高二下学期英语阶段性阅读理解魔法带练(14)讲义

【passage23】①Whentemperaturesrise,humanssweat,dogspant(喘息),andcats..don'tmoveenoughtooverheat?Well,partially.Cats,whichneedtomaintainaninternalbodytemperatureof101°Fto102F,haveseveralmethodsforkeepingcoolinswelteringweather.②It'samisconceptionthatcatssweatthroughtheirpawstocoolthemselvesoff.Assummerwearsonyoumightseemoistpawprints,butasveterinarianKimberlyMaytoldTheWashingtonPost,“Anysecretions(分泌物)thereorfromtheirnose,mouth,ortonguearenotforsweating;they'reforprotectionandmoistureandareinsufficienttocooltheblood.”③Instead,catsrecreatethesweatingprocesswhichissimilartohuman'sviaevaporation(蒸发)bygroomingthemselvesregularly.Thesaliva(唾液)fromtheirtonguesactslikesweatthatcoolstheirbodywhenitevaporateswhichiswhyyoucanalsohelpcoolyourcatdownbyusingadampwashclothtolightlywettheirfur.Inextremeweather,catswillalsopant,butunlikedogswhopantregularlytokeepthemselvescool,apantingcatisasignofmoredangerousoverheatingorotherseriousdiseases.④Andifyou'retemptedtoshaveyourfurfriendtohelpkeephimcooldon't!⑤“Furactsasathermalregulatortoslowdowntheprocessofheatabsorption,”JamesH.Jones,anexpertinparativeanimalexercisephysiologyandthermoregulationattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis,toldTheWashingtonPost.⑥Furcoatsarehighlyevolvedinthewintertheykeepanimalswarm,butinthesummer,theyworkbothtoprotectdelicateskinfromthesunandslowdehydration,Jonesnotesthat,accordingtoresearch,shavedcamelsperformedworseinthedesertsthanthosewiththeirfurundamaged.⑦Butevenwiththesemethodsforkeepingcool,catsalsoneedtostayindoorstokeepfortable.Soeventhoughtheyevolvedfromwildancestorsandareabletotoughitout,leavetheairconditionerorafanonforyourcatswhenyougoout,andmakesuretoleavethemplentyofwater.【素材来源：湖北省荆门市20232024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题】83.Whatisthemonmisunderstandingofhowcatscoolthemselvesoff?A.Catspantregularlytokeepthemselvescool.B.Catsrarelyknowhowtocoolthemselvesdown.C.Catssweatthroughtheirpawstocoolthemselvesoff.D.Catsproducesecretionsfromtheirtongueforprotection.84.Howdoestheauthorclarifycats'recreatingthesweatingprocess?A.Bymakingparison.B.Byanalyzingdata.C.Byexplainingcauseandeffect.D.Bylistingnumbers.85.Whyareshavedcamelsmentionedinthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Toshowthecamelsareresistanttoheat.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofthefurcoats.C.Toillustratethefurcoatsarehighlyevolved.D.Toprovethefurcoatsunnecessaryinsummer.86.What'sthemainideaofthearticle?A.Changingpeople'swrongviewsoncats'cooling.B.Tellingustohelpcatscoolthemselvesinsummer.Uncoveringthesecretsofcatscoolingthemselvesoffparingcatswithotheranimalsonkeepingcool.【魔法带练】串联题干Whatisthemonmisunderstandingofhowcatscoolthemselvesoff?Howdoestheauthorclarifycats'recreatingthesweatingprocess?Whyareshavedcamelsmentionedinthelastbutoneparagraph?What'sthemainideaofthearticle?主题词归纳：shavedcamels,cats,sweatingprocess83.Whatisthemonmisunderstandingofhowcatscoolthemselvesoff?关于猫如何给自己降温，常见的误解是什么?A.Catspantregularlytokeepthemselvescool.猫经常喘气以保持凉爽。B.Catsrarelyknowhowtocoolthemselvesdown.猫很少知道如何让自己凉快下来。C.Catssweatthroughtheirpawstocoolthemselvesoff.猫通过爪子出汗来降温。D.Catsproducesecretionsfromtheirtongueforprotection.猫从舌头分泌分泌物来保护自己。同义替换：misconception=misunderstanding②It'samisconceptionthatcatssweatthroughtheirpawstocoolthemselvesoff.猫通过爪子出汗来降温是一种误解。Assummerwearsonyoumightseemoistpawprints,butasveterinarianKimberlyMaytoldTheWashingtonPost,“Anysecretions(分泌物)thereorfromtheirnose,mouth,ortonguearenotforsweating;they'reforprotectionandmoistureandareinsufficienttocooltheblood.”84.Howdoestheauthorclarifycats'recreatingthesweatingprocess?作者是如何解释猫重现出汗过程的?A.Bymakingparison.通过比较（通过转折的行文逻辑透视比较）B.Byanalyzingdata.通过分析数据C.Byexplainingcauseandeffect.通过解释因果关系。D.Bylistingnumbers.通过列出数字②It'samisconceptionthatcatssweatthroughtheirpawstocoolthemselvesoff.Assummerwearsonyoumightseemoistpawprints,butasveterinarianKimberlyMaytoldTheWashingtonPost,“Anysecretions(分泌物)thereorfromtheirnose,mouth,ortonguearenotforsweating;they'reforprotectionandmoistureandareinsufficienttocooltheblood.”③Instead,catsrecreatethesweatingprocesswhichissimilartohuman'sviaevaporation(蒸发)bygroomingthemselvesregularly.相反，猫通过定期梳理自己来重现出汗过程——这与人类的蒸发过程相似(蒸发)。Thesaliva(唾液)fromtheirtonguesactslikesweatthatcoolstheirbodywhenitevaporateswhichiswhyyoucanalsohelpcoolyourcatdownbyusingadampwashclothtolightlywettheirfur.Inextremeweather,catswillalsopant,butunlikedogswhopantregularlytokeepthemselvescool,apantingcatisasignofmoredangerousoverheatingorotherseriousdiseases.85.Whyareshavedcamelsmentionedinthelastbutoneparagraph?为什么剃了毛的骆驼只出现在最后一段?A.Toshowthecamelsareresistanttoheat.为了证明骆驼是耐热的。B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofthefurcoats.强调毛皮大衣的重要性。C.Toillustratethefurcoatsarehighlyevolved.为了说明皮毛是高度进化的。D.Toprovethefurcoatsunnecessaryinsummer.为了证明皮衣在夏天是不必要的。⑥Furcoatsarehighlyevolvedinthewintertheykeepanimalswarm,butinthesummer,theyworkbothtoprotectdelicateskinfromthesunandslowdehydration,毛皮大衣是高度进化的——在冬天，它们可以保暖，但在夏天，它们既可以保护娇嫩的皮肤免受阳光的伤害，也可以减缓脱水，Jonesnotesthat,accordingtoresearch,shavedcamelsperformedworseinthedesertsthanthosewiththeirfurundamaged.86.What'sthemainideaofthearticle?这篇文章的主旨是什么?A.Changingpeople'swrongviewsoncats'cooling.改变人们对猫降温的错误看法。B.Tellingustohelpcatscoolthemselvesinsummer.告诉我们在夏天帮助猫降温。C.Uncoveringthesecretsofcatscoolingthemselvesoff揭开猫咪降温的秘密D.paringcatswithotheranimalsonkeepingcool.猫和其他动物在保持凉爽方面的比较⑦Butevenwiththesemethodsforkeepingcool,catsalsoneedtostayindoorstokeepfortable.但即使有这些保持凉爽的方法，猫也需要呆在室内保持舒适Soeventhoughtheyevolvedfromwildancestorsandareabletotoughitout,leavetheairconditionerorafanonforyourcatswhenyougoout,andmakesuretoleavethemplentyofwater.【逐句翻译】第一段：Whentemperaturesrise,humanssweat,dogspant(喘息),andcats..don'tmoveenoughtooverheat?气温升高时，人类会出汗，狗会喘气(喘息)，而猫……运动量不够会导致过热?Well,partially.不完整的Cats,whichneedtomaintainaninternalbodytemperatureof101°Fto102F,haveseveralmethodsforkeepingcoolinswelteringweather.句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰cats句意：猫需要保持体内温度在101华氏度到102华氏度之间，它们有几种方法在闷热的天气里保持凉爽。【超纲词解析】Swelteringadj.闷热的;热得没气力的Wewereswelteringatthebeach.我们在沙滩上热得难受.第二段：It'samisconceptionthatcatssweatthroughtheirpawstocoolthemselvesoff.句子结构分析：itis...that...是强调句句意猫通过爪子出汗来降温是一种误解。【真题必考词汇】Pawsnoun.爪子Thedogpawedatmysleeve.狗一直挠我的衣袖。Assummerwearsonyoumightseemoistpawprints,butasveterinarianKimberlyMaytoldTheWashingtonPost,“Anysecretionsthereorfromtheirnose,mouth,ortonguearenotforsweating;they'reforprotectionandmoistureandareinsufficienttocooltheblood.”句子结构分析：as引导时间状语从句句意：随着夏天的过去，你可能会看到潮湿的爪印，但正如兽医金伯利·梅告诉《华盛顿邮报》的那样，“它们身上或鼻子、嘴巴或舌头上的任何分泌物(分泌物)都不是用来出汗的;它们是用来保护和保湿的，不足以冷却血液。”【超纲词解析】Secretionn.[生]分泌;分泌物;藏匿，隐藏Additionally,themechanismofsecretionofHPOwasdetermined.这就提示我们,HPO可能同这些蛋白类似,具有其独特的分泌机制.第三段Instead,catsrecreatethesweatingprocesswhichissimilartohuman'sviaevaporation(蒸发)bygroomingthemselvesregularly.句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰thesweatingprocess；by后接方式状语句意：相反，猫通过定期梳理自己来重现出汗过程——这与人类的蒸发过程相似(蒸发)。【真题必考词汇】Besimilarto...与…相似;类乎;类Withunderwaterkick,yourmovementshouldbesimilartoawave.在水下踢腿时,你的身体动态应该如波浪一样.Thesaliva(唾液)fromtheirtonguesactslikesweatthatcoolstheirbodywhenitevaporateswhichiswhyyoucanalsohelpcoolyourcatdownbyusingadampwashclothtolightlywettheirfur.句子结构分析：that引导定语从句；when引导时间状语从句；which引导定语从句修饰sweat句意：它们舌头上的唾液(唾液)就像汗水一样，当它蒸发时，会给它们的身体降温——这就是为什么你也可以用一块湿毛巾轻轻地打湿它们的皮毛来帮助你的猫降温。Inextremeweather,catswillalsopant,butunlikedogswhopantregularlytokeepthemselvescool,apantingcatisasignofmoredangerousoverheatingorotherseriousdiseases.句子结构分析：who引导定语从句修饰dogs句意：在极端的天气里，猫也会喘气，但不像狗经常喘气来保持凉爽，猫喘气是更危险的过热或其他严重疾病的征兆。第四段：Andifyou'retemptedtoshaveyourfurfriendtohelpkeephimcooldon't!如果你想给你的毛朋友剃毛，让他保持凉爽——千万不要!【真题必考词汇】Betemptedto受诱惑做某事Somepeoplemaybetemptedtogiveuntruthfulanswers.有些人也许会不由得想要作出不实回答。第五段：“Furactsasathermalregulatortoslowdowntheprocessofheatabsorption,”JamesH.Jones,anexpertinparativeanimalexercisephysiologyandthermoregulationattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis,toldTheWashingtonPost.加州大学戴维斯分校比较动物运动生理学和体温调节专家詹姆斯·h·琼斯在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时表示:“皮毛可以作为一种热调节器，减缓热量吸收的过程。”【真题必考词汇】Slowdown（使）慢下来;（使）生产缓慢，（使）变得迟钝Weturnedtoseetheapproachingcarslowdown.我们转身看见驶近的车慢慢停下。第六段：Furcoatsarehighlyevolvedinthewintertheykeepanimalswarm,butinthesummer,theyworkbothtoprotectdelicateskinfromthesunandslowdehydration,Jonesnotesthat,accordingtoresearch,shavedcamelsperformedworseinthedesertsthanthosewiththeirfurundamaged.毛皮大衣是高度进化的——在冬天，它们可以保暖，但在夏天，它们既可以保护娇弱的皮肤免受阳光的伤害，也可以减缓脱水。琼斯指出，根据研究，剃光了毛的骆驼在沙漠中的表现不如那些皮毛完好的骆驼。【真题必考词汇】Protectfrom保护，保卫Workstoprotectfromdamagecausedbychlorine,saltwater,andthesun'sharmful