2021年湖南省永州市中考英语之阅读重点词汇及练习（八）

2021中考英语之阅读重点词汇及练习（八）

阅读中重点词汇

centre（美center）n.中心，中央

Acenturyn.世纪，百年

certaina,一定的pron.某几个，某些

certainlyad.当然

chairn.椅子

Achalkn.粉笔

Achallengen.挑战，具有挑战性的事物

chancen.机会，可能性

changev.改变，变化，更换，兑换

cheapa.便宜的，贱

checkn检查,批改；v.校对，核对，检查，批改

Acheerv..欢呼，喝彩，加油n欢呼声，喝彩声

▲chemistryn.化学

▲chessn.棋

chickenn,鸡，肌肉

child（pl.children）n.孩子，儿童

Chinan.中国

Chinesea.中国的，中国人的，中国话的，汉语的n.中国人，中国话，汉语，中文

chocolaten.巧克力

choicen.选择；选择权

coinn.

choose(chose,chosen)vt.选择

Christmasn.圣诞节（12月25日）

cineman.电影院，电影

circlen.圆圈vt.将…圈起来

cityn.市，城市，都市

classn.（学校里的）班，年级，课

classmaten.同班同学

classroomn.教室

cleana.清洁的，干净的v.弄干净，擦干净

cleara.清晰的,明亮的,清楚的

clevera.聪明的，伶俐的

climbv.爬，攀登

clockn.钟

closev.关，关闭a.&ad.亲密的，近，靠近

clothesn.衣服，各种衣物

cloudn.云；阴云；云状物

cloudya.多云的，阴天的

clubn.俱乐部，纸牌中的梅花

▲coachn.&v.

阅读理解A

Knownasa"livingfossil”,theChinesesturgeon（中华鳍）isavery

preciousspecies.Itisbelievedtohavelivedalongsidethedinosaursmorethan

140millionyearsago.

Althoughdinosaursarelongsincegone,theChinesesturgeonstillexiststo

thisday.However,thespecieshasbeenlistedas"CriticallyEndangered“onthe

InternationalUnionforConservationofNature'sRedListofThreatened

Species.AccordingtoCGTN,damsandoverfishing（过度捕捞）affectits

reproduction（繁殖）.In2018,accordingtotheNaturalResourcesDefense

Council,theannualrateofreproductionwasbetween4.5percentandzero.

OnMay14,Shanghailegislators（立法机构）passedanewlawprotecting

theChinesesturgeon,emphasizing"regionalcooperation”,accordingtoChina

Daily.

“Thisisthefirstlocallegislationinthecountrytoprotectoneendangered

fish,^^saidDingWei,directorofthelegislativeaffairscommittee（法制委员会）

oftheShanghaiMunicipalPeople'sCongress.

ExpectedtotakeeffectonJune6,theregulationurgescooperationinlaw

enforcement（实施），scientificresearchandrescue（拯救）ofthespecies

betweenShanghaiandotherprovincesandregionsintheYangtzeRiverbasin,

accordingtoPeople'sDaily.

Theneedforcollaborative（合作的）effortsisduetothelivinghabitatof

theChinesesturgeon.Asananadromous（溯河产卵的）species,itmainlylives

intheYangtzeRiveranddependsontheYangtzeestuary（河口）formigration

（迁移）.

TheprotectionoftheChinesesturgeonisurgent.Chinabegantheartificial

propagation（人工繁殖）andreleaseofthefishin1984.However,veryfewof

thefarmedfishhavesurvivedinthewild.Thenumberoffirstfilialgeneration

Chinesesturgeons（子一代中华鱼寻亲鱼）throughartificialbreeding（培育）is

lessthan1,000,accordingtoareportbytheShanghaiObserver.

Whetherthisspeciescanbepreserved（保护）dependsonthenatural

population."Ifthenaturalpopulationisnotwellprotected,theChinese

sturgeonisindangerofextinction（灭绝）JLiFurong,vicechairpersonofthe

AgriculturalandRuralAffairsCommitteeofShanghaiMunicipalPeople's

Congress,saidinthereport.

WiththenumberoftheChinesesturgeoninsharpdecline,Chinahasused

differentmeasurestopreservethespecies.In2002,Shanghaifirstsetupthe

naturalreserve（保护区）forthesturgeoninthemouthoftheYangtzeRiver.In

2018,theStateCouncilissuedaguidelinetoimprovebiodiversity（生物多样性）

intheYangtzeRiverregion.Itstatedthathumanactivities,includingbuilding

dams,waterpollutionandoverfishinghavehadasevereimpactonaquatic（水

生的）lifeintheYangtzeRiver.

SinceJan1ofthisyear,a10-yearfishingbanonkeyareasoftheYangtze

Riverbasinhasbeenissued,covering332naturereserves,whichincludes

Shanghai'sChinesesturgeonnaturereserve.

1.WhatisthenewlawpassedonMay14inShanghaiabout?

A.Forbiddingfishinginthearea.

B.ProtectingtheChinesesturgeon.

C.IncreasingthereproductionoftheChinesesturgeon.

D.ListingtheChinesesturgeonasanendangeredspecies.

2.WhatdoweknowabouttheChinesesturgeon?

A.ItmainlylivesinthewatersofShanghai.

B.Artificialpropagationtechnologycoststoomuch.

C.Farmedfishtendtolivelongerthanthenaturalones.

D.Savingthespeciesdependsonprotectingtheirnaturalpopulation.

3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.China'sefforttoprotecttheChinesesturgeon.

B.CausesofthedeclineintheChinesesturgeonpopulation.

C.Theimportanceofregulationscontrollinghumanactivities.

D.TheeffectsofhumanactivitiesonaquaticlifeintheYangtzeRiver.

阅读理解B

DicklivedinEngland.OnedayinJanuaryhesaidtohiswife,"Fmgoing

toflytoNewYorknextweekbecauseI'vegotsomeworkthere.0"Whereare

yougoingtostaythere?"hiswifeasked."Idon'tknowyet.”Dickanswered.

"Pleasesendmeyouraddressfromthereinatelegram（电报）Jhiswifesaid.

"Allright,nDickanswered.

HeflewtoNewYorkonJanuary31standfoundanicehotelinthecenter

ofthecity.Heputhisthingsinhisroomandthenhesenthiswifeatelegram.

Heputtheaddressofhishotelinit.

Intheeveninghedidn'thaveanywork,sohewenttoacinema.Hecame

outatnineo'clockandsaid,"NowFmgoingbacktomyhotelandhaveanice

dinner."

Hefoundataxi（出租车）andthedriversaid,"Wheredoyouwanttogo?”

ButDickdidn'trememberthenameandaddressofhishotel.

"Whichhotelaremythingsin?”hesaid,"AndwhatamIgoingtodo

tonight?"Butthedriverofthetaxididnotknow.SoDickgotoutandwentinto

apostoffice.Therehesenthiswifeanothertelegram,andinithewrote,

"Pleasesendmemyaddressatthispostoffice/1

Choosetherightanswer

4.DickflewtoNewYorkbecause

A.hewentthereforaholidayB.hehadworkthere

C.hewentthereforsightseeing（观光）D.hishomewasthere

5.Whydidhiswifewantatelegramfromhim?

A.Becauseshedidn'tknowhisaddressyetB.Becauseshewantedto

gotoNewYork,too

C.Becauseshemightsendhimanothertelegram

D.Becauseshecouldn'tleaveherhusbandbyhimselfinNewYork

6.WheredidDickstayinNewYork?

A.Inthecenterofthecity.B.Inahotel.

C.Inarestaurant.D.Athisfriend'shouse.

7.Whowouldsendhimthenameandaddressofhishotel?

A.Themanager（经理）ofhishotel.B.Thepoliceoffice.

C.Thetaxidriver.D.Hiswife.

8.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

A.Dickstayedatanicehotelinthecenterofthecity.

B.Dickdidn'tworkonthefirstnightofhisarrival.

C.Dickforgottosendhiswifeatelegram.

D.Dickwantedtogobacktohishotelinataxi.

阅读理解C

Populationsofwhite-taileddeer（白尾鹿）aregrowingrapidlyinmanypartsof

theUnitedStates.Aspopulationsgrow,foodbecomesaproblem.Manydeerdieof

hunger.Othersgrowupsmallandunhealthy.Insearchoffood,hungrydeermove

closertowherehumanslive.Theyeatfarmcrops,vegetablesandeventrees.Besides,

increasednumbersofdeernearroadscancausetrafficaccidents.

Peopleadmirethegraceandfastspeedofdeer.Mostpeopledon'twantthese

animalstobehungryandill.Shouldpeopletakeactiontocontrolthegrowingdeer

populations?

ShouldPeopleTakeDirectAction?

Manypeoplethinkthathunting（打猎）isthebestwaytocontroltheanimal

populations.Wildlifemanagerswillseeifthere'senoughfoodinanareaanddecide

itscarryingcapacity（容量）.Thenhunterswithlicensesaresenttohelpcontrolthe

numberofdeer.Huntingisusuallynotallowedincitiesorsuburbs,however.

Somepeoplehavetheideatocatchthedeerandmovethemtootherplaces.But

thismethodisexpensiveandrequiresfindinganotherplacethatcanacceptthedeer

withoutbreakingthebalanceofecosystem.

Scientistsarealsoworkingtodevelopchemicalstocontrolthebirthrateindeer

populations.Butthisplanworksforonlyoneyearatatime.

ShouldPeopleTakeIndirectAction?

Somesuggestbringinginnaturalenemiesofdeer,suchaswolves,lionsandbears,

toareaswithtoomanydeer.Buttheseanimalscouldalsohurtdogs,cats,andeven

humans.Othercommunitieshavebuilttallfences（篱笆）aroundareastokeepoutthe

deer.However,thisisimpossibleforfarmers.

Somepeopleareagainstanykindofaction.Theysupportleavingthedeeralone.

Animalpopulationsinanareanaturallygoupanddownovertime.Doingnothing

meansthatsomedeerwill