2017年黑龙江理综、数学高考真题及解析_第1页
2017年黑龙江理综、数学高考真题及解析_第2页
2017年黑龙江理综、数学高考真题及解析_第3页
2017年黑龙江理综、数学高考真题及解析_第4页
2017年黑龙江理综、数学高考真题及解析_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩44页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

绝密★启用前

2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

理科数学

注意事项:

1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体

工整,笔迹清楚

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在

草稿纸、试卷上答题无效

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀

一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项

是符合题目要求的。

3+i,、

1.——=()

1+z

A.1+2/B.1—2zC.2+,D.2—z

2.设集合A={1,2,4},B={x|x2_4x+加=o}.若ADB={1},则8=()

A.{1,-3}B.{1,0}C.{1,3}D.{1,5}

3.我国古代数学名著《算法统宗》中有如下问题:''远望巍巍塔七层,红光点点倍加增,共灯三

百八十一,请问尖头几盏灯?”意思是:一座7层塔共挂了381盏灯,且相邻两层中的下一层

灯数是上一层灯数的2倍,则塔的顶层共有灯()

A.1盏B.3盏C.5盏D.9盏

4.如图,网格纸上小正方形的边长为1,粗实线画出的是某几何体的三视图,该几何体由一平面

将一圆柱截去一部分所得,则该几何体的体积为()

A.90兀B.63%C.42%D.36%

2x+3y-3<0

5.设x,y满足约束条件,2x—3y+320,则z=2x+y的最小值是()

y+3>0

A.-15B.-9C.1D.9

6.安排3名志愿者完成4项工作,每人至少完成1项,每项工作由1人完成,则不同的安排方

式共有()

A.12种B.18种C.24种D.36种

7.甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学一起去向老师询问成语竞赛的成绩.老师说:你们四人中有2位优

秀,2位良好,我现在给甲看乙、丙的成绩,给乙看丙的成绩,给丁看甲的成绩.看后甲对大

家说:我还是不知道我的成绩.根据以上信息,则()

A.乙可以知道四人的成绩B.丁可以知道四人的成绩

C.乙、丁可以知道对方的成绩D.乙、丁可以知道自己的成绩

8.执行右面的程序框图,如果输入的。=-1,则输出的5=()

A.2B.3C.4D.5

9.若双曲线©:;•—本•=1(a>0,b>0)的一条渐近线被圆(x—2)2=4所截得的弦

长为2,则C的离心率为()

A.2B.C.5/2D.--------

3

10.已知直三棱柱ABC-A|B|G中,NABC=120°,AB=2,BC=CQ=1,则异面直线AB1

与BQ所成角的余弦值为()

AV3DV15「屈c百

2553

11.若x=-2是函数/(幻=,+/_1方1的极值点,则/1)的极小值为()

A.-1B.-2c3C.5eD.l

12.已知A48C是边长为2的等边三角形,P为平面ABC内一点,则莎•(而+定)的最小值

是()

c34,

A.-2B.——C.——D.-1

23

二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。

13.一批产品的二等品率为0.02,从这批产品中每次随机取一件,有放回地抽取100次,X表

示抽到的二等品件数,则DX=.

14涵数f(x)=sin2x+y/3COSX——(XG0,-)的最大值是

2]

15.等差数列{%}的前〃项和为S“,%=3,S4=10,则22一=________.

k=\S"

16.已知F是抛物线C:V=8x的焦点,M是C上一点,FM的延长线交y轴于点N.若M为

FN的中点,则怛N|=.

三、解答题:共70分。解答应写出文字说明、解答过程或演算步骤。第17~21题为必做题,每

个试题考生都必须作答。第22、23题为选考题,考生根据要求作答。

(―)必考题:共60分。

17.(12分)

\ABC的内角8,C的对边分别为“力,c,已知sin(/+C)=8sin2t.

⑴求cos8

(2)若a+c=6,AASC面积为2,求b.

18.(12分)

淡水养殖场进行某水产品的新、旧网箱养殖方法的产量对比,收获时各随机抽取了100个网箱,

测量各箱水产品的产量(单位:kg)某频率直方图如下:

(1)设两种养殖方法的箱产量相互独立,记A表示事件:旧养殖法的箱产量低于50kg,

新养殖法的箱产量不低于50kg,估计A的概率;

(2)填写下面列联表,并根据列联表判断是否有99%的把握认为箱产量与养殖方法有

关:

箱产量<50kg箱产量250kg

旧养殖法

新养殖法

(3)根据箱产量的频率分布直方图,求新养殖法箱产量的中位数的估计值(精确到0.01)

P(错误!未找到引用

0.0500.0100.001

源。)

k3.8416.63510.828

n(ad-be)?

(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)

19.(12分)

如图,四棱锥中,侧面以I。为等比三角形且垂直于底面力比。,

AB=BC=-AD,ZBAD=ZABC=90°,石是也的中点.

2

(1)证明:直线CE//平面以8

(2)点M在棱PC上,且直线刎与底面,町所成锐角为45°,求二面角用乂仔。的

余弦值

20.(12分)

丫2

设。为坐标原点,动点M在椭圆C:—+/=1±,过M做x轴的垂线,垂足为N,点P满

2

足标=0丽.

(1)求点Q的轨迹方程;

(2)设点Q在直线4-3上,且丽•而=1.证明:过点户且垂直于OQ的直线/过C的左

焦点E

21.(12分)

已知函数f(x)-a^-ax-xInx,Jif(x)>0.

(1)求a;

(2)证明:/(x)存在唯一的极大值点x0,且/</(/)<2—3.

(-)选考题:共10分。请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答。如果多做,按所做的第一题

计分。

22.[选修4-4:坐标系与参数方程](10分)

在直角坐标系xOy中,以坐标原点为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线£的极

坐标方程为『cos6=4.

(1)M为曲线4上的动点,点P在线段0M上,且满足|。加卜|。尸|=16,求点P的轨迹G的

直角坐标方程;

TT

(2)设点A的极坐标为(2,;),点8在曲线G上,求AONB面积的最大值.

23」选修4-5:不等式选讲](10分)

已知a>0,6>0,/+/=2,证明:

(1)(a+6)(/+〃)?4;

(2)a+b<2.

绝密★启用前

2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

理科数学试题答案

一、选择题

1.D2,C3.B4.B5.A6.D

7.D8.B9.A10.C11.A12.B

二、填空题

2n

13.1.9614.115.16.6

拉+1

三、解答题

17.解:

rr

(1)由题设及/+8+。=%得4I18=85山22,故

2

sinB=4(1-cosB)

上式两边平方,整理得17COS2B-32COSB+15=0

解得cosB=l(舍去),cosB=—

17

]S2

(2)由cosB=—得sinB=—,故S》8c=-acsinB=—ac

217

又也BC=2,则ac=5

由余弦定理及a+c=6得

b2-a2+c2-laccosB

=(a+c)2-2ac(l+cosB)

c17八15、

=36-2x——x(l+—)

217

=4

所以b=2

18.W:

(1)记B表示事件“旧养殖法的箱产量低于50kg”,C表示事件“新养殖法的箱产量不低于

50kgw

由题意知P(4)=P(BC)=P(B)P©

旧养殖法的箱产量低于50kg的频率为

(0.040+0.034+0.024+0.014+0.012)x5=0.62

故P(8)的估计值为0.62

新养殖法的箱产量不低于50kg的频率为

(0.068+0.046+0.010+0.008)x5=0.66

故尸(C)的估计值为0.66

因此,事件A的概率估计值为0.62x0.66=0.4092

(2)根据箱产量的频率分布直方图得列联表

箱产量<50kg箱产量250kg

旧养殖法6238

新养殖法3466

200x(62x66-34x38/

K2=15.705

100x100x96x104

由于15.705>6.635

故有99%的把握认为箱产量与养殖方法有关.

(3)因为新养殖法的箱产量频率分布直方图中,箱产量低于50kg的直方图面积为

(0.004+0.020+0,044)x5=0.34<0,5,

箱产量低于55kg的直方图面积为

(0.004+0.020+0.044+0.068)x5=0.68>0.5

故新养殖法箱产量的中位数的估计值为

0.5-0.34

50+52.35(kg).

0.068

19.解:

(1)取]“中点F,连结EF,BF.

因为E为尸。的中点,所以EFU4D,EF=LAD,由NBAD=N4BC=90°得BC〃4D,又

2

BC=-AD

2

所以EFgBC.四边形8CE尸为平行四边形,CE//BF.

又BFu平面P4B,CE<Z平面PZ8,故CE〃平面E48

(2)

由已知得4D,以A为坐标原点,AB的方向为x轴正方向,忖同为单位长,建立如图所

示的空间直角坐标系A-xyz,则

则/(0,0,0),8(1,0,0),C(l,1,0),尸(0,1,6),

PC=(1,o,-V3),ZB=(1,0,0)则

BM=(x-Ly,z),丽=(x,y-1,z-G)

因为BM与底面ABCD所成的角为45°,而n=(0,0,1)是底面ABCD的法向量,所以

|cos(5M,n)|=sin450,/园=—

1、々J(x-l)”+z22

即(x-1)2+y-z=0

又M在棱PC上,设而:二几斤,则

x=A,y=\,z=乖i一6入

<y=l(舍去),

由①,②得

z=

22

所以M「-亚,1,逅],从而而=「-亚,1,理

122J(22,

设m=(%,外,Zo)是平面ABM的法向量,则

mGAM=0即(2-收)%+2y0+Az0=0

mUAB=0x()=0

所以可取m=(0,-芯,2),于是cos(m,n\=.m.W

''网网5

因此二面角M-AB-D的余弦值为回

5

20.解

(1)设P(x,y),M(x0,y0),设N(xo,0),NP=(x-x0,y),'NM=(0,%)

由沛=亚而得xO=x,%="y

因为M(Xo,yo)在C上,所以—+方=1

因此点P的轨迹方程为V+/=2

(2)由题意知F(-1,0).设Q(-3,t),P(m,n),则

OQ=(-3,i),PF=(-1-m,-n),OQ^F=3+3加一桁,

OP=(tn,n),PQ=(—3—m,t—n),

由5s丽=1得-3m-m2+tn-n2=1,又由(1)知/+/=2,故

3+3m-tn=0

所以研港=0,即为_L而又过点P存在唯一直线垂直于OQ,所以过点P且垂直于OQ的

直线I过C的左焦点F.

21.解:

(1)/(x)的定义域为(0,+8)

设g(x)=ax-a-/"X,则/(x)=xg(x),f(x)>0等价于g(x)>0

因为g(1)=0,g(x)S0,故g,(1)=0,而g,(x)=a-Lg'(1)=a-1,得a=1

若a-1,则g,(x)=1-L当0<x<l时,g'(x)<0,g(x)单调递减;当x>l时,g'(x)>0,g(x)

单调递增.所以x=l是g(x)的极小值点,故g(x)>g(l)=0

综上,a=l

(2)由(1)知/?(*)=>2-彳一》111彳,/>'(>)=2x-2—Inx

设h(x)=2x—2—Inx,则力(%)=2一■-

当XE(。,"时,力’⑴V0;当时,力’(x)>0,所以方(刀)在(0,单调递减,

在+8)单调递增

2

又h(e-)>0,h<0,A(1)=0,所以方(x)在(o,1有唯一零点Xo,在+8)有唯一零点1,

且当x£(0,时,h(x)>0;当x£伍,1)时,h⑺<0,当x£(1,+8)时,h⑴>0.

因为尸(x)=力(才),所以x=x()是f(x)的唯一极大值点

由尸伍)=0得In/=2(%-1),故F(%)=%(1一%0)

由X。€(0,1)得/''(线)<;

因为x=Xo是f(x)在(0,1)的最大值点,由e-6(0,1),'(e-1)x0得

F(/)>F(e")=e"

所以e-2<f(xo)<22

22.解:

⑴设p的极坐标为(P,e)(">o),M的极坐标为3,e)(p]>o),由题设知

|”|=P,3|=TR

由|。河口。4=16得6的极坐标方程夕=4cos。(夕>0)

因此J的直角坐标方程为(x-2『+/=4(¥。0)

(2)设点B的极坐标为⑵,由题设知

\OA\=2,『〃=4cosa,于是AOAB面积

5=;网叫母inZAOB

.J.(万)

=4cos6ri_sin

1Ia----3j

.兀、后

=29sin

I2a----3j-------2-

<2+V3

当or-工时,S取得最大值2+6

12

所以aOAB面积的最大值为2+应

23.解:⑴

(a+b)(a"+町=a。+ab'+a°b+h6

=(/+//)-2///+ab[a[+

2

=4+ab一/)

>4

(2)因为

a+/>)'=/+3a2b+3ab2+bA

=2+3a“a+b)

3(。+6)/3(a+b)

<2+匚_'-(a+8)=2+14)

41

所以(a+6)’<8,因此a+b42.

2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷II(正式版解

析)

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳答案。

A

Inthecomingmonths,wearebringingtogetherartistsformallovertheglobe,toenjoyspeaking

Shakespeare'splaysintheirownlanguage,inourglobe,withinthearchitectureShakespearewrote

for.pleasecomeandjoinus.

NationalTheatreOfChinaBeijing|Chinese

Thisgreatoccasion(盛会)willbethenationaltheatreofchina'sfirstvisittotheuk.Thecompany's

productionsshowthenewfaceof21stcenturyChinesetheatre.Thisproductionof

Shakespeare'sRichardIIIwillbedirectedbytheNational'sAssociateDirector,WangXiaoying.

Date&Time:Saturday28April,2.30pm&Sunday29April」.30Pm&6.30pm

MarjanishviliTheatreTbilisiIGeorgian

OneofthemostfamoustheatresinGeorgia,theMarjanishvilijoundedin1928,appearsregularlyat

theatrefestivalsallovertheworld.ThisnewproductionofAsYouLikeItishelmed(指导)bythe

company'sArtisticDirectorLevanTsuladze.

Date&Time:Friday18May,2.30pm&Sunday19May/7.30pm

DeafinitelyTheaterLondonIBritishSignLanguage(BSL)

BytranslatingtherichandhumouroustaxtofLove'sLabour'sLostintothephysicallanguageof

BSL,DeafinitelyThertrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespeare'scomedyandaimstobuilda

bridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience.

Date&Time:Tueaday22May,2.30pm&Wednesday23May,7.30pm

HabimaNationalTheatreTelAvivIHebrew

TheHabimaisthecentreofHebrew-languegetheatreworldwide,FoundedinMoscowafterthe1905

revolution,thecompanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920szSince1958,theyhavebeen

recognizedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespeare'sTheMerchantofVenice

markstheirfirstvisittotheUK.

DateDate&Time:Monday28May77.30&Tuesday29May,7.30pm

21.whichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina?

A.RichardIII.B.Lover'sLabour'sLost

C.AsYouLikeItD.ThemerchantofVenice

22.WhatisspecialaboutDeafinnitelyTheatre?

A.TthastwogroupsofactorsB.ltistheleadingtheatreinLondon

C.ltperformsplaysinBSLD.ltisgoodatprductingcomedies

23.WhencanyouseeaplayinHebrew?

A.Onsuturday28ApiLB.OnSunday29April

C.OnTuesday22May.D.OnTuesday29May

21-23AAD

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是,法士比亚的戏剧被翻怪成几个国家的语言,并将在这些国家的

大剧院上映的这一事件。

21.细节理解题。根据FiisproductionofShakespeare'sRichardIIIwillbedirectedbytheNational'sAssociate

Director,WangXiaoying^,可知RichardII】将要在中国国家大剧院上映。故选A。

22.细节理解题。根据"DeafinitelyThertrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespeare'scomedyandaimstobuilda

bridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience何知,DeafinitdyThertre

的特殊之处在于由两组演员。故选A。

23.细节理解题。根据“DateDate&Time:Monday28May,7.30&Tuesday29May,7.30pm阿知,可以在5月29

日,星期二这一天,在箱伯来观看戏剧。故选D。

B

IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandthe

SundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm-it

wantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon'tknowhowmanypeople

wouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.

ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslater

haditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionof

theaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharacterswe

weregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:

humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.

Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心、)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.

Wesharedthebriefthatifyou'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomething

back—hewithhisNewman/sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,

andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn'tseeeachotherallthat

regularly,zxx.kbutsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandby

showingupatevents.

Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He'dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhat

thedealwas,andwedidn'ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn'tneedalotofwords.

24.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletoauthoratfirst?

A.PaulNewmanwantedit.

B.Thestudiopowersdidn'tlikehisagent.

C.Hewasn/tfamousenough.

D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.

25.WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?

A.Theywereofthesamedge.

B.Theyworkedinthesametheater.

C.Theywerebothgoodactors.

D.Theyhansimilarcharactertics.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph3referto?

A.Theirbelief.

B.Theircareforchileden.

C.Theirsuccess.

D.Theirsupportforeachother.

27.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetest?

A.Toshowhisloveoffilms.

B.Torememberafriend.

C.Tointroduceanewmovie.

D.Tosharehisactingexperience.

24-27CDAB

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与PaulNewman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电

影时,PaulNewman站出来为我说话,两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里,两人一直相互扶

持,相互鼓励,因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。

21.细节理解题。根据"Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswell

knownasPaul"制片人不想要我,他想要当时比较出名的演员Paul,因此,可知作者当时还不是很

有名。故选C。

22.细节理解题。根据"BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,

aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffectioE.Thosewerealsoatthecore

《核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreerT可知,作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。

23.细节理解题。根据"Wesharedthebriefthatifyou'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldpul

somethingback”,我们都有这个信仰:如果你有幸获得成功,你应该有所回馈。下文/ewithhisNewmansOwn

foodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthe

festival”是作者举的例子,因此“sharingthatbroughtustogether."that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。

24.主旨大意题。根据"Ilastsawbimafewmonthsago.He'dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknew

whatthedealwas7311dwedidn'ttalkaboutit'可知Paul已经去世了,再结合前文"IfirstmetPaulNewmanin

1968,可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。

C

TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthe

companyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thewehicle-namedthe

Transition-hastwoseatswheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.The

Transition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhour

ontheroadand115inthefliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandbums5gallonsperhourintheair.

Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.

Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygo

onsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepublic

laterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.

It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon'thelpifyou'restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.

Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,an

airlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflying

carareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedz&xxkthecompanytousespecialmaterialsto

makeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureit

meetsfederalsafetystandards.

MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisionfiveyearsagoto

createaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsof

largerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestand

complete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition^requirementpilotswouldfindrelat

ivelyeasytomeet.

28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B.Theadvantagesofflyingcars.

C.Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.C.ThedesignersoftheTransition.

29.WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?

A.Itcauserstrafficjams.B.Itisdifficulttooperate.

C.Itisveryexpensive.D.Itbumstoomuchfuel.

30.Whatisthegovernment'sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?

A.CautiousB.Favorable.

C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.FlyingCaratAutoShowB.TheTransition'sFistFlight

C.Pilots'DreamComingTrueD.FlyingCarClosertoReality

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Terrafugia公司,研制出了飞车,试飞成功,预计将于明年进行销售。

本文主要对飞车的历史由来及其构架进行了介绍。

22.主旨大意题。根据Fiewehicle-namedtheTransitioii-hastwoseatswheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbe

drivenlikeacar.TheTransitioii,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70miles

perhourontheroadand115inthefliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandbums5gallonsperhourintheakOnthe

ground,itgets35milespergallon.何知,本段主要是对Transition的构架进行了介绍。故选A。

23.细节理解题。根据"Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000何

知,因为Tmnsitioii的价格较高,所以不太可能在太多的马路上出现。故选C。

24.细节理解题。根据飞egovernmenthasalreadypermittedz&xxkthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeit

easierforthevehicleto£1丫方及“MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministratioirs

decisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsport知,政府对于飞车的研发是比

较支持的。故选Bo

25.主旨大意题。浏览全文,主要从飞车的试飞成功、飞车的构架以及多年以前人们对飞车的设想至今成为

现实展开论述。根据"enafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight飞车试飞成

功>"ButMannthinksTerrafuglahascomecloserthananyonetomakiiigtheflyingcararealityTMann认为

Temfiigia研制出的飞车比任何人都更接近现实。故选D。

D

Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn'tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientistsjackSchultz

andIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmell

thatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantand

seemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownas

volatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.

ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.It'saplant'sway

ofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighboursreact.

Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.They

pumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestothe

attackers.Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhoarenaturalenemiestothe

attackers.zxx|kOncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomes

lunch.

Instudyafterstudyjtappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamage

isusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecause

theyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.

Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon'tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmade

acryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.Pe

rhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto"overhear"thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn

'tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.

CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(亲密

的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingon.

32.Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?

A.Itmakesnoises.B.Itgetshelpfromotherplants.

C.ItstandsquietlyD.Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.

33.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned"inparagraph3?

A.Theattackersgetattacked.

B.Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.

C.Theplantsgetreadytofightback.

D.Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.

34.Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan.

A.predictnaturaldisastersB.protectthemselvesagainstinsects

C.talktooneanotherintentionallyD.helptheirneighborswhennecessary

35.whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thewordischangingfasterthanever.

B.Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore

C.Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems

D.PeopleinDarwin'stimewereimaginative.

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。首先提出,当多叶植物受到攻击时,不会坐以待毙这一论点,并围绕这一论

点展开叙述。研究发现,当植物受到攻击时,会发出VOO,以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学

物质进行交流。

22.细节理解题。根据'eportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutapaiticularsmellthat

neighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm呵

知,当植物受到伤害时,会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。

23.词义推测题。根据Pucetheyarrive,thetablesaretumed.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch,

一旦它们到达这里,(),然后这些攻击者就会成为植物的午餐,根据语境,故选C。

24.细节理解题>根据"Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.The

damageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausethey

heardthealarmandknewwhattodo",可知,植物在必要的时候会通过分泌化学物质,通知周围的植物保持

警惕。故选D。

25.推理判断题。根据"imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmereintimate(亲密

的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingoiT可知,这个世界远比我

们我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密,我们认知能力有限,有很多事仍在继续发生,远比我们想象的要复

杂。故选Co

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou'retryingtogetworkdone.

36,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let'stakealookatthemnow.

37.Tellthepersonyou'res

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论