledoing/todo…It's（well）worthwhiledoing/todoIt'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型2.it作形式主语替代主语从句

Itisclear(obvious，true，possible,certain…)that...

该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然,真的……）”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：

Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.①Itisadj.+clauseItissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that...该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉．．．）”。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.②Itisv-edthat…=sb./sth.istodo③

Itis+noun+从句Itisapity(ashame/anhonor/agoodthing/afact/asurprise/...)that...该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遗憾！

四、it作形式宾语

当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。该句型中的it作形式宾语，常用的动词有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等。

Ithinkitnousearguingwithhim.我认为和他争吵没有用。

IfounditveryinterestingtostudyEnglish.我发现学英语非常有趣。Hemadeitclearthathewasnotinterestedinthissubject.他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。五、用于强调句型中Itis/was

+被强调部分+that/who...Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...ImetTominthepark

yesterday.1)Itwas

IwhometTomintheparkyesterday.2)Itwas

Tom

whoImetintheparkyesterday.3)Itwas

inthepark

thatImetTomyesterday.4)ItwasyesterdaythatImetTominthepark.Itwasfiveo’clock_________Igothome.Itwasatfiveo’clock_______Igothome.whenthat强调句用以强调主语，宾语，介词宾语以及状语。（强调人时用that和who／whom皆可）Itwasshewho／thathadbeenwrong．是她错了。()Itwasthegirlwhom／thatImetjustnow．我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。()ItwasTomtowhomtheteacherhadtalked．老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。（）ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened．所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。（）主语宾语介词宾语状语Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语“直到……才……”，可以说是not...until...的强调形式。例如:

ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.六、It常用的固定搭配

makeit（1）在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例

It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.（2）在口语中相当于fixthedatefor，表示“约定好时间”例

—Shallwemeetnextweek？—OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.2.takeit/thingseasy相当于Don‘tworryordon’thurry.用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，沉住气”Takeiteasy！Hewilldoitwell.3.Italldepends/thatalldepends在口语中，相当于ithasn‘tbeendecidedyet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”

—Areyougoingtothecountrysideforholiday？—It/Thatalldepends.4.It'suptosb.在口语中，相当于it'sdecidedbysb.表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”—Shallwegooutfordinner？—It'suptoyou.Rewritethefollowingsentences,using“It’s…that”.ExercisesI.单项选择1.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(天津)A.this B.that C.it D.these2.____isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(浙江)A.As B.That C.This D.It高考实例3.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but______didn’thelp.(全国卷III)A.it B.she C.which D.he4.I’dappreciate______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.(山东)A.that B.itC.this D.youI’mstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.Thatisamazing.2.Myfatherhasquitsmoking.Thatiswonderful.3.Youcouldsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.(Itislikely).4.Chinaproducesonethirdoftheworld’scigarettes.Itisreported.ItisamazingthatIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafte