读后续写整体思路及进阶句型学案 高三英语二轮专题

高考冲刺读后续写整体思路及进阶句型(下)修辞提升方法无灵主语无灵主语，一种英语语法结构。在英语表达中，语并非总是由人或有生命的事物才能与行为动词结合，当"无灵主语"搭配"有灵动词"，产生的句子更能彰显中西方文化、思维方式的差异。无灵主语句可以丰官句型，使语言瞬间充满生命力。同时，减少人称主语的使用，增加表达的客观性。以下几个类型的无灵主语句将帮助学生更深入了解无灵主语句，避免汉语的负迁移，形成英语思维模式，使语言表达更地道、更准确。从而帮助我们在写作中取得高分!A.无灵主语句的结构构成:无灵主语+有灵动词无灵主语指的是:物品、动作、情感、时间、地点等，有灵动词指的是:有生命的事物的动作和行为，如:see.find,escape,witness,seize(抓住，)deny(否认),creepove(涌上心头),strike(击),dawn(出现worminto(慢入)overcometakepossessionof(占领),swallow(吞"),givewayto,desert,wellup,tear...这类句子往往带有拟人化的修辞色彩。举几个例子:我想不起他的名字了中国学生:Icouldn’trememberhisname./Iforgethisname英国学生:Hisnameescapedme./Hisnamefailedme./Hisnameslippedmymind./Hisnamedidn'ttakerootinmymind.我突然有了一个好主意。无灵句表达:1.Agoodideasuddenlyoccursto/hits/strikesme.2.Agoodideaflashes/jumps/comes/intomymind3.Agoodideasuggestsitselftome.4.Agoodideacomesacrossmymind5.Itoccurstomethat/Itdawnsonmethat...B.无灵主语句的应用:(1)表示时间的名词做主语，谓语动词用“witness……find.....see……来表达发生的事情。例如:1.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberofchangesthattookplaceinourcounty过去的三十年里，我们国家发生了很多变化。Theyear1949witnessedthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicOfChina1949年中华人民共和国成立了。3.Springseesaseaofblossomsandcheerfulfaces春天是花的海洋，也是满心欢喜的笑脸的海洋。(2)表示地点的名词做主语，谓语动词也常用”witness”“see""find".....来表达发生的事情。例句如下:Thetownboastsabeautifullake镇上有个美丽的湖，人人以此自豪2.Beijingfirstsawtheraisingofthefive-starredflaginTian’anmenSquare五星红旗首先在北京天安门广场上升起。3.BritainSawthefirstjetairlinein1952第气式飞于1952年在国诞生4.Romewitnessedmanygreathistoricevents罗马发生过许多重大历史事件(3)表示情感类名词或心理活动的名词作主语谓语动词常用seize,visit，haunt,comeover,sweepover.wellup...例句如下:Couragedesertedhim.他没有了勇气。Deserted"舍弃2.Anxietytornhimintopieces，他焦虑万分，肝肠寸断。3.Bynowoptimismhadgivenwaytodoubt.现在，乐观变成了怀疑4.Angerchokedmywords，我气得说不出话来。choked"阻塞;抑制5.Afloodofhorrorsuddenlysweptoverhim.他突然感到不寒而栗6.Despairseizedhauntedhimatthethoughtofhisfailureintheexam想到考试的失败，他万念俱灰。Astonishmentdeprivedmeofmypowerofspeech.我惊得说不出话来Fearrootedhertotheground恐惧使她站在地上一动不动。root"固定9.Anembarrassedlaughescapesmythroat我不由自主地笑了一声escape"声音(不自觉地)"由.....发出10.Tirednessbegantocreepovermeliketide疲倦像水一样向我袭来人修辞手法修辞---比喻比喻是最常见的修辞手法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，从而更生动、更深刻地说明道理，增强语言的表现力。比喻分为明喻和和暗喻。A.明哈直接表明本体和喻体的相似之处，常用的明喻标志词有like,as,seemas...asasif,asthough，similarto等。基本格式是:本体+比词+喻体。例如:TheUSAislikeabigmeltingpotwhereimmigrantsofdifferentculturesorracesformanintegratedsociety.句型赏析Loveislikethewind.youcan'tseeitbutyoucanfeelit爱如风，你看不见，但你能感受到它。Thehouselookssomethinglikeacastle.(景物描写)那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。(somethinglike...有点像...)Hemovedlikelighteningbeforethepolicecame还没等警察到来，他像闪电一样地跑Thecountry,coveredwithcherrytreeflowers,looksasthoughitiscoveredwithpinksnow(情景描写)这个国家益着樱花看起来好像被粉红色的雪益着Icouldn’tmovemylegs.Itwasasiftheywerestucktothefloor.我的腿动不了，就好像给固定在地板上似的。B.暗喻英语暗喻(metaphor)为英语辞格(figureofspeech)用法之一。与明(simile)不同的是，暗喻不用诸如like或as之类的功能词。句型赏析:1.Somebooksaretobetasted;othersswallowed;andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.一些书可以浅尝辄止;一些书可以狼吞虎咽，而有些书需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化----培根2.Abadapplespoilsthebunch害群之马3.Lifeisajourney.Enjoytheride.C:倒装在写作中倒装句应用比较广泛，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和全部倒装。常见的有1.”only+状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。PeoplefromallovertheworldcanonlyinthiswaycommunicateeasilyandeffectivelyOnlyinthiswaycanpeoplefromallovertheworldcommunicateeasilyandeffectively以及由no，none.neither,nor,notnever.hardly,littleseldom等否定通，的否定短语如atnotime,bynomeans学置于首时，句子用部分倒装Weshouldignoreexamanxietyonnoaccount我们绝对不应该忽视考试虑Onnoaccountshouldweignoreexamanxiety.3.在so/such...that...结构中，当so/such.·位于句首时，其后的句子用部分装。IwassoexcitedthatIcouldn’twaittotrymyhandatridingit.However,itwasharderthanexpected.SoexcitedwasIthatIcouldn’twaittotrymyhandatridingit.However,itwasharderthanexpected我太激动了，迫不及待地要试着骑它。然而，这要比想象中难得多了。e.g.SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.他的英语说的很清楚，别人总是能听懂他的话。4在notonly..--..but(also)型中，如果notonly置于首，需notonly导的句子倒装,但but(also]引导的子不倒装。e.g.Notonlydiditbroadenourhorizons,butalsoenrichedourexperience这不仅开阔了我们的视野，还丰富了我们的经历。完全倒装即整个谓语放在主语前结构:谓语动词+主语表示方向、时间或方位、地点的副词或介词短语,置于句首，用完全倒装。如:here,there,now,then,up.down,in,out,away,intheroom.onthewall等。(注:主语以须是名词;若主语是代词不能倒装。e.g.Onthetableweresomeflowers.桌上是一些花Outrushedthechildrenlaughingloudly.孩子们大声笑着冲了出去D:用which引导的非限制性定语从合并和升级子例期:We'llalsospendsomefuntimetogether,singing,dancingandplayinggames.Wehopeitwillmakethemhappy升级:We'llalsospendsomefuntimetogether,singing,dancingandplayinggames,whichwehopewillmakethemhappy我们也会一起度过一段愉快的时光，唱歌跳舞玩游戏，我们希望这样能使他们开心E:用what和that引的名词性从句E.g.Inaddition,whatmayworryyoumostisthatIamreallynervousandupsetwhentalkingtheexam(what引导主语从)此外，让你最担心的是，考试时我真的感到沮丧和紧张。e.g.Theyhavedonatedwhattheyhavetohelpthepoorgirl.(what引导宾语从句)他们倾其所有去帮助这个可怜的小女孩。F:调型强调句型的使用是为了突出强调句子的某一部分，它是一种比较容易掌握的高级表达方式其构成:Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他。Wecreatedaharmoniousatmospherewithsincerityandfaithfulness.Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.F:被动结构升级策略e.g.PeoplehavedifferentopinionsonthequestionOpinionsaredividedonthequestion，关于这个间题，人们意见各异E.g.WeshouldadoptpropermeasurestodealwithitbeforeitistoolatePropermeasuresshouldbeadoptedtodealwithitbeforeitistoolateG:adj.+adj.主+doing结构/with复合结构e.g.Surprisedanddelighted,hestooduptoaccepttheprize,feelingproud既意外又开心，他站起身来去领奖，感到非常自豪。Desperateandexhausted,Janekneltdown,withtearsrollingdownhercheeks绝望又疲惫，Jane蹲了下来，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。实战演练2021年新高考全国卷1阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文AMOTHER'SDAYSURPRISEThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother'sDayHowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.TherewasnothingtoitJennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.Thebigdaycaneatlast.Thealarmrangat6am.ThepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchenTheydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.JeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddingsomemilkJennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next,Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime,sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute,theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully,JeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquicklyButthestovewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge,ButJeff'shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehimputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.注意:1，续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位盟作答。Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment,theirfatherappeared.Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup主题:孩子为母亲准备的母亲节惊喜，歌颂孩于对母亲的爱范文赏析:Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment,theirfatherappeared.WhenseeingJeff'shandburned,hewentandfetchedthefirst-aidkitandtreateditinstantly.“Whydoyoucookbyyourselves?Don'tyouknowit'sdangerous?"shoutedthefatherwithanger.TodayisMother'sDay.WewanttopreparebreakfastandgiveMotherabigsurprise.Hearingthis,thefathersmiledandwhispered,"HowIamproudofyou!Let'sdoittogether!"Itwasnotlongbeforeaperfectbreakfastwaswelldone,givingoffanicesmell.Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup.Atthesightofthemealthemotherfeltalittleconfused,askingwheredidyougetthisbreakfast?"WehavedoneitwithFather.It'sasurpriseforyouonMothersDay."respondedJeff.hisfacebloominglikeafl