初中英语主谓一致用法及专项练习题带解析

初中英语主谓一致用法及专项练习题带分析初中英语主谓一致用法及专项练习题带分析初中英语主谓一致用法及专项练习题带分析初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致一定依据三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。Tomisagoodstudent.汤姆是个勤学生。Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.他们常常在操场上踢足球。意义一致:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,所以谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。Myfamilyishavinglunchnow.我们一家人此刻正吃午餐。Myfamilyhasmovedthreetimes.我们家搬过3次。就近一致:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最凑近他的主语。比方:Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslikeplayingfootball.不但老师喜爱踢足球,并且他的学生也喜爱踢足球。Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk课.桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。二、主谓一致常考题型单数名词(代词,不行数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词作主语,谓语用复数形式。ThedeskisTom’张这s.桌子是汤姆的。Somewaterisinthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.这些学生正在操场上踢足球。manya+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“好多”,但谓语要用单数形式。ManyastudenthasbeentoShanghai许.多学生到过上海。3.morethanone+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing不.止一个学生以前去过北京。表示时间,价格,重量,数量,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些平常作一个整体看法,谓语用单数形式。比方:Twomonthsisalongholiday.两个月是一个长假。Twentypoundsisn’tsoheavy英.镑20其实不太重。Tenmilesisn’talongdistance英里.10其实不是一段很长的距离。Fiveminusfourisone.5减4等于1。但是,假如时间,距离,价格,胸怀衡的服饰名词与pass,goby,waste,use,spend等词连用时,谓语动词用复数,如:FiveyearshaspassedsinceIjoinedtheParty我.入党5年了。5.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat每.个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每个男人和女人都在工作。oneandahalf+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。Oneandahalfhoursisenough一.个半小时足够了。一个动词不定式,动名词,主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Toseeistobelieve.目睹为实。Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有利。两个动词不定式,动名词,主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Whathesaysandwhathedoesdonotagree他.言不衷心。Swimminginsummerandskatinginwinterarehisgreatpleasure夏.游泳,冬滑雪是他最大的乐趣。a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语,谓语动词用单数。Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.一两个学生考试不及格。比较:oneortwo+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用用复数。Oneortwostudentswereplantingtreesyesterdayafternoon昨.天下午有一两个学生在种树。9.当主语部分含有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,asmuchas,including,besides,except,but,inadditionto,like,ratherthan等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式平常由句首主语来决定,在这样的句子里,这些词所指引的词组不影响主语自己的单复数形式,它们在句子中实际上是状语。MikewithhisparentshasbeentoEngland迈.克同他的父亲母亲去过英格兰。Mike'sparentswithMikehasbeentoEngland.迈克父亲母亲同迈克去过英格兰。由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时,一般用复数形式,但是(1假如and所连接的并列主语是同一个人,事物,或看法时,谓语动词用单数。这时,名词虽由and连接,但只有一个限制词:a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词,指的是同一个人或物,两个限制词:a/the+单数名词+anda/the+单数名词,指两个人或物。Thewriterandteacheriscoming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人(2两个单数名词用and连接表示不行切割的整体做主语时,位于用单数,如:Breadandbutteristheirdailyfood.面包和黄油是他们的平常食品。这种词常有有:warandpeaceironandsteeltruthandhonestyaknifeandfork(3在each...andeach,every...andevery,no...andno,manya...andmany等aand链接并列单数主语的结构中,谓语动词用单数。Everymanandeverywomanhaswork每.个男人和女人都有工作。Nosoundandnovoiceisheardforalongwhile很.长时间没有听到一点儿声音。people,police等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语,若指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,若指一个详尽成员时,谓语动词复数形式。Peoplehereareveryfriendly.这儿的人很友善。Hisfamilyisn’tlarge他家的.人不多。MyfamilyalllikewatchingTV.我们一家人都喜爱看电视。不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing作主语,谓语动词用单数。Iseveryoneheretoday.今日大家到齐了吗?Somethingiswrongwithhim.他有弊端。Nobodywasin.没有人在家。13.each,either,neither,another,theother作主语,谓语动词用单数。EachofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典。Neitheransweriscorrect.两个答案都不正确。以—s结尾的名词自己不表示复数意义,谓语平常用单数形式,如news,maths,physics等,Nonewsisgoodnews.没有信息就是好信息。Mathsisverypopularinourclass在我们班数学很受欢迎。由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;由or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,not连接两个but名,词或代词作主语时,依据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。EithermywifeorIamgoing.Neitheryou,norI,noranyoneelseknowstheanswer.Notonlyyoubutalsoheisreadytoleave.假如either,each,neither作主语,则动词为单数形式。Eachofushashislikesanddislikes.Neitherofthebooksisveryinteresting.假如主语是由“aseriesof,akindof,aortionpof等+名词”构成时,动词一般用单数形式。Aseriesofpre-recordedtapshasbeenpreparedforlanguagelaboratoryuse.但avarietyof,anumberof,agroupof+名词复数,动词要用复数形式;而thenumberof/thevarietyof+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。Onexhibitionthereareagreatvarietyofconsumergoods.Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthundred以here,there开头的句子,若主语在两个或两个以上,谓语动词平常与周边的主语一致。Thereisabookandthreepensonthedesk.Herearesomebooksandpaperforyou.the+形容词表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式,表示抽象看法时,用单数形式。Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.Thebeautifullivesforever.美是永存的。19.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语时,其谓语用单数形式Oneandahalfbananasisleftontable桌.子上还有一根半香蕉。20.what指引的主语从句,当它表示复数意义时,位于动词用复数。Whathewantedaresomebooks他.想要的不过几本书。21.两个形容词共同修饰一个单数名词,若两个形容词都带有冠词,作主语时,谓语用复数;若只有一个冠词是,表示一个人或物,谓语动词用单数。Theredandthewhitecoataremine.Theblackandwhitecowismine.22.由两部分构成的物体:shoes,glasses,trousers,gloves,scissors等复数名词作主语时,谓语用复数。Hisblacktrousersaretoolong他.的那条黑色裤子太长了。但是,若这种名词与apair连用时,谓语动词一般用单数。Thereisapairofglassesonyourbed你.的床上有衣服眼镜。23.akindof,thiskindof,manykindsof+名词和名词+ofthiskind以及由kind意思相似的type,sort等构成的的近似的短语作主语时,谓语动词与of前面的名词保持一致,如:Anewtypeofmachineisonsalenow.MachinesofthisnewtypearemadeinZhejiang.Thiskindofapplesishighlypriced.注意:假如种类不是一种而是多种,谓语动词应为复数。Therearemanykindsofpearsinshops.24.主语由一定及否定两部分构成时,谓语和一定部分一致。NotyoubutIamtoanswerforit.三、一定与否定一致以下形容词、副词、代词从一定句变为否定句时须作相应的变化。We'vehadsome(money.→Wehaven'thadany(money.Iwastalkingtosomeone.→Iwasn'ttalkingtoanyone.Theysometimesvisitus.→Theyrarely(never,seldomvisitus.Hehasarrivedalready.→Hehasn'tarrivedyet.Liiscomingtoo.→Liisn'tcomingeither.Bothofusaregoing.→Neitherofusisgoing.Helikesbothofthem.→Hedoesn'tlikeeitherofthem.注意:so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。MywifelikesclassicmusicverymuchandsodoI.Shedoesn'tlikejazzandneitherdoI.主谓一致专项练习题EitherJaneorSteven_____watchingTVnow.A.wereB.isC.wasD.areTwodays_______enoughformetofinishthework,Ineedathirdday.A.isn’tisaren’tare3.—Howmanylessonsdoyouusuallyhaveaday?—Sixlessonsaday.Andeachofthen_____45minutes.A.lastB.lastsC.haveD.are4.NeitherLiPingnorI_______abasketballplayer.A.amisbeareThere______manynewwordsinlessonone,Itisveryeasy.A.isB.aren’tC.isn’tD.areThenumberofthestudentsinourschool____1200.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveMaths_______myfavoritesubject.beisamare8.Theboywiththetwodogs_____whentheearthquakerockedthecity.A.weresleepingB.issleepingC.wassleepingD.aresleepingEveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.areB.isC.wereD.wasThatplaceisnotinterestingatall,____ofuswantstogothere.NeitherBothAllSomeNobodybutJane_____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknowD.is12.—What’sontheplate?Someeggsandcakesonit?—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.A.isB.areC.wasD.were13.Thispairofglasses______mine.A.areB.beC.isD.willbe14.BothLilyandLucy______tothepartyyesterday.A.invitedB.wasinvitedC.hadinvitedD.wereinvited15.—Twomonths______quitealongtime.—Yes,I’mafraidthathewillmisslotsofhislessons.A.isarewaswereInthecitytheold_______.A.takegoodcareofB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakengoodcareofD.arebeentakengoodcareofHisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly,Hisfamily______ahappyone.A.are,isB.is,isC.are,areD.is,areThesingerandthedancer_____cometoBeijing.hashaveareis19.Thechildreninthisclasseach_____newschoolbag.havehashasgotarehavingAllbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.wereIfBob'swifewon'tagreetogoonholidayinwinter,_____________.A.neitherhewillB.neitherwon'theC.neitherwillheD.hewon'tneitherIhaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.______________.A.sohasheB.NeitherhehasC.HehastooD.Hehasn'teither23.“I'mgoingtovisittheLuGouBridgetomorrow.”“________.”A.IamsoB.SoamIC.SogoID.SoIgo24.Youaswellashe________toblame(责备fortheaccident(交通事故.areishavehasNeithermywifenorImyself_______abletoteachmydaughtertosingEnglishsongs.isaream主谓一致练习题参照答案(1.B(2.A(3.B(4.A(5.B(6.A(7.B(8.C(9.D(10.A(11.B(12.B(13.(14.(15.A(16.B(17.A(18.B(19.A(20D(21.C(22.D(23.B(24.A(25.D主谓一致练习题2Ⅰ.从所给的四个选项中选出最正确选项。(1.Collectingstamps_____myhobby.isarehashave(2.Theladywithherlittleson_____walkingalongthelakenow.isarewaswere(3.Bothofthetwingirls_____wearingredclothestoday.isarewantD.wants(4.Eachofthestudents_____aWalkman.havehasthereisthereare(5.Allofmymoney_____stolenlastnight.iswashashave(6.Thepolice_____fortherobbersnow.A.issearchingB.aresearchingC.issearchedD.aresearched(7.Halfofthestudents_____fromabroad.isarecomeshascome(8.Twokilometers_____alongway.You’dbettertakeataxi.isarewaswere(9.Mostofthecountry_____grassland.areis(10.WhatIhavetoldyou_____asecret.Pleasedon’ttellothers.areiskeepkeeps(11.Notonlyyoubutalsohe_____theexam.A.waspassedB.haspassedC.hadpassedD.ispassed(12.Thispairofglasses_____mewell.fitfitshavefittedisfitted(13.Physics_____acoursethateverystudentmusttake.havehasisare(14.Who_____thetwowomentalkingoverthere?isarewasbe(15.Everyboyandeverygirl_____innewclothestoday.isareweardresses(16.Chinese_____bythelargestnumberofpeople.A.isspeakingspeakspeaksisspoken(17.Alettersentbetweencomputers_____calledane-mail.areishavehas(18.Thepopulationofthistown_____300,000.areishavehas(19.—What_____thenumberoftheworkersinthefactory?—Twothousand.Andalargenumberofthem_____women.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are(20.—_____thispairofshoesyours?—No.Myshoes_____underthebed.A.Is;isB.Are;areC.Is;areD.Are;is(21.Inthecitytheold_____.A.takegoodcareofB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakengoodcareofD.takesgoodcareof(22.TheGreens_____gettingreadyfortheirjourney.A.ispreparepreparesare(23.Themusicianandwriter_____tovisitourschool.enjoysenjoy(24.Noneofthemoney_____his.areishas(25.—DoyoulikewatchingcookingprogrammesonTV?—No,Idon’t,butmytwinbrother_____.He’sveryfondofcooking.doesdoisare(26.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.areiswerewas(27.We’vegottwoTVsets,but_____workswell.anybotheitherneither(28.Theheadmasteraswellasalltheteachers_____.(29.Twofifthsofthem_____YoungPioneers.isarejointoD.joins(30.Themusictheyplayed_____verywonderful.issoundarelistens(31._____you_____heisabletoski,butIam.A.Both;andB.Notonly;butalsoC.Either;orD.Neither;nor(32.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly.Hisfamily_____ahappyone.A.are;isB.is;isC.are;areD.is;are(33.—Doyouneedmoretimetofinishthework?—Yes,anothertendays_____enough.A.areiswerewas(34.Howtimeflies!Tenyears_____passed.havehasisare(35.Thispairofjeans_____Tina’s.areisbeam(36.—Howmanyclassesdoyouusuallyhaveaday?—Sixclassesaday.Andeachofthem_____45minutes.A.lastB.lastsC.haveD.are(37.NeitherLiMingnorI_____abasketballplayer.amisbelongtobelongsto(38.There_____manynewwordsinlessonone.Itisveryeasy.isaren’tisn’tare(39.NobodybutJane_____thesecret.knowknowsdon’tknowhaveknown(40.—What’sontheplate?—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.A.isB.arewaswere(41.Allbutone_____herejustnow.iswashasbeenwere(42.Neithertheteachernorthestudents_____intheclassroomatthatmoment.werewasweren’twasn’t(43.There_____enoughfoodinthefridge.Youhavetobuysomeonyourwayhome.A.isn’tisarearen’t(44.Sheistheonlyoneofthe_____writerswho_____storiesforchildren.A.woman;writesB.woman;writeC.women;writesD.women;write(45.Iwonderifsomeone_____goingtotakemehomewhe