【课件】Unit 5 Discover useful structures 课件高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

DiscovingUsefulStructures

P53

新人教选择性必修Book2

Unit5FirstAid

TranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish.（1）你可以想象，烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害。（2）治疗烧伤的第一步也是最重要的一步是进行急救。

（3）最好将烧伤处置于清凉的自来水下，尤其是在起

初十分钟内（4）如果有必要，用剪刀把衣服剪掉，除非你看到布

料粘在烧伤的皮肤上。（5）你可以用一块宽松干净的布覆盖烧伤部位。Leading-inLeading-inReadthesentencesbelow.1.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.3.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.4.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.5.Youcanprotecttheburnbycoveringitwithacleancloth.Whatisthefunctionofthe-ingformineachsentencebelow?(Subject主语)(Predicative表语)(Objectafterapreposition介词后面的宾语)(Attribute定语)(Adverbial状语)(Objectcomplement宾语补足语)Canyouexpressthesameideaswithoutusingthe-ingform?1.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.3.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.Asyoucanimagine,ifyougetburnt,itcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsistogivefirstaid.Itisbesttorunsomecoolwaterandplaceburnsunderit,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.Canyouexpressthesameideaswithoutusingthe-ingform?4.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.Usescissorstoremoveanyclothesifnecessary,unlessyoufindthatthefabricisstickingtotheburntskin.Toprotecttheburntarea,youcancoveritwithaloosecleancloth.5.Youcanprotecttheburnbycoveringitwithacleancloth.Replaceeachunderlinedpartwithasuitable-ingformandrewritethesentenceasnecessary.1.Whenhegotoutofthebathtub,heslippedandfellonthefloor.2.Isthereanyreasonwhywearenotgoingtohave

thefirst-aidtrainingthisweek?3.Shehadbeentoldabouttheriskofelectricshocksandthismadeherverycarefulwhileusinghairdryers.Whengettingoutofthebathtub,heslippedandfellonthefloor.Isthereanyreasonfornothavingthefirst-aidtrainingthisweek?(否定式)4.Becausethechildwasnotwatchedcarefullybyhisparents,hetouchedahotironandburnthisfinger.5.Aftershehadbeenbittenbymosquitoes,sheappliedsomemedicinetoherskin.Havingbeentold

abouttheriskofelectricshocks,shewasverycarefulwhileusinghairdryers.Notbeingwatchedcarefullybyhisparents,thechildtouchedahotironandburnthisfinger.Afterbeing/havingbeenbitten

bymosquitoes,sheappliedsomemedicinetoherskin.(完成式的被动语态)(被动语态的否定式)

(被动语态/完成式的被动语态)复习动词-ing形式Reviewofthe-ingformPresentation

主动语态被动语态肯定式否定式肯定式否定式一般式doing完成式havingbeen

done一、-ing形式的结构notdoingbeingdonenotbeingdonehavingdonenothavingdonenothavingbeen

done（1）动词­ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首，谓语动词用单数。Havingawalkeverydayhelpstomakeonekeephealthy.每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。。Climbingmountainsisreallydifficultfortheold.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。二、-ing形式的用法1．作主语（2）形式主语it代替动词­ing形式作主语。

此类句式常见的有：It'sawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪费时间It'suseless/worthwhiledoingsth.

做某事没用/是值得的It'snogood/use/fundoingsth.

做某事没好处/没用/没意思Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.

劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。Itisnogood/useregrettingforthepast.

悔恨过去是没用的。1.Itisnouse/good_______(cry)overspiltmilk.2.Itisuseless_______(try)toexplain.3.Itisawasteoftimeandmoney_______(see)thatmovie.4.Thereisnogood/use(in)_______(argue)withhim.5.Thereisnopoint(in)________(hurry)togetthere.即学即练：cryingtryingseeingarguinghurrying2．作宾语动词­ing形式作宾语时，表示动作的对象，或代替it作真正的宾语，如：(1)Wetriedtoavoidmakingmistakes.(2)Haveyou

consideredlookingfor

onespecialfriend?(3)Doyoufeellikehavingawalkwithmeaftersupper?(4)Idon'tthinkitpossiblelivinginsuchacoldplace.Keyanddifficultpoints（1）某些动词或动词短语之后只能接动词-ing形式作宾语：考虑建议盼原谅:consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,pardon承认推迟没得想:

admit,delay/putoff,fancy/imagine避免错过继续练:

avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice否认完成停能赏:deny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciate不禁介意准逃亡:

can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape禁止冒险凭想象:forbid,risk,imagine难以忍受始反对:can’tstand,setabout/getdownto,objectto想要成功坚持忙:feellike,succeedin,insiston,bebusy(in)...习惯放弃有困难:getusedto,giveup,havedifficulty/trouble(in)...导致专心不推迟:leadto/contributeto,bedevotedto,putoffA.接doing和todo意思基本相同的常见的有:

like,love,hate,prefer,continue,begin/startB.接动词-ing形式或todo作宾语时意义差别较大的动词有：remember/forgettodosth.记着/忘记要做某事remember/forgetdoingsth.记着/忘记做过某事regrettodo/doingsth.遗憾要做/后悔做了某事（2）既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词trytodo/doingsth.

努力做/试着做某事meantodo/doingsth.

打算做/意味着做某事stoptodo/doingsth.停下来去做（另一件

事）/停止做某事can’thelp（to）do/doingsth.不能帮忙做/禁不住做某事Theystoppedtohavealookatthefantasticscenery.

他们停下来，看了看这美妙绝伦的风景。Theystoppedworkingandhadarest.

他们停止工作，休息了一下(3)用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词­ing形式。其结构如下：主语＋think/consider/find/feel/believe+it＋useless/nouse/nogood/...＋doing..1.Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggested_______(stop)atthenexttown..2.

Doyouconsideritgood________(try)again?3.Asformyfutureplan,Iwillstickto_________(recite)poems.4.I’mlookingforwardto________(hear)fromyou.5.Myfathergetsusedto______(go)tobedlateand________(get)upveryearly.6.Wouldyoupayattentionto__________(listen)tothematerialscarefully?即学即练：recitinghearinggoinggettinglisteningstoppingtrying3．作表语动词-ing形式作表语：说明主语的性质、状态或内容，如：Thefilmisinteresting.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Myjobislooking

afterthechildren.Hisconcernforhismotherismosttouching.注：动词-ing形式作表语表抽象的一般性的行为，而不定式作表语表一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。e.g:Tony’shobbyisdrawing，butnowwhathewantstodois（to）dance.

托尼的爱好是画画，可是现在他想要做的是跳舞。(1)Judgingfromhislook，thenewswas

（shock）.(2)Thesituationbothathomeandabroadisvery

（inspire）.(3)Onepartofhisworkis

（make）monthlyadvertisingbudgets.(4)Onemistakeyoumadeis

（ignore）thedifferencebetweenthetwofindings.(5)Yourtaskforthenextfewdaysis

（read）theadaptationfromthenovel.即学即练：shockinginspiringmakingignoringto

read4．作定语(1)单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面,既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能,也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。drinkingwaterawalkingsticktiringmusicasurprisingresult(2)–ing形式短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，

并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.Theman

standingthere

isPeter’sfather.=Theman

whoisstandingthereisPeter’sfather.(3)-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.(1)Generallyspeaking，theflowers

（smell）sweetcanattractmorebees.(2)Theseoldhouses

（追溯到）the1500sareunderrepairnow.(3)Advertisersattempttocatchthereaders’interestwithpicturesand

（令人兴奋

的标题）.(4)Todaytherearemoreairplanes

（载着更多人）thaneverbeforeinthesky.即学即练：smellingdatingbacktoexcitingheadlinescarryingmorepeople5．作宾语补足语(1)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.Ifoundabaglyingontheground.(2)当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.(3)能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词：A.表示感觉和心理状态的动词,常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。Wesawalightburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypatting

meontheshoulder.Canyousmellanythingburning?B.表示指使意义的动词,常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。Iwon’thaveyou

doing

that.Thissetmethinking.I’msorrytohave

keptyouwaiting.(4)作介词with

的宾补,在“with+宾语+doing”结构中，doing表示主动或进行。

Withthefinalexamapproaching，thestudentsarestudyingharder.【注】

“with+宾语+done”表示被动或完成；

“with+宾语+todo”表示尚未发生。

Helayinbedwithhiseyesfocusedontheceiling.他躺在床上，眼睛盯着天花板。

Withaninterviewtotake，hefeltalittlenervous.要参加面试，他感到有点儿紧张。(1)Weshouldn’tkeephim

（continue）towastehistimeplayinggames.(2)WhenIcamein，IsawLinda

（comfort）thecryinggirl.(3)China’simageisimprovingsteadily，withmorecountries

（recognize）itsroleininternationalaffairs.(4)Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withaChristmastree

（stand）inthemiddle.(5)Hewasjustabouttositdownwhenhefeltsomething

（move）nearhisfeet.即学即练：continuingcomfortingrecognizingstandingmovingBeingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,makingitthemostpopularsong.Walkingahead,youwillseeawhitehouse.Admittingwhatyousay,Istillthinkyouarewrong.6．作状语表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。表原因表伴随表时间表结果表条件表让步1.Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.

______,hedidn’tgotoschool.2.Whenshewaswalkingalongthestreetoneday,shemetanoldfriendofhers.

___________thestreetoneday,shemetanoldfriendofhers.3.Ifitissunny,we’llgoforapicnictomorrow.___________,we’llgoforapicnictomorrow.BeingillWalkingalong用-ing形式改写句子,使该句与所给句子的意思相同。Itbeingsunny即学即练：4.Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV._____________herhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.5.Becausetheyhadbeenwarnedbytheteacher,theydidn’tmakesuchmistakes._________________bytheteacher,theydidn’tmakesuchmistakes.6.Asitwasaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.________________,alltheshopswereshut.ItbeingaholidayHavingfinishedHavingbeenwarnedCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthegivenwords.

ProductionMrsTaylorwasanelderlywoman______(live)alone.Oneday,shewasinherlivingroomcleaningthewindows,whensuddenlyshecouldnolongerfeeltherightsideofherbody._____(try)towalktohersofatositdown,shefelloverontothecarpet.Thensherealisedthatshecouldnotgetup,andthatshewashavingtrouble________(breathe).Fortunately,shehadhermobilephonewithher,andshewasabletoreachitwithherlefthandwhile_____(lie)onthefloor.Hermobilephone_______________(already,setup)tocallanemergencynumberatthepushoflivingTryingbreathinglyingwasalreadysetupabutton,soitwaseasytocallforhelp.Whileattemptingtotalktotheoperator,MrsTaylordiscoveredthatshecouldnotspeak._________(not,hear)ananswer,theoperatorknewthatMrsTaylormustbeintrouble.TellingMrsTaylorthateverythingwouldbeOK,sheimmediatelysentanambulance.After________(arrive),theambulanceteamquicklyfoundMrsTaylorandwithoutdelaygaveheroxygen,putinanIVneedle,andcheckedhervitalsigns.______________(take)tothehospitalandtreatedimmediately,MrsTaylor'shealthwasinnogreatdanger,thoughshehadtostayinthehospitalward.Afteraweek,her________(frighten)experiencewasover,andshewasallowedtogohome.Not

hearingarrivingHaving

been

takenfrighteningDiscussion（1）Whathappenedt