安徽省2012中考英语考纲单词详解

PAGE137PAGE52安徽省2013中考英语考纲单词详解A1.a(an)(art)一（个，件…）Thereisaneraserinthebox.Whatashame!=Whatapity!真遗憾！Aknifeandfork一副刀叉(用于价格，数量，比率等)Hewasdrivingat50milesanhour.当时他正以每小时50英里速度驾车。（用于一星期中某天的名称前，表示具体某一天）ShediedonaTuesday.她是在一个星期二去世的。【经典试题】Aspaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometers_______second.A./ B.the C.a D.anHowbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheard_______voice.A.thebest B.abest C.thebetter D.abetter2.ability(n)能力;才能;Heisamanofgreatability.他是位能力很强的人。Shehasnoabilityinthatkindofwork.Theabilitytousealanguagecanbeachievedbytheactofusingthelanguage.Almosteveryonehassomemusicalability.几乎人人都有一定的音乐才能。（ability后可接介词in或for引导的短语表示“有某方面的能力”，也可接动词不定式做定语，但不接“of+v-ing”）3.able(a.)有能力的，能够IamafraidIwon’tbeabletovisityouonSaturday.恐怕我无法在星期六来拜访您了。Ididn’tfeelabletodisagreewithhim.我觉得无法不同意他的意见。Theableststudentintheclass.班上最有才华的人。Heisanablelawyer.他是一位能干的律师。*unable(a.)不能的，不能胜任的4.about（prep,ad.）关于，在各处；大约，到处Mymotheroftenspoketomeaboutyou.家母常和我谈起你。Shesatupandlookedabouther.她坐了起来,环顾四周。Ithappenedabout5o'clockinthemorning.这事发生在早晨约莫五点钟的时候。Shelikestowalkabout.她喜爱四处走走。JohnisaboutthesameageasTom.5.above(prep)在...上面在...之上,超过Watercameaboveourknees.水淹过我们的膝盖Wecannotacceptchildrenabovetheageof10.我们不能接受10岁以上的儿童。【词语辨析】Above与最低限度和固定点相连，如：2000feetabovesealevel海拔2000英尺。Temperatureswillnotriseabovezerotonight.而over与数目，数量，年龄，金钱和时间相连，如：He’sover50。他已年过半百。Itcostover$100.这个值100美元。Wewaitedover2hours.6.abroad(a.ad.)在国外;到国外Mysonisstilllivingabroad.Hewasfamousbothathomeandabroad.(abroad前不可用in或to，但可用from表示“从国外”)7.absent(a.)缺席的,不在场的[(+from)]Tobeabsentfromwork/school/ameeting缺勤，缺课，未出席会议。Threemembersoftheclasswereabsentthismorning.今天早晨该班有三人缺席。TodayDavidisabsentfromschoolbecauseheisill.今天大卫因为生病没上学。【注意区别】HewasabsentfromLondon.他不在伦敦。HewasabsentinLondon.他不在这里，而在伦敦。absence（n）不在，缺席accordingto按照，根据8.accent(n)口音,腔调[Judgingbyheraccent,shemustbeaSoutherner.从她的口音判断,她准是南方人。9.accept(v)接受,领受;答应,同意(区别于receive)Hehasacceptedourinvitation.他已经接受了我们的邀请。ItwasrainingheavilysoIacceptedhisofferofalift.天正在下雨，所以我领了他的情，搭了他的便车。She’sdecidednottoacceptthejob.她决定不接受这项工作。10.accident(n)事故;灾祸avoidanaccident避免事故causeanaccident.导致事故tohaveanaccident出事故Aterribleaccidenthashappened.byaccident=bychance偶然地11.ache(n)痛，疼痛Therewereachesinhisjoints.他关节疼痛。Shefeltanacheinherbank.她感觉背痛。【复合词】toothache,stomachache,heartache12.achieve(v)完成,实现，达到,赢得Youwillneverachieveanythingifyouspendyourtimethatway.你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。achievepeace实现和平achieveprogress获得进步(表示“取得成就，达成目标，目的”时用achieve;表示“达成协议，决议，合同，得出结论”时用reach或arriveat)13.across(prep)横越,穿过（区别于through）Wewalkedacrossthestreet.我们穿过马路。There’sahotelacrosstheroad.路另一边有一家旅馆。14.act（n,v）法令,条例；表演,扮演,行动Thetimeforthinkingispast.Wemustnowact.思考的时间过去了，我们必须行动。。Themedicineactswell.=Themedicineworkswell.这药有效。Theactressactsverywell.这演员戏演得好。Johnactedaschairmaninhisabsence.他不在时,约翰充当主席。(act后接as短语，作“担任”解时，其后表示职务或职业的名词前通常不用冠词)15.action(n)行动;行为;活动Hetookstrongaction.他采取了强硬措施。Hewassorryforhisactions.他为自己的行为感到懊悔。(takeaction采取行动，中间不加冠词)16.active(a.)积极的，主动的Sheisanactivesupporterofwomen’srights.她是争取妇女权利的积极支持者。Thesentenceisintheactivevoice.本句子用的是主动语态。Mrs.Brownisover80andnotveryactivenow.布朗太太已八十多岁,现在不大活动了。17.activity(n)活动(outdooractivities户外活动/classromactivities课堂活动)Itakeanactivepartinallkindsofactivitiesincludingtennis,swimmingandrunning.我积极参加诸如网球游泳跑步等各种各样的活动。18.add(v)添加;增加，加Thefireisgoingout.Willyouaddsomewood?火快熄了,请你加些木柴好吗?Add5to3andyouhave8.3加5等于8.Iftheteaistoostrong,addsomemorewater.如果茶太浓，加些水吧。增加[(+to)]Thesnowstormaddedtoourdifficulties.暴风雪增加了我们的困难。*addition(n)增加，加19.address（n）住址,地址What’syourhomeaddress?补充词义：演说,致词Theheadmastergaveanaddresstotheschoolbeforetheprizesweregivenaway.在发奖之前校长向全校发表了讲话20.advantage(n)优点，优势，好处，What’stheadvantageofusingwindpower?使用风能有何好处？Livinginabigcityhasmanyadvantages—goodschools,libraries,theatersandconcerts.住在大城市有许多便利，如好学校，图书馆，剧院和音乐会。Wetookfulladvantageofalltheseatsinthehall..我们充分利用了礼堂里的所有座位。21.advertisement(n)广告Advertisementhelpstosellgoods.广告有助于推销商品。“AD”istheshortformofadvertisement.AD是广告的缩写形式*advertise(v)为…做广告22.advise(v)劝告，建议Weadvisedherthatshe(should)wait.我们劝她等Headvisedmetoworkharder.他劝告我要更勤奋工作。It’seasyforyoutoadvise,butdifficulttotakeadvicefromothers.劝告别人容易，接受劝告就难了。adviseagainst…劝…不要Iadvisedagainsttheirdoingit.我劝他们不要做这件事。(常与of短语连用)Iwilladviseyouofmyfutureplan.我将告诉你我的未来计划。派生词：advisable适当的，合理的，明智的。23.advice(n)劝告,忠告[U]Iwantyouradvice,sir.Idon’tknowwhattodo.先生,我需要您的指点。我不知该怎么办才好。Youshouldfollow(take)hisadvice.你必须遵守他的忠告。24.afford（v）负担得起(费用)，抽得出(时间),，提供(常与can,could,beableto连用)买得起;有足够的...(去做...)[+to-v]Theydidnotconsiderwhethertheycouldaffordthetimeornot.他们没有考虑是否抽得出时间。Wecan’taffordtopaysuchaprice.Icannotaffordacar.我没有充足的钱买汽车。Noneofthemcouldafford$50foraticket.他们当中没有哪个拿得出50美元买一张票。25.afraid(a.)害怕的，担心Shewasafraidthatshemightloseherjob.她担心会丢掉工作。Itseemsthatsheisafraidtotellthemaboutit.似乎她怕将此事告诉他们。Don’tbeafraidofsnakes.(用于提出异议,告诉不好的消息等场合,使语气婉转)恐怕,遗憾[+(that)]I’mafraidyourwifehadanaccident.很遗憾,你妻子出事了I’mafraidIcan’thelpyou.对不起,我不能帮你。Themotherisverymuchafraidforhersonwhoisseriouslyill.母亲很担心自己的儿子，他病得很重。beafraidof+令人害怕或具有危险地事物。beafraidfor“替..担心”+令人担心或出于危险之中的事物26.after(ad,prep,conj)之后，后来；在…以后Theyarrivedsoonafter.不久以后他们抵达了TomwentonMonday,andMaryleftthedayafter.汤姆星期一走的,玛丽第二天就离开了。Aftergraduationhewentabroad.毕业后他去了国外。Whatareyouafter?你在求去什么？ShewasnamedJaneafterheraunt.她被仿照她姑妈的名字命名为Jane。Iwilltellyouaftertheyleave.他们走后我再告诉你。Shutthedoorafteryou.随手关门He’sthetallest,afterRichard.除了理查德，他最高。Afteryou!=Pleasegofirst!请先走！27.afternoon（n）Ialwayshavearestintheafternoon.我下午总要休息一会。（afternoon与this,that,yesterday,tomorrow,every等限定词连用时，其前不用介词）28.again(ad.)再，再次，又，重新Hesangthesongagain.他把这支歌又唱了一遍。Theycamebacktoschoolagain.他们重返学校了。againandagain再三地，反复不断地29.against（prep）反对;违反;逆;对着；倚;靠thefightagainsttheAflu抗甲流斗争We’replayingagainstHongxingMiddleSchoolnextweek.下周我们要和红星中学Againstthehousetherestandsatree.一棵树对着这房子立着。Thisisagainstthelaw.这是违法的。Putthepianothere,againstthewall.30.age(n)年龄，时代，(人生的)某一时期theageofthecomputer计算机时代What’stheageofthatoldbuilding?IusedtoplaytennistherewhenIwasyourage.Childrenovertheageof12arenotallowedtoenterthehall.12岁以上的孩子不准进入大厅。Heleftschoolattheageof18.Youngpeopleofallagesgotheretomeet.Youlookyoungerforyourage.31.ago(ad.)以前shediedtwoyearsago.她死在两年以前.比较：Hehadwrittenanoveltwoyearsbefore.Hewroteanoveltwoyearsago.(ago指从现在算起若干时间以前，动词用过去式；before指从过去算起的某个时间以前，动词用过去完成时)32.agree(v)同意，赞同Icannotagreewithyouonthispoint.对于这一点，我不能与你意见相同。Heagreedtoshowmearoundthefactory.他答应带我逛逛这家工厂。33.agreement(n)同意,一致;协定,协议Myparentsareinagreementonwhatcolortopaintthehouse.我父母亲对于用什么颜色漆房子意见一致。Thethreesidesreachedanagreementtostopthewar.三方达成协议停止战争。34.air(n)空气;大气，天空Betterletinsomefreshair.最好放些新鲜空气进来。Theairwasfullofbutterflies.天空中飞舞着许许多多蝴蝶。35.airline(n)(飞机的)航线航空公司航空系统IoftentravelbyNorthwestAirlines.我常坐西北航空公司的飞机旅行。36.airplane(n)飞机AnairplanestartedforCantonyesterday.昨天一架飞机飞往广州。37.airport(n)飞机场，航空站Theylandedatasmallairport.他们在一座小型的机场降落。38.alive(a.)(常做表语或补语偶尔做后置定语)活着的;现存的;Theywerecaughtalive.他们被活捉了。Theyarethehappiestchildrenalive.他们是当今最幸福的儿童。Idon’tknowwhetherhe’saliveordead.我不知道他是死是活。Isyourmotherstillalive?你妈妈还健在吗?Althoughheiseighty,heisstillverymuchalive.他虽有八十岁了,但仍然充满了活力。39.all(n)（与名词连用时，在该名词前可使用the或所有格等限定词；若与复数形式的名词连用，名词前也可用基数词）注意：all与not连用有两种含意：①“并非…都是”②“即使全部的….也不”Allthestudentsarenotnoisy.并非所有学生都吵闹。Allhistoyscannotmakehimhappy.即使他的全部玩具也不能使他快乐。Allfivemenarehardworkers.他们5个人工作都努力。Allofthemenjoyedplayingthepiano.--Thanksverymuchforyourhelp.--Notatall.Itwasapleasure.【经典试题】I’minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which40.allow(v)允许,准许Swimmingisnotallowedatthisbeach.这片海滩禁止游泳。Sheallowedustosmoke.她允许我们抽烟。Heisnotallowedtostayoutlate.他不可以在外呆到很晚。Wedonotallowsmokinginthehall.我们不准有人在大厅内抽烟。41.almost(ad)几乎，差不多Hespentalmost1,000dollarsamonth.他每月差不多用1000块钱。(与no,none,nothing等词连用，只能用almost,而不用nearly;反之，与not,never连用只能用nearly而不用almost;nearly可用very,pretty修饰，almost不可)42.alone(a.)单独的,独自的ShewatchesTVwhensheisalone.独自一人时,她便看电视。只有,仅;单单(用于名词或代词后加强语气)Therentaloneis$300.单房租就三百元。Manalonehasthegiftofspeech.只有人类才有说话的天赋。Timealonewillshowwhowasright.只有时间能证明到底谁对。单独地(adv)ForyearsMarylivedaloneinNewYork.玛丽孤身一人在纽约生活了好几年。（alone与only意思相同，但alone常放在被修饰词之后，而only却置于其前。）43.along(ad.prep)向前,和…一起,一同;沿着Hesangloudlyashewalkedalong.他边向前走边大声唱着歌。Comealongwithus.跟我们一道去吧。Iwasdrivingmycaralongapath.我沿着一条小路开车。*aloud(ad.)出声地,高声地44.already(ad.)已经;先前Ihavehadlunchalready.我已用过午餐了。Wehavealreadyfinishedjuniormiddleschool.我们已经完成初中学业。--Lunch?--No.thanks.I’vealreadyeaten.(用语疑问句表示惊讶，惊奇，怀疑)Isit10o’clockalready?都十点钟了？（2010安徽中考题）--What’sthedatetoday?今天几号了？--It’sJune16.六月十六45.also(ad.)也,亦;还;同样地Johnisalso19yearsold约翰也是十九岁。Sinceyou'veacceptedtheinvitation,I'llalsoacceptit.既然你已接受邀请,那我也接受邀请。Henotonlyplayswell,butalsowritesmusic.46.although(conj.)虽然;尽管Althoughhewasill,heworkedhard.他虽然生病,但仍努力工作。47.always(ad)总是,经常；永远,一直；(动词用进行时)老是,一再；(与can/could连用)随时TheyalwaysmakefunofMr.Smith.他们总是嘲弄史密斯先生。Children’sDayisalwaysthefirstofJune.儿童节一直是六月一日。She’salwaysdisturbingme.她老是骚扰我。Thatphone’salwaysringing.那电话老是响个不停。（2008安徽中考试题）--Englishis____toodifficultforme.Ican’tlearnitwell.--Don’tgiveup.Nothingisdifficultifyouworkhard.A.seldomB.neverC.alwaysD.usually48.America(n)美国美洲AmericawasdiscoveredbyColumbusin1492.美洲大陆是哥伦布在1492年发现的。49.American(a.n)TheAmericanstudentsgetonwellwithus.IsawmanyAmericansinSummer50.among(prep)（区别于between,inthemiddleof）在...之中;在(三个以上)...中间Tomhasalwaysbeenpopularamonghisclassmates.汤姆在同学中一直很受欢迎。例题：HeistalkingAthestudentsofClass2ontheplayground.A.amongB.inthemiddleofHeisplayingsoccerBtheplayground.A.amongB.inthemiddleof51.ancient(a.)古代的;古老的;古旧的,旧的。Jerusalemisanancientcity.耶路撒冷是座古城。Hedrivesanancientmachine.他操纵一台老掉牙的机器。*ancestor(n)祖宗，祖先52.and(conj)和，与，及（表示并列）Thisplaceisniceandwarm.此处温暖而舒适。表示时间，动作，状态的延续，重复。Wewaitedforhoursandhours.我们等了不知多少小时。Sheisgettingbetterandbetter.她的身体在逐渐变好。为了（在口语中用于come,go,try之后，相当于动词不定式的符号to）goandbuyone去买一个。Waitandsee等着瞧吧。(2009安徽中考试题第32题）Lindatriedtobecomeanexcellentteacher,____atlastshesucceeded.A.soB.orC.butD.and53.angry(a.)生气，发怒的Hewasangrywithhisyoungerbrother.Shewasangryatwhatherhusbandsaid.Nothingevermakeshimangry.从未有事使他生气。54.animal(n)动物，残暴的人Hewasagoodstory-tellerandusedtomakeuptalesaboutfarmersandanimals.他是个讲故事的好手，常编一些农夫和动物的故事。Whatananimalheis!他是一个非常残暴的人。55.another(n)别的，不同的；再(另,又)一个Hedrankanotherglassofbeer.他又喝了一杯啤酒。That’sanothermatter.那是另外一回事。Idon’tlikethisone,pleaseshowmeanother.我不喜欢这个,请给我另一个。Theyhadthreegoalsinthefirsthalf,andanothertwointhesecond.他们上半场进了三个球，下半场又进了两个。Ifyouwanttobookaround-tripticket,you’llhavetopayanother$30.如果你要订双程票，你的再付30美元。Let’sdoitanothertime.我们下次再办这事吧。56.answer(n.v)回答;答复接(电话);应(门)AnnaskedmanyquestionsandIdidmybesttoanswerthem.安妮问了许多问题,我尽可能地回答。Whoansweredthetelephone?谁接的电话?回答;答复;复信反应(n)I’mwaitingforananswertomyletter.我正在等候回信。Hesaidgoodnighttoherbutshegavenoanswer.他向她道晚安,而她却毫无反应。57.ant(n)蚂蚁toworklikeanant勤奋工作haveantsinone’spants.坐立不安，急于做58.any(pron.a.)(无论)哪一个(些);任何的;一些(否,疑,if从句)Hewantedajob,anysortofajob.他需要一个工作,任何工作都行。Ifthereisanytrouble,doletmeknow.如遇到麻烦,务必告诉我。Idon’thaveanymoneytospare.我的钱都用光了。Arethereanylettersforme?有我的信吗?(修饰比较级：稍稍=alittle)Doyoufeelanybettertoday?今天感觉稍好点吗？【经典试题】Heistallerthan______girlinhisclass.A.any B.other C.anyother D.another59.anybody(pron)无论谁,任何人,Anybodymaycome.任何人都可以来。Ididn’tmeetanybody.我任何人都没碰到。Ifanybodycalls,tellhimIhavegoneout.60.anyone=anybody(pron)任何人61.anything(pron)(用于疑,否或if从句时)什么东西,任何东西Doyouhaveanythingtosay?你有什么话要说吗?Isthereanythingwrongwithyourclock?(用于肯定句时)无论什么东西,无论什么事情Mydogwilleatalmostanything.我的狗几乎什么东西都吃。成语：anythingbut决不，根本不Thehotelwasanythingbutcheap.这旅馆根本不便宜。（比较anythingbut与nothingbut）62.anyway(ad.)不管怎样；反正；即使如此Itmayrain,butweshallgoanyway.也许会下雨,可我们无论如何要去。Thankyouallthesame=Thankyouanyway63.anywhere(ad.)(用于疑问句或if从句时)在任何地方,往任何地方Didyougoanywherelastnight?你昨天夜里有没有到什么地方去?(用于否定句时)什么地方(也)Youcan’tgetitanywhere.这东西你什么地方也买不到的。(用于肯定句时)随便什么地方Sitanywhere.随便坐。64.appear(v)出现;显露，演出;陈列;露面Graduallyasmileappearedonherface.她脸上渐渐地露出笑容。ThefamoussingerisappearingthisfallattheMusicFestival.这位著名的歌手将在今秋的音乐节上演出。Hedidn’tappearatthemeetinguntil9o’clock.他直到9点才出席会议似乎,看来好像Itappearstheyareright.看来他们是对的。Heappearedtobetalkingtohimself.他似乎在自言自语。65.apple(n)成语：Sheistheappleofherfather’seye.她是她父亲的掌上明珠。66.April(n)AprilFool’sDay=AllFools’Day愚人节AprilFool愚人节开的玩笑；愚人节被愚弄的人67.area(n)面积,地区,领域,范围Thisroomis150squarefeetinarea.这房间面积为150平方英尺。Hismajorareaofstudyischemistry.他的主要研究领域是化学。Theareasoftraininganddevelopment.训练和发展方面68.arm(n)臂,胳膊;支架Sheisholdingababyinherarms.她正抱着孩子。Theremustbesomethingwrongwithmyleftarm.*armchair(n)扶手椅69.army(n)军队,大群;大批Theretheyformedanarmyofabouttwothousandmen.他们在那里组建了一支两千人的军队。Johnisinthearmy.约翰服务于陆军。Anarmyofworkmenwasbroughtintobuildthestadium.一大群工人被召来建筑运动场。70.around(prep.ad.)围绕,环绕在...四处在...附近大约,将近(prep)Theysataroundthetable.他们围桌而坐。AnntravelledaroundEuropeforafewmonths.安妮在欧洲各地旅游了数月。HewenttotheUnitedStatesaround1987.他大约是在一九八七年去美国的。I’llbebackataround5o’clock.到处,四处周围,附近大约环绕;循环地(ad.)Justdrivemearound.开车带我四处走走就行了。Thewindmillkeptturningaround.风车不停地转动着。Thejourneywilltakearoundtendays.这次旅行大约要用十天时间。71.arrive(v)到达;到来(+in/at);达到;达成[(+at)]TheyarrivedinLondonlastMonday.他们上周一抵达伦敦。Whatdecisiondidyoufinallyarriveat?你们最后做了什么决定?Finallywearrivedatanagreement.最后我们达成一项协议。arrival(n)到达，达到Hisarrivalbroughtcompletesilencetotheroom.他的到来使房间里鸦雀无声。72.art(n)艺术,美术,技艺*artist(n)艺术家73.article(n)文章;东西,物品;冠词Hehaswrittenanarticleforthemagazine.他已给该刊撰写了一篇文章。Weshouldbuyseveralarticlesattheshop.我们在这家商店买点东西。ThearticleisapartofspeechintheEnglishlanguage.冠词是英语的一种词类。Thearticleallowsnootherexplanation.这项条款不容有别的解释。74.as(ad.conj.prep)像…一样;如同;因为;作为,当作，按照，当…时Hisfaceisasblackascoal.他的脸象煤一样黑。RunasIdo.象我这样跑。Shesangassheworked.她一边工作,一边唱歌。Shestayedathomeasshehadnocar.她因为没有车,所以呆在家里。Wetalkedaboutsuchsubjectsastheweather.我们谈论了诸如天气之类的话题。Asastudent,Ishouldtrymybesttostudywell.Myuncleusedtoworkasadoctor.我叔叔过去做医生。Treatothersasyouwishthemtotreatyou.要象你希望别人对待你那样对待别人。补充：Richasheis,heisnothappy.他虽富,但不快乐。75.Asia(n)亚洲76.Asian(a.，n)亚洲(人)的；亚洲人77.ask(v)询问,请求,要,讨价,邀请.需要Heaskedmehowtoopenthebox.Howmuchdoyouaskforthis?这个你要多少价钱。Theywereaskedtoattendthemeeting.他们应邀出席会议。Thisjobaskshardwork.这工作需要勤劳。78.asleep(a.)睡着的，熟睡Heseemstobefastasleep.他好像睡得很熟。Shewasstillhalfasleepwhenshearrivedatwork.她到了上班地点时依然睡眼惺忪。(asleep可用fast,sound,much或verymuch修饰，但不可用very修饰)(beasleep指睡着的状态，可以接表示延续性时间的状语;而fallasleep指的是一时的动作)79.at(prep)在….点钟；在某处Hegetsupatsixo’clockinthemorning.TheywerealreadywaitingatthegatewhenIgotthere.当我到达那里时,他们已等候在门口了。JanewillmeetherboyfriendatChristmas.简将在圣诞节和她男友见面。介词搭配:Don'tshoutatme.别对我叫喊。sheisgoodatdescribingthingsorexpressingideas.她善于描述事物或表达思想。Iwokeatthesoundofthebell.随着铃响,我醒了。以(某种价格、速度等)Theysoldtheclothatadollarayard.他们以每码一元的价格出售这种布。Theshipwasgoingatfullspeedwhenithittherock.该船正在全速行驶时触礁。80.Atlantic大西洋81.attention(n)注意;注意力;专心Don’tpayattentiontowhattheysay.别在意他们所说的。Anarticleinthenewspapercaughtmyattention.报纸上一篇文章引起了我的关注。Attention,please!PassengersforflightKL412arerequestedtogotogate21.请注意！请KL412航班的旅客立即到21号门登机。82.August(n)八月LastAugustwasthehottestmonthinhistory.去年八月是历史上最热的月份。83.aunt(n)伯母;婶母;姑母;姨母;舅母84.Australia(n)澳洲，澳大利亚85.Australian(a.n)86.autumn(n)秋季,秋天成熟期;渐衰期;theautumnofhislife.他正处中年。87.available(a.)(可用的,在手边的;可利用的Theswimmingpoolisavailableonlyinsummer.这个游泳池只在夏天开放。可得到的,可买到的（后置定语）Istherewateravailablearoundhere?附近弄得到水吗?Thiswastheonlyroomavailable.这是唯一可用的房间。【2009安徽中考试题】--Hello!GoldenSunHotel.CanIhelpyou?--Doyouhavearoom_____forthisweekend?A.availableB.usefulC.emptyD.possible88.avoid(v)避开,躲开避免[(n./+v-ing)]Iavoidedhimasmuchaspossible.我尽量避开他。Theyallavoidedmentioningthatname.他们都避免提及那名字。Sheavoidedansweringmyquestion.她避而不答我的问题。Trytoavoidaccidents尽量避免事故。派生词：avoidable可以避免的89.awake(v)唤醒，醒来：Iawokefromadeepsleep.我从沉睡中醒来。Hervoiceawokethesleepingbaby.她的声音惊醒了睡着的孩子。补：Hewasverytired,buthetriedtokeephimawake.他很累但他强迫自己保持清醒。Hewastheonlyoneboyawakeatthattime.他是当时唯一醒着的孩子。（awake前没有修饰语时，做定语只能后置）90.away(ad.)离开Hehasn’tbeenawayfromhomebefore.以前他从没有离开过家。Let’skeepawayfromdrugs.让我们远离毒品！(用在名词后)隔开...远;尚有...时间Thehotelisonlytwomilesaway旅馆离开这里只有两英里。Christmasisstillmonthsaway.离圣诞节还有几个月。词组：dieaway渐渐消失；rightaway立刻，马上doawaywith废除；passaway死，逝世；【经典试题】Myfather_______onbusinessfor2weeks.He’llreturnin3days.A.leftB.hasleftC.hasgoneD.hasbeenawayB91.baby(n)婴儿;家中年龄最小的Shehasafive-month-oldbaby她有一个五个月的婴儿Whichofyouisthebabyofthefamily?你们当中谁是家中年龄最小的人?92.back(ad.n)回(原处);向后;后面的;背后,背Someonepattedmeontheback.有人在我背上轻轻地拍了一下。Grandpaandgrandmasatinthebackofthecar.爷爷和奶奶坐在汽车后排的座位上。JoanandIwalkedbacktothecollege.我和琼步行回到学校。Pleasegobackthreesteps.请退后三步。93.background(n)背景;出身背景Herdresshadpinkflowersonawhitebackground.她的衣服是白底粉红色花。Heisamanofhighculturebackground.他是位受过高等教育的人。Whatwasthebackgroundtothestory.这故事的时代背景是什么？94.bad(a.)(worse,worst)坏的,恶劣的;有害的,不利的;Theweatherwasreallybad.天气真糟。Ifeltbadallday.我整天觉得不舒服。Readinginbedisbadfortheeyes.躺在床上看书有损视力She’sgotabadheadache.她头痛得厉害。Themeathasgonebad.这肉已坏了。Theyarrivedatabadtime.他们来得不是时候。badly坏，拙劣，不利地Don’tspeakbadlyofothers.别说人家坏话HedoesbadlyinEnglish.他英语学得不好95.bag(n)袋;提袋96.ball(n)球;球状体；舞会Theladieswerealldressedbeautifullyattheball.舞会上女士们全都穿得很漂亮。ballpoint=ballpointpen圆珠笔abirthdayball生日舞会97.balloon(n)气球Manychildrenlikeballoons.99.bamboo(n)竹子BamboosarewidelygrowninsouthernpartsofChina.竹子在中国南部种植很广。99.banana(n)香焦100.bank(n)(河、海、湖的)堤；银行Ikeepmymoneyinabank.我的钱存在一家银行里Theystoodontheriverbanktofish.他们站在河岸边钓鱼PAGE4101.baseball(n)棒球Iliketoplaybaseball.我喜欢打棒球102.basic(a.)基本的，基础的,初步的。Thesepointsarebasic,withoutthem,theplancannotwork.这几点是根本的，没有它们，这份计划就行不通。103.basket(n)篮子sheboughtabasketofpeaches.她买了一篮桃子104.basketball(n)篮球运动[U]篮球[C]Theboysplayedbasketballintheafternoon.男孩们下午打篮球。Thecatisplayingwithabasketball.105.bathroom(n)洗澡间*bath（n）(洗澡):Hetakesabatheverymorning.他每天早晨都洗澡。*bathe(v)洗澡，游泳Don’tbathetoosoonaftereating.刚吃完饭不要马上去洗澡106.be(is,am,are,was,were,being,been)Whatwereyoudoingfrom9to11thismorning?今天上午九点到十一点你在做什么?Heisworking.他在工作。Itwillbediscussedtomorrow.此事将在明天讨论。Iamateacherandtheyaremystudents.我是老师,他们是我的学生。Bequiet,please.请安静。Therearealotoftouriststhere.那里有许多观光客Hewillbehereallnextweek.下周他将一直呆在这儿。Ifshe'ssleeping,letherbe.如果她在睡觉,就别惊动她。【2010安徽中考试题第41题】--HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai,Mary?--Yes.I___thereforthreedayswithmyparentslastmonthA.havegoneB.havebeenC.wentD.was【经典试题】Kate’sneverlateforschool,______?A.isn’tsheB.issheC.hassheD.hasn’tshe107.beach(n)海滩108.bear(n)熊【补充】粗鲁的人She’snicebutherhusbandissuchabearthatnobodylikeshim.她人不错，可是她丈夫粗鲁，没有人喜欢他109.beat(n,v)敲打;跳动;打赢;(音乐)节拍Hebeathisbrotherforlying.他因为他的兄弟说谎而揍他Hisheartwasstillbeating.他的心脏还在跳。IthinkJackcanbeatalltherunnersinthecountry.我认为杰克可以胜过这个国家的所有赛跑选手。--Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?--Well.It’ssurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschoolwasbeaten名词：（音乐）节拍Everymemberofthebandmustfollowthebeatveryclosely.乐队的每一个成员都必须紧跟节拍。110.beautiful（a,）美丽的,漂亮的，出色的,完美的Shehasabeautifulface她有一张漂亮的脸蛋。111.because(conj)因为Ididn’tgobecauseIwastired.因为我累了，所以我没去。补：becauseof因为，由于Theplanewaslatebecauseofthebadweather.飞机因恶劣天气晚点了.【2009安徽中考试题】--DidyoucallSaraback?--Ididn’tneedto,_______we’llhaveameetingtogethertonight.A.thoughB.unlessC.becauseD.if112.become(became,become)变成,成为；适合;Itseemsthathehasbecomeveryfondoftheboy.似乎他变得十分喜爱这男孩。Thiscolorbecomesyou.这颜色适合你。113.bed(n)床;睡觉;;(河)床;(海、湖的)底;底部;It’stimeforbednow.现在到睡觉时间了.Thebedoftheriverhasbeenpolluted.这条河的河床受到了污染.【补充】gotobed就寝,makethebed铺床bedtime就寝时间114.bedroom(n)卧室115.bee(n)蜜蜂Thebeeisgoingfromflowertoflower.116.beef(n)牛肉ThebeefIhadatsupperwasverydelicious.117.before(prep,ad.conj)在…以前(前面);以前;在…之前Onlytwodaysremainedbeforetheexamination.考前只剩下两天了。Yournamecomesbeforemine.你的名字在我之前。Pridecomesbeforeafall.骄必败。Hewasneverlatebefore.过去他从不迟到。Haveyoutwometbefore?你们两人以前见过面吗?Checkitcarefullybeforeyouhanditin.交来之前仔细核对一下。beforelong不久（相当于soon）longbefore很久以前补充词义：与其...宁可;否则,要不然I'ddiebeforeI'dtell.我宁死也决不会说出来。GetoutbeforeIcallthepolice.滚开,否则我叫警察118.begin(v)(began,begun)开始，着手。Afterrunninghalfakilometre,Ibegantofeeltired.--I’mthinkingofacountryinAsia.--Whatdoesitbeginwith?(=Whatisthefirstletter?)beginning(n)开始,开端119.behaviour=behavior(n)行为,举止good/badbehaviour良好/恶劣行为socialbehaviour社会行为behave(v)守规矩，行为120.behind(prep)在...的背后;在...的后面；支持Thereisagardenbehindthehouse.屋后有个花园。Georgealwaysfallsbehindhisschedule.乔治老是不能按时完成计划。Sheknewthat,whatevershedecided,herfamilywasrightbehindher.她知道，无论她作出什么决定，她的家人都支持她。121.believe(v)相信--Doeshestillworkthere?--Ibelieveso/not.我想是/不是Believeitornot,heaskedmetomarryhim。信不信由你，他向我求婚。*【派生词】believeable可信任的*belief(n)信条，信念122.bell(n)钟,铃,钟声，钟形物123.below(prep)(指位置，数量，程度)在...下面;在…以下Herskirtcamebelowherknees.她的裙长过膝。Thecostofthewholeworkwasbelowtwothousanddollars.办理此事的全部费用在两千元以下。Thetemperaturesremainedbelowfreezingallday.气温一整天都保持在冰点以下。124.beside(prep)在...近旁;在旁边;HesatdownbesideEmma.他在艾玛身旁坐下。125.besides(prep,ad)在...之外,除...之外；此外,而且,加之Whathashedone,besidesreadingthepaper?除了看报,他还做了什么?Besidesworkingasadoctor,healsowritesnovelsinhissparetime.除了当医生之外，他在业余时间还写小说。Thedrivercouldn'tseeeither.Besides,theroadsarenearlyimpassable.刚才司机也看不清楚。而且这些路简直无法通行。Besides,Iwantyoutopromisemeonething.此外,我要你答应我一件事。126.between(prep)(指时间、空间、顺序等)在...之间T。Thereisapathbetweenthehouseandtheroad.有条小路将房子与出路连接起来。(指数量、距离、程度等)介乎...之间Heisamanbetweensixtyandseventy.他的年龄约在六十到七十之间。【2008安徽中考试题】--Whatdoyouoftendo____classestorelaxyourself?Listentomusic.A.overB.amongC.betweenD.through127.beyond(prep)在(到)…较远的一边;超过Theexercisewasbeyondtheabilitiesofmostoftheclass.练习超出了大多数学生的能力。It’sbeyondmewhyshemarriedhim.我无法理解她为什么嫁给他。Thedorrbellonthewallwasbeyondthebaby’reach.墙上的门铃小孩子是够不着128.big(a.)(在面积、体积、数量、程度等方面)大的,巨大的;年龄较大的;重大的;;;;夸口的Howbigthebirthdaycakeis!这生日蛋糕好大呀!’Itissaidthatourbosshasabigdecisiontomakesoon.据说我们老板不久要作出一项重大决定。Don’tcry,youareabigboynow.别哭了，你已经是大孩子了。Noonelikeshisbigtalk.人人都讨厌他的吹牛。129.bike=bicycle(n)130.bill(n)账单，钞票，纸币，清单；纸币；法案；议案Thestoresentmeabillfor$50.那家商店寄给我一张五十美元的帐单。Ihavefiveone-dollarbills.我有5张一美元的钞票Weareallforthebill.我们都赞成这项议案。131.bird(n)鸟;禽birdcage（n）鸟笼birdflu禽流感swineflu猪流感132.birth(n)出生;诞生IamaChinesebybirth.我生为中国人.givebirthto生…生产,引起birthplace（n）出生地，故乡133.birthday(n)生日Hegavemeagiftonmytwelfthbirthday.Happybirthday!生日快乐!134.biscuit(n)饼干135.bit(n)一点，一些，少量的abitof=alittleI’vegotabitofmilktodrink.There’sbeenabitoftroubleattheoffice.办公室里出了点儿麻烦事。abit=alittlebitThisshoesareabittight.这鞋有点儿紧。Theshoesarealittlebittight.这鞋有点儿紧。136.bitter(a.)苦的，痛苦的，怀恨的；严酷的；难过的Themedicinetastesbitter.此药味苦。Whywashesobitteragainstme?他为何对我如此刻薄?Thebitterwinterwascoming.寒冬到了。Shefeelsverybitter.她感到十分心酸。We’velearntfrombitterexperiencenottotrustwhathesays.我已从痛苦的经验中得到教训，不要相信他的话。Theylearnedabitterlesson.他们接受了惨痛的教训。137.black(a.n)黑色的；(咖啡)不加牛奶(或奶油)Itwasacold,blacknight.那是个寒冷而漆黑的夜晚。Twoblackcoffees,please.请来两杯不加牛奶咖啡。138.blackboard(n)黑板139.blind(a.)瞎的,盲的;视而不见的Heisblindinoneeye.他一只眼睛失明。Heisblindtohisson’sbadbehaviour.他对他儿子的坏行为视而不见。（blind表示“某人是盲人”时，只能以人做主语，不能用eye做主语：Heisblindintherighteye.他右眼是瞎的，不能说Hisrighteyeisblind.）140.blood(n)血,血统Theyareofthesameblood.他们是血亲。Bloodisthickerthanwater.血浓于水。141.blow(blew,blown)(v)吹,刮风，吹气Youarenotblowinghardenough.你没有用劲吹。Itwasblowinghard.刮着大风。142.blue(n,a.)蓝色(的)，忧郁的，发青的,悲伤的，沮丧的Herhandswerebluewithcold.她的双手冻的发青。He’dbeenfeelingblueallweek.他整个星期不乐。Youarelookingblue.What’sthematter?你看起来挺忧愁，怎么回事？143.board(n)木板，布告牌;委员会；（政府的）部membersoftheboard.全体委员Hehasaseatontheboardofdirectors.他是董事会成员。Theexamresultswentupontheboard.考试成绩张贴在布告牌上【补充】boardingschool寄宿制学校144.boat(n)小船boatrace(n)划船比赛boating(n)划船（游玩），泛舟145.body(n)身体；躯干；尸体bodylanguage身体语言146.book(n)书,书本,书籍;著作;报章杂志(v)预定，定（房间，车票）I’dliketobookatablefortwofor8o’clocktonight.我想订一张今晚8点钟的两人餐桌。I’msorryWearefullybooked.对不起，客满了。Bookcase书橱bookmark书签bookshelf书架bookshop/bookstore书店bookma文人147.boring(a.)令人生厌的;乏味的Itwasboringtosittherewithoutanythingtodo.无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了。Heisaboringman.他是个令人讨厌的人。148.born(a.)出生的,诞生的;产生的；天生的,生来就有的ThebabywasbornlastFriday.孩子是上星期五生的。Shewasconsideredabornmoviestar.她被看成是天生的电影明星。Shewasborntosucceed.她注定会成功的。149.borrow(v)借,借入(+from)；借用;采用(+from)Howmuchhaveyouborrowedfromhim?你向他借了多少钱?的。150.boss(n)领班，老板Iaskedmybossforaholiday.