高中非谓语动词讲解

Welcometomyclass!Welcometoourclass!2021/5/91非谓语动词解题策略指导Non-predicateVerb1.todo2.-ing3.done2021/5/921.Thenewsmeeting,tobeheldinthathall,hasalreadybeencrowdedwithreporters.2.Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.3.ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.4.Toliveistostruggle.(生活就是斗争。)找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）2021/5/93下面从两个方面来复习非谓语动词1.非谓语动词解题四大步骤2.非谓语动词的七大经典原则2021/5/94非谓语动词解题四大步骤2021/5/95（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”______manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2.______manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.BeingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.ThoughhewastoldC___A注意连词2021/5/963.It___ahotday,we’dbettergoswimming.

4.____arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.isB.tobeC.beingD.ItbeingE.ItwasF.beenCE注意标点符号2021/5/97

非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。（二）找逻辑主语1.Walkingalongthestreetoneday,shesawalittlegirlrunninguptoher.2.Sheisreadingabookfoundontheway.3.Convincedofthetruthofthereports,hetoldhiscolleaguesaboutit.

一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。2021/5/98A.totakeB.takingC.tobetakenD.takenDBEverythingthey1._______everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.2.Everything______

intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.2021/5/99（三）分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。1.(10上海卷35).

thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metresinheight.

A.Approaching

B.Approached

C.Toapproach

D.Tobeapproached2.(10陕西卷16)._____fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.

A.Seen

B.Seeing

C.Haveseen

D.Tosee

we

thesouthfootofthemountain2021/5/910（四）分析时态1.Thebuilding____nowwillbearestaurant.2.Thebuilding____nextyearwillbearestaurant.3.Thebuilding______lastyearisarestaurant.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuilt

C.beingbuilt

D.built___C_______B______D2021/5/911二.找逻辑主语三、分析语态四、分析时态一.辨别“谓与非谓”非谓语动词解题步骤方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态2021/5/912非谓语动词的七大经典原则2021/5/913原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.（10全国I34

）

A.buy

B.tobuy

C.buying

D.tohavebought【解析】由于为我爸爸购买礼物是我取钱的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A和C。另外，由于先取后买，故选B。如：为了赶上第一趟公交车，他很早就起床了.

tocatchupthefirstbus.2021/5/914

2.Hehadwonderfulchildhood,_____withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld

((10安徽卷30)

)A.travel

B.totravel

C.traveled

D.traveling

3.Inthe1970s,peoplefromaroundtheworldsettledintheUKtoliveandwork,___foodfromhomewhichattractedtheBritish.(11省统考二12）

A.tobringB.bringingC.broughtD.bring

【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示动作持续了一段时间，故用-ing。句意为：和妈妈游遍世界各地，他度过了自己美好的童年。

原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.2021/5/915－ing形式作伴随状语与todo作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。用括号里的词的适当形式填空1）.Writetotheeditor,

________thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher．（hope）2）.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_________onabigrock．(rest)3）.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,

______alongspeech.(prepare)4）.___________warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep)preparingtoresthopingTokeep,,2021/5/916原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。4.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.

(10江苏卷28

））

A.enabling

B.havingenabled

C.toenable

D.tohaveenabled【解析]此处用-ing表示自然而然的结果。如：Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.

大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。

2021/5/917

6.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.（06陕西卷）

A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told

5.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,_______seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.（10天津卷12）caused

B.havingcaused

C.causing

D.tocause2021/5/918原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式.7.Hisfirstbook

nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.

（10陕西卷19

）

A.published

B.tobepublished

C.topublish

D.beingpublished

2021/5/9198.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose【解析】of后应接-ing，desks与openandclose之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因couldbeheard，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。of2021/5/920原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致.9.Facedwithabillfor$10,000，_____.（2006陕西卷）

A.Johnhastakenanextrajob

B.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajob

C.anextrajobhasbeentaken

D.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn

facedwith(be)facedwith…2021/5/921原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式）

10.Dina,_______formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.（10湖南卷26

）struggling

B.struggled

C.havingstruggled

D.tostruggle

【解析】因为Dina与struggle是主动关系，且struggle

发生在谓语动词took之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。

2021/5/922原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;

用-ing，表示动作正在进行;

用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。11.(10重庆卷34).Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone

firstisthelibrary.repaired

B.beingrepaired