2022-2023学年河南省信阳市高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高中英语名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省信阳市2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABeingstuckathomedoesn’tmeanthatlearningstops.Infact,it’sjusttheopposite.Herearesomeactivitiesandresourcestofosterkids’imaginationandbuildtheircuriosityathome.Let’sGetDowntotheScienceThesciencelabatschoolmaybeclosed,butyoucanstillputonawhitelabcoatandlearnathome.ThisTestTubeExperimentKitwillmakeyoufeellikeageniusinnotime.Kidswillgetthechancetolearnaboutbasicchemistry,physics,andmorebycreatingpop-resistantbubbles,bouncyballs,andotherobjects.ToInfinity(无穷)andBeyondEarthisapartoftheMilkyWayGalaxy,butdoyouknowtherearearound100milliongalaxiesintheuniverse?Therearesomanyfunandfascinatingthingstolearnaboutspacethatthepossibilitiestrulygotoinfinityandbeyond.Agreatwaytostartyourchild’seducationalspaceadventureiswiththisRealLifeStickerandActivityBook.TakeaWalkontheWildSideBiologyclassisinsession!Here’syourchancetogetupcloseandpersonalwithagreatwhitesharkwithoutputtingonawetsuit.This4DGreatWhiteSharkAnatomyKitallowsyoutogetaninsidelookatwhatmakesthesepredatorsofthedeepsopowerful.Andthentakeanevendeeperdiveintoashark’sworldwithIAmShark.Takeadvantageofthistimeathomeandfindnewwaystokeepexploringtheworldaroundyou.1.Whatiscommonamongtheactivitiesinthepassage?A.Theyareallcarriedoutoutdoors.B.Theyallrecommendstudyresourcestokids.C.Theyallencouragekidstodoexperiments.D.Theyareallassociatedwithphysics.2.Whichresourcefavorschildreninterestedinstars?A.4DGreatWhiteSharkAnatomyKit.B.TestTubeExperimentKit.C.RealLifeStickerandActivityBook.D.IAmShark.3.What’sthesharedgoaloftheactivities?A.Toinspirekidstostudyathome.B.Tosavekidsfromboredom.C.Togainfinancialbenefits.D.Toexplorenewtechnologies.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。宅在家并不意味着停止学习，本文介绍了一些可以培养孩子想象力和好奇心的活动和资源。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Beingstuckathomedoesn’tmeanthatlearningstops.(被困在家里并不意味着停止学习。)”和“Herearesomeactivitiesandresourcestofosterkids’imaginationandbuildtheircuriosityathome.(以下是一些活动和资源，可以在家里培养孩子们的想象力和好奇心。)”可知，这些活动的共同点是：它们都给孩子推荐了学习资源。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“ToInfinity(无穷)andBeyond”下面的“Agreatwaytostartyourchild’seducationalspaceadventureiswiththisRealLifeStickerandActivityBook.(RealLifeStickerandActivityBook是开启孩子寓教于乐的太空冒险活动的好方法。)”可知，星星与太空有关，所以对星星感兴趣的孩子可以用的学习资源是RealLifeStickerandActivityBook这本书。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Beingstuckathomedoesn’tmeanthatlearningstops.(被困在家里并不意味着停止学习。)”和“Herearesomeactivitiesandresourcestofosterkids’imaginationandbuildtheircuriosityathome.(以下是一些活动和资源，可以在家里培养孩子们的想象力和好奇心。)”并结合最后一段“Takeadvantageofthistimeathomeandfindnewwaystokeepexploringtheworldaroundyou.(利用在家的时间，找到新的方法来不断探索你周围的世界吧。)”可知，这些活动的共同目标是鼓励孩子在家学习。故选A。BFromthebackseatofarentalcar,2-year-oldHagenrepeatedlyaskedhisparentsthesamequestion:“Where’sBuzz?”AshleyDavisrealizedshehadleftherson’sfavoriteBuzzLightyearactionfigureontheplane.ShecalmlyexplainedtohersonthatBuzzwasona“specialmission”andwouldreturntohimshortly.Infact,shewasplanningtopurchaseareplacementtoyatanearbystore.LittledidDavisknowthatBuzzwas,infact,onaspecialmissionandwouldsoonbeback.JasonWilliamHamm,anoperationsagentatSouthwestAirlines,discoveredthetoyintheplane.HenoticedthenameHagenonthebottomofBuzz’sboot.“Iwasthinkingabouthowthislittleboyismissinghislittlebuddy,”Hammsaid.OncehetrackeddownHagen’sboardingrecord,hesentanemailtothefamily,askingfortheaddress.Whilewaitingforaresponse,Hammgotcreative.HetookphotosofBuzzinfrontofanairplane,anengineandevenacockpit(驾驶员座舱).Andhedidn’tstopthere.HammwrotealettertoHagen,completewithaBuzzLightyearlogo.“ToCommanderHagen,”theletterreads.“Iamveryexcitedtoreturntoyouuponcompletingmymission.IwasabletoexploretheairportandspaceportinLittleRock,ArkansaswhileIwasaway,andIhaveincludedphotosofmyadventure.MyjourneyhastaughtmealotbutIamsothankfultoreturntomybuddy.”OncehearingbackfromtheDavisfamily,Hammprintedoutthephotoshetook,bubble-wrappedBuzz,andputinthehandwrittenletter.ThenhedecoratedtheoutsideofthecardboardboxwithadrawingofBuzzLightyear,starsandplanets.Uponopeningthepackage,Daviswasspeechless.“Youcouldseealltheloveheputintoit,”shesaid.Hagenwasextremelysurprised.Hisexcitementwascaughtoncamera,andthecouplesentavideoofhisreactiontoHamm.“Seeingtheboy’ssmilemadeitallworthit,”Hammsaid.4.WhathappenedtoHagen’stoy?A.Itwasmissingaccidentally.B.Itdidn’tgetaboardtheplane.C.Itgotreplacedatanearbystore.D.Itwasassignedaspecialmission.5.WhatdidHammdowhenhefoundthetoy?A.Hemadeaphonecalltoitsowner.B.Heturnedtotheairportstaffforhelp.C.Hetracedtheinformationaboutitsowner.D.Hetookphotosofitandpostedthemonline.6.WhydidHammwritetheletter?A.TosurpriseHagenwithaninterestingstory.B.ToconvinceHagenthatthetoyishumanlike.C.TosharehisadventurousexperiencewithHagen.D.Toshowthetoy’sstrongattachmenttoitsowner.7.WhatdoesDavisthinkofHamm’sdeed?A.Creative.B.Caring.C.Heroic.D.Charitable.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.A7.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了航空公司的运营代理杰森·威廉·哈姆在飞机上捡到两岁的哈根遗失的巴斯光年公仔，他主动联系哈根家人，并精心构思巴斯光年执行特殊任务的故事，最后，在把玩具送回小主人手中的同时还给他带去了大大的惊喜。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fromthebackseatofarentalcar,2-year-oldHagenrepeatedlyaskedhisparentsthesamequestion:‘Where’sBuzz?’AshleyDavisrealizedshehadleftherson’sfavoriteBuzzLightyearactionfigureontheplane.(坐在租来的汽车后座上，两岁的哈根反复问父母同一个问题：“巴斯在哪里?”阿什利·戴维斯意识到她把儿子最喜欢的巴斯光年公仔落在飞机上了)”可知，哈根的玩具不小心落在了飞机上，丢失了。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“HenoticedthenameHagenonthebottomofBuzz’sboot.(他注意到巴斯靴子底部的哈根这个名字)”和下文“OncehetrackeddownHagen’sboardingrecord,hesentanemailtothefamily,askingfortheaddress.(他一查到哈根的登机记录，就给哈根的家人发了一封电子邮件，询问地址)”可知，哈姆发现玩具后开始追踪了关于玩具主人的信息。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘ToCommanderHagen,’theletterreads.‘Iamveryexcitedtoreturntoyouuponcompletingmymission.IwasabletoexploretheairportandspaceportinLittleRock,ArkansaswhileIwasaway,andIhaveincludedphotosofmyadventure.MyjourneyhastaughtmealotbutIamsothankfultoreturntomybuddy.’(“致哈根司令，”信上写道。“完成任务后，我很兴奋能回到你身边。当我离开的时候，我探索了阿肯色州小石城的机场和太空港，我附上了我的冒险照片。我的旅程教会了我很多，但我很感激能回到我的朋友身边。”)”和第五段中“Hagenwasextremelysurprised.(哈根非常吃惊)”可推知，哈姆在信中描述了巴斯光年公仔的历险经历，是为了用一个有趣的故事给哈根一个惊喜。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Uponopeningthepackage,Daviswasspeechless.“Youcouldseealltheloveheputintoit,”shesaid.(打开包裹时，戴维斯说不出话来。“你能看到他对它倾注的所有爱，”她说)”可推知，戴维斯认为哈姆的行为充满了爱心，非常体贴。故选B项。CChatGPTisanewAIsystemthatsoundssohumaninconversationsthatitcouldhostitsownradioprograms.Readingbetweenitsinstantlygenerated,perfectlygrammaticallines,peopleseedifferentvisionsofthefuture.Withoutdoubt,ChatGPTisimpressive.SomecomparetheemergenceofChatGPTtotheimpactoftheiPhone,butthatdoesn’tdoitjustice.ChatGPT,aswellasthegenerativeAIthatwillfollowandoutsmartit,isdisruptive.Andyet,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheendoftheworldisuponus.Onthecontrary,ChatGPT,Iwouldargue,mightservetomakeusmoreawareofourirreplaceablehumanqualities.Takethecreativeact,writinginparticular,asanexample.Ifyouwantitto,theAI-poweredchatbot(聊天机器人)alwaysproducessomethingbecauseithasthewholeworldofonlinedatatodrawfrom.Butunlikeus,itlackstheconsciousness.Thinkingishard,criticalthinkingevenharder,andChatGPTisn’tgoodateither.Itjustrestateswhathasalreadybeensaid;itisonebigrecyclingmachine.ThereisanotherobviouslimitationofChatGPT.PhilosopherHarryFrankfurtonceclaimed:thedifferencebetweenabullshitter(胡说八道的人)andaliaristhattheliarknowswhatthetruthisbutdecidestotaketheoppositedirection;abullshitter,however,hasnoregardforthetruthatall.TheAIscholarGaryMarusappliesthisdistinctiontoChatGPT.Hebelievesthatwehavereachedacriticalpointwhere“thepriceofbullshitreacheszeroandpeoplewhowanttospreadmisinformation,eitherpoliticallyorjusttomakeaprofit,startdoingthatplentifully”.Unfortunately,ChatGPTwillreproducemisinformationfromanyofitsinputsources—itisnotanintelligentsystemthattriestobalanceorweighdifferentperspectives.Inthissense,everythingthatChatGPTwritesisbullshit.Thisiswhytheso-calledAIQiscritical.ItisactuallyanextensionandameasurementofourhumanIQ:ouroverallknowledgeofAItools,ourmasteryofclues,andourethicalawareness.ChatGPTisgoingtochangeeverything—andnothing.Creativity,imaginationandethics—thesewillallremainuniquehumanrange.ItistheAI’sverylimitationsthatwillmakeusappreciateourown.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutChatGPTfromthepassage?A.Itgeneratesimmediatelanguageresponses.B.Itprovidesinstructionsonwritingskills.C.Ithelpsgenerateanartificialvoice.D.Itoffersaserviceforlanguagelearning.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disruptive”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Evil. B.Revolutionary. C.Profitable. D.Reliable.10.WhydoestheauthorconsiderChatGPTasabullshitgenerator?A.Itmakesupliesconstantly.B.Italwaystakesaneutralstandpoint.C.Itoftenmakesunfairjudgement.D.Itcan’ttellrightfromwrong.11.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.ChatGPTshouldbetreatedlikeatoy,notatool.B.ChatGPTiscausingpanicnow.C.ChatGPTmakesusrealizetheuniquehumanfeatures.D.ChatGPTisboundtogeneratebullshit.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.D11.C【导语】本文是一篇议论文，论述了与人类相比，新型人工智能ChatGPT的优点和缺点，从而赞美了只有人类所具有的创造力、想象力和道德这些独特品质。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Readingbetweenitsinstantlygenerated,perfectlygrammaticallines,peopleseedifferentvisionsofthefuture.(在即时生成的、语法完美的字里行间阅读，人们看到了对未来的不同愿景。)”可知，ChatGPT可以即时生成文字。再结合第三段中的“Ifyouwantitto,theAI-poweredchatbot(聊天机器人)alwaysproducessomethingbecauseithasthewholeworldofonlinedatatodrawfrom.(如果你愿意，这个人工智能聊天机器人总是会产生一些东西，因为它有整个世界的在线数据可供借鉴。)”可知，ChatGPT是一个人工智能聊天机器人，它可以借鉴全球在线数据来和人类聊天。由此可以看出，ChatGPT可以即时生成语言回复。故选A。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中disruptive所在句的后一句“Andyet,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheendoftheworldisuponus.(然而，这并不一定意味着世界末日即将来临。)”可推断出，ChatGPT及未来的人工智能对世界可能带来极大的改变，disruptive意为“破坏性的”，在此处可引申为“颠覆性的”。evil邪恶的；revolutionary革命性的，突破性的；profitable盈利的；reliable可依靠的。B项意思与其最为接近。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Butunlikeus,itlackstheconsciousness.Thinkingishard,criticalthinkingevenharder,andChatGPTisn’tgoodateither.(但与我们不同的是，它缺乏意识。思考很难，批判性思维更难，而ChatGPT也不擅长。)”和倒数第二段中的“Unfortunately,ChatGPTwillreproducemisinformationfromanyofitsinputsources—itisnotanintelligentsystemthattriestobalanceorweighdifferentperspectives.(不幸的是，ChatGPT将从其任何输入来源复制错误信息——它不是一个试图平衡或权衡不同观点的智能系统。)”可知，ChatGPT缺乏人类所具有的意识，无法评判不同的观点。由此可推断，它“胡说八道”的原因是它没有区分对错的能力。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先描述了ChatGPT的非凡能力，接着第二段最后一句“Onthecontrary,ChatGPT,Iwouldargue,mightservetomakeusmoreawareofourirreplaceablehumanqualities.(相反，我认为，ChatGPT可能有助于让我们更加意识到我们不可替代的人类品质。)”点明主题：ChatGPT会让我们关注自身所拥有的独特品质。接下来作者讲述了ChatGPT在创造性上的不足和不分对错的局限。作者并在最后一段提到“Creativity,imaginationandethics—thesewillallremainuniquehumanrange.ItistheAI’sverylimitationsthatwillmakeusappreciateourown.(创造力、想象力和道德——这些都将仍是人类独有的领域。正是人工智能的局限性让我们欣赏自己的局限性。)”，点明了人类品质的重要性。故选C。DAresearchshowsanimated(动画)moviescanserveasvaluabletoolsforparentstoimprovecommunicationwithchildren.Disneyfilms,forexample,combineentertainmentwithlifelessonsaboutlove,friendship,goodversusevil,deathandloss,andtheimportanceoffamily.Talkingabouttheseimportantissuestogethercanstrengthenachild’scognitive(认知的)andbehavioraldevelopment,accordingtoastudybytheUniversityofHouston.Researchersfoundparents,brothersandsistershavebecomeobviouslymorevisibleinDisneyfilmsoverthelastdecade.Almost73%ofthefilmssharedthemessageaboutlovingyourselfandothers,and27%focusedonmoralityandsocialvalues.“Basedonexamplesgeneratedfromthesemovies,parentscouldhearvariouspotentialquestionskidsmayaskiftheyareanxiousaboutasituationthatisfacedbychildcharacters,”saidMonitCheung,thestudy’sleadauthor.“Apartfromthesefamilystories,filmscanalsoteachchildrenaboutunfairsituationsinsocietyandacceptanceofdifferences.”ThestudyevenprovidesatableoftheDisneyfilmsandtheirthemestohelpparentsdecidewhichmovieismostrelevantbasedonthedevelopmentalageoftheirchildorwhatproblemstheirchildrenarefacing.JoanHuang,co-authoroftheresearch,usedthescenebetweenScarandMufasain“TheLionKing”asanexampletodiscussthemeaningsofconflict,deathandgrief.TheresearcherspointouthowDisneymoviestodayillustrate(说明)familiesasmorediverse,potentiallyleadingtoabetterunderstandingandrespectforculturaldifferences.“EarlyDisneyfilmsfocusedonlovewithinromanticrelationships,butrecentmovieslike‘Frozen’focusonthepoweroflovebetweenfamilymembers,”Huangexplained.“It’sasignificantchangeinhowlovecanbeverydiverseandhowpeopleapplylovetotheirsocialrelationships.Disneyfilmscouldbeusedasmaterialstoopenparent-childconversationstofeedchildren’smindsandbroadentheirhorizonsoflife.”12.Whatshouldparentsdoaccordingtotheresearch?A.TalkaboutissuesshowninDisneyfilmswiththeirchildren.B.Payattentiontochildren’sbehavioraldevelopment.C.Combineentertainmentwiththeirlife.D.Limitthetimetheirchildrenspendwatchinganimatedmovies.13.WhatwillMonitCheungprobablyagreewith?A.Deathandlossshouldbeavoidedinanimatedmovies.B.Kidsoftenaskunrelatedquestionswhilewatchinganimatedmovies.C.Disneyfilmshavepaidmoreattentiontofamilyinthelastdecade.D.Parentsareworriedaboutthesocialvaluesoftheirchildren.14.HowdoDisneyfilmsleadtorespectforculturaldifferences?A.Theyeachhaveadifferenttheme.B.Theygiveexamplesofdiversefamilies.C.Theyshowculturesofdifferentcountries.D.Theyarewatchedbykidsaroundtheworld.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Parent-childConversationsBroadenKids’HorizonsB.AnimatedMoviesMayHelpParentsCommunicatewithKidsC.ResearchersGoaStepFurtherintoCulturalAwarenessD.DisneyFilmsAreTurningtoMoreEducationalGoals〖答案〗12.A13.C14.B15.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，动画电影可以作为父母改善与孩子沟通的宝贵工具。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Talkingabouttheseimportantissuestogethercanstrengthenachild’scognitive(认知的)andbehavioraldevelopment,accordingtoastudybytheUniversityofHouston.(根据休斯顿大学的一项研究，一起谈论这些重要问题可以促进孩子认知和行为方面的发展。)”可知，该研究表明，和孩子一起谈论迪士尼电影中所表达的问题，可以有助于孩子认知能力和行为能力的提升。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Researchersfoundparents,brothersandsistershavebecomeobviouslymorevisibleinDisneyfilmsoverthelastdecade.(研究人员发现，在过去十年中，父母、兄弟姐妹在迪士尼电影中的形象明显越来越多。)”可知，在过去的十年里，迪士尼电影更加注重家庭主题。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheresearcherspointouthowDisneymoviestodayillustrate(说明)familiesasmorediverse,potentiallyleadingtoabetterunderstandingandrespectforculturaldifferences.(研究人员指出了当今迪士尼电影是如何将家庭描绘得更加多样化的，这有可能使人们更好地理解和尊重文化差异。)”说明了迪士尼电影通过向观众展示多元化家庭的例子来使人们尊重文化差异。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Aresearchshowsanimated(动画)moviescanserveasvaluabletoolsforparentstoimprovecommunicationwithchildren.(一项研究表明，动画电影可以作为父母改善与孩子沟通的宝贵工具。)”和最后一段中的“Disneyfilmscouldbeusedasmaterialstoopenparent-childconversationstofeedchildren’smindsandbroadentheirhorizonsoflife.(迪士尼电影可以被用作开启亲子对话的素材，滋养孩子们的思想，拓宽他们的生活视野。)”可知，本文围绕迪士尼动画电影对改善亲子沟通的作用展开，所以B项“动画电影可能有助于家长和孩子沟通”最适合作本文标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Assummerapproaches,manyarerefreshingtheirgardenstoreflectthechangeinseason.Aswebecomemoreeco-conscious,promotingbiodiversity(生物多样性)topsourto-dolist.____16____.◆Growplantsforpollinators.Pollinatorslikebeescanseethecolorpurplemoreclearlythananyother,soplantingpurplecolorflowerslikelavenderwillleadtoabee-filledparadise(天堂).Herbsalsoattractbutterfliesandbeesifyouallowthemtoflower.Akeytiptorememberisthatmostrosesaren’tidealforpollinators.____17____.◆Justaddwater.Addrunningwatertoyourgarden.____18____.Suchadditioncanmakeitmoreappealingtobirdsandwildlife.Addingabirdbathorasmallwaterfeaturecanattractawholenewrangeofwildlife,fromfrogstodragonflies.Addsmallrocksintoyourwaterfeaturetopreventinsectsoranimalsdrowning.◆____19____.Home-grownplantsadapttolocalsoilandenvironmentalconditions,meaningthattheyrequirelesscare.Theyalsopromotebiodiversityanddecreasesoilerosion(侵蚀),whilealsoreducingtheuseofchemicalfertilizers(化肥)—atruewin-win.Bybuyinghome-grownplantsyoucanhelptopreventforeignspeciesreachingyourgardenandthecountryside.Althoughthesespeciesareoftenharmlessintheirnativehabitats,theycancausediseaseandcompetitioninanewenvironment.◆Createhomesforwildlife.____20____.Soconsiderbuildingbeehotelsandbirdhouses,placingplantingpotsupsidedown,orevenlettingleavesandstickspileupinthegardentoprovideasafeplaceforwildlife.Andbeforeyoucommityourselftoaneatlypolishedspace,considerleavingroomforalittlechaos.A.SticktonativeplantsB.GrowdomesticvegetablesC.ItisdifficultforthebeestogettothecenteroftheflowertofeedD.HerearesometipstohelpstrikethebalancebetweenbeautyandbiodiversityE.Don’tfeeldiscouragedifthewildlifeshelterisemptyatfirstF.ThoughtfulstructuresingardensareidealsheltersG.Ithelpspurifytheairandprovidenutritionforlocalwildlife〖答案〗16.D17.C18.G19.A20.F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些做园艺时在美和生物多样性之间寻求平衡的方法。【16题详析】根据上文中的“refreshingtheirgardens”“moreeco-conscious”“promotingbiodiversity”可知，上文提到了想要让花园焕然一新以及有促进生物多样性的环保意识。结合下文分条列出的建议可知，空处应承上启下，D项“以下是一些有助于在美和生物多样性之间取得平衡的建议”符合题意。故选D。【17题详析】上文“Akeytiptorememberisthatmostrosesaren’tidealforpollinators.(需要记住的一个关键〖提示〗是，大多数玫瑰对传粉昆虫来说并不理想)”提到了不要在花园种不利于传粉的玫瑰，接下来应对此进行解释，C项“蜜蜂很难到达花朵的中心觅食”符合题意。故选C。【18题详析】上文“Addrunningwatertoyourgarden.(给你的花园加自来水)”建议加自来水，这里应解释这么做的好处，G项“它有助于净化空气并为当地野生动物提供营养”符合题意。故选G。【19题详析】空处是本段小标题。根据下文多次提到的“Home-grownplants”和整段内容可知，本段主要介绍了种本地植物的好处，所以A项“坚持种本地植物”符合题意。故选A。【20题详析】小标题“Createhomesforwildlife.(为野生动物建造家园)”表明了本段主要讲述的是如何给野生动物筑窝。F项“花园中体贴的建筑是理想的庇护所”符合题意，其中的“idealshelters”与小标题中的“homes”相照应。故选F。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空的最佳选项。WhenNihalwaseightyearsold,hewenttovisithisgrandparentswholivedneartheKrishariver.Hesawpeople____21____rubbishandplasticwasteintothewater.Thiswasthepointatwhichtheecologistinhim____22____,andhewantedtodosomething.Nihalhasalwaysbeen____23____byenvironmentalissues,buthe’snevergiventhemmuch____24____exceptreadingtherelevantnovels.____25____,oneday,afterhearingaboutalargefire____26____byalithiumbattery(锂离子电池)atawastedisposal(处置)siteinCalifornia,hebecame____27____anddeterminedtodosomething.Hethought,althoughtheproblemcouldbesettled,manypeoplewhowereobservingwouldsimply____28____it.That’swhentheconceptfor“RecycleMyBattery”____29____.Then,Nihaldidmoreresearchintobattery_____30_____anddiscoveredthatmanyworldwidecompanieshave_____31_____aboutbatteries.“Surelytherehastobea_____32_____tokeepthemoutoflandfills(废物填埋地),”heremarked.Thenhebeganto_____33_____batteriesathisschoolandintheneighbourhood.Hisfatherwoulddrivehim_____34_____throughouteverycorneroftownstocollect_____35_____batteries.Withsomanybatteriespiledup,hedecidedto_____36_____hisownnon-profitRecycleMyBattery.Sofar,morethan1.5millionpeoplehave_____37_____RecycleMyBattery.Nihalandhisstrongteamofyoungpeoplehavealreadyrecycledover150,000desertedbatteriesandtaughtover1.5millionpeopleaboutthe_____38_____ofbatteryrecycling.Nihal,nowonly12yearsold,hasbeenstrugglingforthreeyearsto_____39_____thebatterypollution,callingonotherstoraisebatteryrecycling_____40_____andworkingtowardstheaimofzeropollution.21.A.pushing B.settling C.hiding D.throwing22.A.agreed B.existed C.appeared D.acted23.A.attracted B.confused C.touched D.delighted24.A.donation B.prediction C.conclusion D.consideration25.A.Moreover B.However C.Instead D.Besides26.A.caused B.burnt C.lighted D.set27.A.curious B.shocked C.proud D.cautious28.A.allow B.treasure C.order D.ignore29.A.brokedown B.stuckout C.cameabout D.gotaround30.A.distributions B.bursts C.expenses D.restrictions31.A.concerns B.doubts C.connection D.patience32.A.version B.course C.pace D.way33.A.restore B.collect C.rent D.purchase34.A.tirelessly B.gratefully C.sincerely D.curiously35.A.brand-new B.energy-consuming C.second-hand D.home-made36.A.rebuild B.expand C.support D.establish37.A.thrownlighton B.brokenawayfrom C.signedupfor D.comeupwith38.A.necessity B.capacity C.decision D.creation39.A.measure B.recycle C.clear D.investigate40.A.assessment B.awareness C.advertisement D.protection〖答案〗21.D22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.B28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C36.D37.C38.A39.C40.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Nihal在八岁的时候就有了环保意识，他成立了RecycleMyBattery来回收旧电池，号召人们提高回收旧电池的环保意识，减少污染，并取得了不错的成果。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到人们把垃圾和塑料废物扔进水中。A.pushing推；B.settling解决（分歧、纠纷等）；C.hiding隐藏；D.throwing扔，掷。根据空后的“rubbishandplasticwaste”可知，这里指扔垃圾和塑料废物。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是他身上的环境保护主义者出现的时刻，他想做点什么。A.agreed同意；B.existed存在；C.appeared出现；D.acted表现。根据上下文和句中的“thepointatwhichtheecologistinhim”可知，这里是说他身上的环保意识出现的时刻。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nihal一直被环境问题吸引，但除了阅读相关小说外，他从未考虑太多这些问题。A.attracted吸引；B.confused使困惑；C.touched触摸，触动；D.delighted使高兴。根据空后的“environmentalissues”可知，他被环境问题吸引。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.donation捐献；B.prediction预测；C.conclusion结论；D.consideration仔细考虑，深思。根据下文中的“Hethought,althoughtheproblemcouldbesettled...”可推测出，在此之前，他从未认真思考过环境问题。故选D。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天，在听说加利福尼亚的一个废物处理站锂电池引发一场大火后，他感到震惊，并决心做点什么。A.Moreover此外；B.However然而；C.Instead反而；D.Besides而且。上文“he’snevergiventhemmuch________exceptreadingtherelevantnovels”表明他之前从未认真考虑过环境问题，下文“hebecame________anddeterminedtodosomething”表明他决定做些什么，前后表示转折。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.caused造成；B.burnt燃烧；C.lighted点燃；D.set设置。根据空后的“byalithiumbattery”可知，火灾是由锂电池引发的。故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。A.curious好奇的；B.shocked震惊的；C.proud骄傲的；D.cautious小心的。根据常识和上文的“alargefire________byalithiumbattery(锂离子电池)atawastedisposal(处置)siteinCalifornia”可知，在听到发生火灾的消息后，他感到很震惊。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为，尽管这个问题可以解决，但许多在观察的人会忽视它。A.allow允许；B.treasure珍视；C.order命令；D.ignore忽视。根据although可知，上下文表示转折，由此可推测，这些人会忽视这个问题。故选D。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，“回收我的电池”的概念产生了。A.brokedown出故障；B.stuckout醒目；C.cameabout发生，产生；D.gotaround各处走动。根据下文中的“hedecidedto________hisownnon-profitRecycleMyBattery”可知，他想让人们意识到电池爆炸的风险，所以成立了“回收我的电池”，这里是说该项目的概念产生。故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，Nihal对电池爆炸进行了更多的研究，发现世界各地的许多公司都对电池感到担忧。A.distributions分配；B.bursts爆破；C.expenses花费；D.restrictions限制规定。根据上文中的“alargefire________byalithiumbattery(锂离子电池)atawastedisposal(处置)siteinCalifornia”和常识可知，电池处理不当会发生爆炸。故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.concerns担心；B.doubts疑惑，疑问；C.connection联系；D.patience耐心。根据空后的“aboutbatteries”可知，许多公司也担心电池问题。故选A。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当然，必须有办法让它们远离垃圾填埋场,”他说道。A.version版本；B.course课程；C.pace速度；D.way方式。awaytodosth.意为“做某事的方法”。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他开始在学校和附近收集电池。A.restore修复；B.collect收集；C.rent租用；D.purchase购买。根据下句中的“collect________batteries”可知，此处为原词复现，指收集电池。故选B。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲会不知疲倦地开车带他走遍城镇的每个角落，收集二手电池。A.tirelessly不知疲倦地；B.gratefully感激地；C.sincerely真诚地；D.curiously好奇地。根据空后的“throughouteverycorneroftowns”和语境可知，他的父亲很支持他的做法，不辞辛劳地载他做回收活动。故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.brand-new崭新的；B.energy-consuming消耗精力的；C.second-hand旧的，用过的；D.home-made自制的。根据上文中的“keepthemoutoflandfills(废物填埋地)”可知，会被扔到垃圾填埋场的电池肯定是用过的电池。故选C。【36题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于堆积了这么多电池，他决定建立自己的非营利组织“回收我的电池”。A.rebuild重建；B.expand扩大；C.support支持；D.establish建立。根据上文“That’swhentheconceptfor“RecycleMyBattery”________.(就是在那时，‘回收我的电池’概念产生了)”可知，上文是刚产生这个概念，此处指成立真实的组织。故选D。【37题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：到目前为止，已有超过150万人报名参加“回收我的电池”。A.thrownlighton使（问题等）较容易理解；B.brokenawayfrom逃离；C.signedupfor报名参加；D.comeupwith提出。根据下文中的“hisstrongteamofyoungpeople”可知，许多人报名参加了这个项目。故选C。【38题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nihal和他强大的年轻人团队已经回收了超过150000个废弃的电池，并让150多万人懂得了电池回收的必要性。A.necessity必要；B.capacity能力；C.decision决定；D.creation创造。根据空后的“ofbatteryrecycling”和语境可知，此处是说电池回收的必要性。故选A。【39题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nihal现在年仅12岁，三年来一直在努力清除电池污染，呼吁其他人提高电池回收意识，努力实现零污染的目标。A.measure测量；B.recycle回收利用；C.clear清除；D.investigate调查。根据空后的“batterypollution”和下文中的“theaimofzeropollution”可知，这里指清除电池污染。故选C。【40题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.assessment评估；B.awareness意识；C.advertisement广告；D.protection保护。根据空前的“raisebatteryrecycling”可知。此处指提高电池回收意识。raiseawareness意为“提高意识”。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThePotalaPalace(布达拉宫)featuresawallpainting____41____illustratesahistoricmarriagebetweenmembersoftheHanandTibetanethnicgroups.Likethewallpainting,manyotherrelicsinTibethavealsohelped____42____(far)uncoverculturalcommunicationbetweenTibetandtherestofChina.____43____(original)builtintheeighthcentury,theSamyeMonasteryislistedasanexampleofacombinationofculturalheritageandarchitecturalstyles,whiletheShaluMonastery,setupin1087,isanotherexampleofamixofarchitecturalstyles.Theearliestarchaeologicalsite____44____(identify)attheheartoftheQinghai-TibetPlateau(高原)sofaristheNwyaDevusite.Morethan4,000stoneartifacts(石器)____45____(find)atthePaleolithicsitesince2016.Scientificanalysisshowsthatthesite____46____(date)backtosome40,000yearsago.Archaeological____47____(discovery)havealsoprovidedabundantevidenceofculturalintegration.Forexample,thewoodencarvingunearthedfromTibet’sNgariandthose