山东省“学情空间”区域教研共同体2022-2023学年高三10月检测英语试题

“学情空间”区域教研共同体高三10月份联考英语试题时间：120分钟分值：150分第Ⅰ卷(95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有1秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?AAskforleave.B.Repairhercar.C.Giveheralift.2.Whichmuseumdidthegirlvisit?A.TheScienceMuseum.B.TheNatureMuseum.C.TheArtMuseum.3.Whydoesthewomanetotheman?A.Topickhimup.B.Todothewashing.C.Togethercontainerback.4.WhatdoesthewomanaskJohntodo?A.Cleanthekitchen.B.Tastethechicken.C.Cutthechicken.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heisagoodcook.B.Heisn’tgoodatcooking.C.Helikesthewoman’scooking.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.WhatdidAmydoonSaturdaymorning?A.Shewentshopping.B.Shewentjogging.C.Shewenttothegym.7.WhendidAmygoonadate?A.OnSaturdaynight.B.OnSundayafternoon.C.OnSundaynight.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.HowmuchtimeisleftforthemantopickGretaup?A.45minutes.B.25minutes.C.20minutes.9.Whydoesthewomanthinkthemaniscrazy?A.Hedoesn’thavebreakfast.B.Heatetheappleinherbag.C.He’llbuyfoodattheairport.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatwastheboy’smotherdoingwhenhefell?A.Puttingawayhistoys.B.Lookingafterhissister.C.Sittinginthelivingroom.11.Whydidtheboyfalloutofthewindow?A.Hetriedtocatchhisbiscuit.B.Hefelloutofthebrokenchair.C.Hepushedhardtoopenthewindow.12.Whatpartoftheboy’sbodygothurt?A.Hisleg.B.Hisarm.C.Hishead.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whodoesthispenbelongto?A.Theman’sson.B.Theman’swife.C.Theman’sdaughter.14.Whatcolorpenisunavailablenow?A.Purple.B.Black.C.Yellow.15.Howmuchdoesthepenwitharedleathercovercost?A.$14.B.$13.C.$11.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.eagaintomorrow.B.Buyanotherpennow.C.Waitforthewoman’scall.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whydidthespeakerhurrytogotoschool?A.Hehadtoborrowbooks.B.Hewasafraidtobelate.C.Herushedtohandinhispapers.18.Whatwasthespeaker’sattitudetowardstheoldman?A.Indifferent.B.Bad.C.Polite.19.Whodidtheoldmanturntobe?A.Thenewteacher.B.Afamouswriter.C.Theheadmaster.20.Whatdoesthespeakertalkabout?A.Anexcitinglunchparty.B.Awellknownshortstory.C.Anunforgettableexperience.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AParisisthemostwoodedcityinEurope,andaroundonequarterofitsareaistakenupbyparks,gardensandothergreenspaces.JardindesPlantes:over28hectaresThisimpressivebotanicalgardenishometofourmuseums,includingtheNaturalMuseumofHistory,whichhousesavarietyofAfricananimals.Thegardenitselfboaststhousandsofspeciesofplants.Thisisalovelyplacetorelaxandexplorethebeautifulsurroundings.ParcdesButtesChaumont:over24hectaresIfyouwanttogetoffthetouristtrailandhangoutwithtrueParisians,thisparkistheperfectspotforarelaxingpicnicoraleisurelywander.Itisinthe19thdistrictandisoneofthelargestparksinParis.Crossitslakeonthesuspensionbridge,oradmirethewaterfallsandattractivetemples.JardinduLuxembourg:about23hectaresThesebeautifulgardenswerefirstlaidoutin1612asthegardensoftheLuxembourgpalace.Theyincludeageometricforest,FrenchandEnglishstylegardens,aswellasalargepond.Thereissomuchtoseeanddowithactivitiesespeciallyforchildren,suchasslides,ridesandpuppetshows,aswellasleisureandsportingactivitiesforadults.Thegardensarehometomorethanonehundredsculptures.LeParcdelaVillette:55.5hectaresThisurbanculturalparkissomuchmorethanjustaparkasitishometonumerousmusicvenues,exhibitionspacesandcafes.Itisalsohometonolessthan12gardens.ThePassengerGardens,forexample,whicharebuiltonwhatwasoncethesheepmarket,supportavarietyofecosystems,demonstratingtheimportanceofbiodiversity.1.WhatdoJardindesPlantesandParcdesButtesChaumonthaveinmon?A.Theyarehometodifferentmuseums.B.Theyarebothidealplacesforrelaxation.C.Theysuitstudentswhoareinterestedinbotany.D.TheycoverlargerareasthanLeParcdelaVillette.2.WhatisspecialaboutJardinduLuxembourg?A.TheyareParisianfavoritegardens.B.TheyfeatureAmericanstylegardens.C.Theyusedtoberoyalgardens.DTheyhouseavarietyofAfricananimals.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinLeParcdelaVillette?A.Visitingmuseums. B.Attendingconcerts.C.Admiringwaterfalls. D.Watchingpuppetshows.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，本文章主要介绍了巴黎的几个公园。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据对JardindesPlantes:over28hectares的介绍中“Thisisalovelyplacetorelaxandexplorethebeautifulsurroundings.(这是一个放松和探索美丽环境的好地方)”和对ParcdesButtesChaumont的介绍中“IfyouwanttogetoffthetouristtrailandhangoutwithtrueParisians,thisparkistheperfectspotforarelaxingpicnicoraleisurelywander.(如果你想离开旅游路线，和真正的巴黎人一起出去玩，这个公园是放松野餐或悠闲漫步的完美地点)”可知，这两个地方都是放松消遣的好去处。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据对JardinduLuxembourg的介绍中“Thesebeautifulgardenswerefirstlaidoutin1612asthegardensoftheLuxembourgpalace.(这些美丽的花园最初是1612年作为卢森堡宫的花园布置的)”可知，JardinduLuxembourg过去是皇家花园，故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据对LeParcdelaVillette的介绍“Thisurbanculturalparkissomuchmorethanjustaparkasitishometonumerousmusicvenues,exhibitionspacesandcafes.(这座城市文化公园不仅仅是一个公园，它也是众多音乐场所的家园)”可知，这个公园有许多音乐场所，由此推断游客在此可以参加音乐会。故选B项。BThatyoungstersweregluedtoonlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernforNgurangMeena,aschoolteacherinNirjuli.The30­year­oldsocialscienceteacher,whorantheNgurangLearningInstitute,anadultliteracycentre,saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshereadstudentpapers.“Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.ItbreaksmyheartwheneverIseeanswersheets—basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere’sanabsenceofanycohesive(连贯的)expression.Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero,”Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulion30August2020,wherepassers­bycouldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks,biographiesandnovelsaswellasicsforyoungchildren.“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread,butthatisokay,”shelaughed.Meena’sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereadingcorner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.Now,generouscontributionsofbookseinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.Sincethetinylibrariesarefarfromthemaintown,shealsolendsbooksouttothosewhowanttoreadathome.“Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbeesuchabiginspiration,”Meenasaid.“Sincechildhood,wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsisfocusedongamesandotherthings.Idon’twantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack,”sheadded.4.What’stheaimofMeena’sreadingprogram?A.Tocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.B.Tohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.C.TokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.5.WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?A.Sheofferedsomerewardstothem.B.Sheprovidedthemwithtransportation.C.Shechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.DSheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeena’slibraries?A.Smallanduseless.B.Influentialandmeaningful.C.Largebutimpractical.D.Widespreadbutunwele.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Books：SourcesofKnowledgeB.TheRoadsideReadingCornerC.TheLibrary：anIdealplacefortheYoungD.NewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlan【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Meena的女教师发现孩子们缺乏阅读后，决定开设一个路边的读书角，以激励他们多读书的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero(他们缺乏指导，他们的阅读文化几乎为零)”以及第二段中的“Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulion30August2020,wherepassers­bycouldspendtimereading.(2020年8月30日，Meena在尼尔朱利的路边搭建了一个书架，书架上有大约80本书和一些长凳，路人可以在那里花时间阅读。)”可知，Meena阅读计划的目的是关心那些缺乏阅读条件的年轻人，故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread,butthatisokay(我必须用糖果来取悦未成年人，让他们坐下来看书，但这没关系)”可知，Meena通过给小孩子一些糖果作为奖励来鼓励他们多读书，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“generouscontributionsofbookseinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.(公众慷慨捐赠书籍，她甚至收到在该州其他地区建立此类图书馆的请求，包括在首都伊塔那加的一个图书馆。)”可知，Meena的路边图书馆想法得到了外界的广泛支持与认可，人们想要更多这样的图书馆。因此，Meena的图书馆是非常有意义且有影响力的，故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulion30August2020(受Mizoram类似提议的启发，Meena于2020年8月30日在Nirjuli的路边设立了一个书架，书架上有大约80本书以及一些长凳)”以及结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Meena为了鼓励孩子们多读书，在路边开设了街边图书馆，故选B。CResearchershavedevelopedanewmethodfortrainingpeopletobecreative,onethatshowspromiseofsucceedingfarbetterthancurrentways.Thisnewmethod,basedonnarrative(叙事的)theory,helpspeoplebecreativeinthewaychildrenandartistsare;bymakingupstoriestheyimaginealternativeworlds,shiftperspectives(角度)andgenerateunexpectedactions.Thecurrentfoundationofcreativitytrainingisthetechniqueknownasdivergentthinking(发散思维),whichdoesn’tdelivertheresultsthatmanyhopefor.Amajorissueisthatthisapproachreliesondataandinformationabouttheproblemsandsuccessesofthepast.Itcan’teupwithtrulyoriginalactions.That’swherenarrativemethodesin,andbothtechniquescouldbeusedtogether.Thenarrativemethodworksbyrecognizingthatwe’reallcreative.“Weundervaluethecreativityofkidsandmanyothersbecausewetendtothinkthatsomepeoplearemorecreativethanothers,buttherealityisthatwe’rejustnottrainingcreativityintherightway,”saidAngusFletcherfromtheOhioStateUniversity.FletcherandhiscolleaguessuccessfullyusedthenarrativeapproachtotrainmembersfromtheUSArmy,theUniversityofChicago,andseveralFortune50panies.Thenarrativemethodasksparticipantstogeneratestoriesbasedonassumptivesituationsorthinkfromsomeoneelse’sperspective.Theirsuggestionsarethenassessedbyexpertsaccordingtohowcertaintheyarethatanactionwillwork.Forexample,marketersmightbeaskedtoimagineaworldwheretheirpetitor’sproductwasfreeandhowtheywouldrespondtothat,ortolearnalittleabouthowacoworkerthinksandthenimaginehowtheywouldsolveaspecificproblem.Thenarrativemethodgeneratesactualsolutionswithoutpressuringparticipantstoeupwithideasthatmatchan“appropriateness”criterion.What’smore,thenarrativemethoddoesn’tdependondatatofueloutputs,soit’susefuleveninneverseenbeforesituations.8.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdivergentthinking?A.Itisperfectformultipletasks.B.Itissuitableforcreativeactions.C.Itisunfitforplexproblems.D.Itisinadequatefordesiredresults.9.WhatisParagraph4intendedtotellusaboutthenarrativemethod?A.Itseffectonbusinessclimate.B.Itsapplicationincreativitytraining.C.Itsroleinimprovingproductquality.D.Itsvalueinassessingworkers’ability.10Whichisoneadvantageofthenarrativemethod?A.Itreliesondataandpastperformance.B.Itpreparespeopleforstandardanswers.C.Ittrainspeopletofindpracticalsolutions.D.Itfocusesonguessingthefuturecorrectly.11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.CreativeIdeasandCreativeActionsB.NarrativeApproachandDivergentThinkingC.NarrativeMethodCanMakeAnyoneCreativeD.ThereShouldBeNoPrejudiceAgainstCreativity【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种训练创造力的新方法——叙事法，采用这种方法进行思维训练能使人人都变得有创造力。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Thecurrentfoundationofcreativitytrainingisthetechniqueknownasdivergentthinking(发散思维),whichdoesn’tdelivertheresultsthatmanyhopefor.”（现有的创造力训练的基础是被称为发散思维的技术，而发散思维并没有带来很多人所希望的结果。）可知，作者认为发散思维还不足以达到预期的效果。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段所举的例子（即该段的最后一句）“Forexample,marketersmightbeaskedtoimagineaworldwheretheirpetitor’sproductwasfreeandhowtheywouldrespondtothat,ortolearnalittleabouthowacoworkerthinksandthenimaginehowtheywouldsolveaspecificproblem.”（例如，营销人员可能被要求想象一个情景，那里竞争对手的产品是免费的，以及要求他们将如何应对那种情况，或者了解同事的一些想法，然后想象他们将如何解决一个特定的问题。）可以看出，第四段是从情景构建、角度转换和行为生成三个方面，介绍了叙事法在培养创造力方面的应用情况，所以B项符合题意。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“Thenarrativemethodgeneratesactualsolutionswithoutpressuringparticipantstoeupwithideasthatmatchan‘appropriateness’criterion.”（叙事法产生实际的解决方案，而不会迫使参与者想出符合“适当”标准的想法。）可知，叙事法的一大优点是训练人们找到实用的解决方法。C项的“practicalsolutions”与该句的“actualsolutions”一致，符合题意。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了叙事法产生的背景、设想、应用情况及培训结果等。研究人员认为人人都有创造力，并且他们使用叙事法进行的培训取得了成功。据此推知，C项“NarrativeMethodCanMakeAnyoneCreative”（叙事法让人人皆有创造力）为最佳标题。故选C项。DInterspecieswasonceatechnicaltermusedinsciencetodescribehowonespeciesgotalongwithanother.Nowitisawordofmoreconsequence:itarousesthenewconnectionsbetweenhumansandnonhumansthatarebeingmadepossiblebytechnology.InWaysofBeing,JamesBridle,aBritishartistandtechnologywriter,exploreswhatthismeansforunderstandingthemanynonhumanintelligencesonEarth.MrBridlemakesclearthatthreekindsofmindsarenowinteracting:human,nonhumanandmachine.Usingartificialintelligence(AI),machineswillinfuturehavethecapabilitytointerpose(使介入)themselvesastranslatorsbetweenhumansandotherbiologicallifeforms.ItistruethatprofitisthemainmotiveforadvancesinAI;asyetnaturedoesnotgetmuchofalookin,andnonhumanintelligencesgounexploredoutsidezoologydepartments.putingisasfocusedonhumansasever,evenasclimatechangeandbiodiversitylosssuggestitshoulddevotemuchgreaterattentiontootherspecies.Thefirststeptowardsaninterspeciesfuture,MrBridleargues,isshowingmoreappreciationforotherformsofintelligence.Tosomeextent,thisisalreadyhappening.Forexample,throughfilmsandotherinitiativesmanypeoplenowknowthatoctopuses(章鱼)haveanadvancedandstrangeintelligence.Thenextstep,MrBridledeclares,isrecognizingthatpeopleliveina“morethanhuman”world.Otherintelligenceshavedevelopedfromamonevolutionarybase,andtheyoverlap(重叠)inwaysthatscienceisjustbeginningtodiscover.WaysofBeingwouldhavebenefitedfromsharperediting.Yet,inmakingclearthepatience,imaginationandhumilityrequiredtobetterknowandprotectotherformsofintelligenceonEarth,hehasmadeanadmirablecontributiontothedawninginterspeciesage.12.Whichofthefollowingbestillustratestheterm“interspecies”?A.Awolfhuntsarabbit. B.Arobotdoeshousework.C.Aladywalksherdog. D.Aboyrecordsavideoforsquirrels.13.WhatdoesAIlayemphasisonnowadays?A.Biodiversity. B.Otherspecies. C.Humans. D.Climatechange.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thecharacteristicsofspeciesevolution.B.ExpectationsforthefuturedevelopmentofAI.C.Suggestionsonfutureexplorationofinterspecies.D.Theimportanceofappreciationforotherformsofintelligence.15.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoWaysofBeing?A.Skeptical. B.Favorable. C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能正在改变人们与其他生物之间的关系。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Interspecieswasonceatechnicaltermusedinsciencetodescribehowonespeciesgotalongwithanother.Nowitisawordofmoreconsequence:itarousesthenewconnectionsbetweenhumansandnonhumansthatarebeingmadepossiblebytechnology.(种间关系曾经是一个科学术语，用来描述一个物种如何与另一个物种相处。现在，它是一个更重要的词：它唤起了人类和非人类之间的新联系，而这种联系正因技术而成为可能)”可知，“种间关系”这个术语是指人类和非人类之间的新联系。由此推断，“一个男孩给松鼠录了一段视频”最能说明这个术语所表述的含义。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“putingisasfocusedonhumansasever,evenasclimatechangeandbiodiversitylosssuggestitshoulddevotemuchgreaterattentiontootherspecies.(尽管气候变化和生物多样性丧失表明计算机应该更多地关注其他物种，但它仍然一如既往地关注人类)”可知，现在人工智能的重点是人类。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thefirststeptowardsaninterspeciesfuture,MrBridleargues,isshowingmoreappreciationforotherformsofintelligence.(布瑞德先生认为，迈向跨物种未来的第一步是对其他形式的智力表现出更多的欣赏)”可知，本段主要介绍对未来物种间探索的建议。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WaysofBeingwouldhavebenefitedfromsharperediting.Yet,inmakingclearthepatience,imaginationandhumilityrequiredtobetterknowandprotectotherformsofintelligenceonEarth,hehasmadeanadmirablecontributiontothedawninginterspeciesage.(《存在之道》本可以从更尖锐的剪辑中获益。然而，在阐明更好地了解和保护地球上其他形式的智能所需的耐心、想象力和谦逊方面，他为跨物种时代的到来做出了令人钦佩的贡献)”可推断，作者对《存在之道》的态度是赞同的。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Worldinadish:ThegardenpathImagineaplateholdingtwostrawberries,identicalinappearance.Onecamefromthesupermarket,meaningitwasprobablyharvestedwhenitwasstillunripe,loadedontoarefrigeratedtruckanddrivenhundredsofmiles.___16___Theotherstrawberrywaspickedfromagardenminutesbeforebeingeaten.Thefirstonewillprobablytastelikeaslightlysoftcucumber,withlightberryflavorsandstrongsourtastes.Thesecondislikelytobesweetandfloral;theflavorwillstayinthemouth,asthepleasantsmellwillonthehands.___17___Theyareconvenientandavailableinthenorthernhemisphere(北半球)inFebruary.___18___Thisattitudemisunderstandstheultimateappealofgardening.Itmistakestheproductforthepurpose.Itistruethatagardencanproducepeasthatofferatasteofspringwhilefindingtomatoesintheshopscantakesometime,effortandexpense.Agarden,especiallyintheearlyyears,canalsoproducelittlebutfrustration.Beginninggardenersmayplantthewrongcropsfortheirsoil.Squirrelshaveanannoyinghabitoftakingsinglebitesofcucumbers,beansandtomatoes,thenleavingtherestonthevine(藤)torot.___19___Nomatter.___20___Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,bringingupchildrenoralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.Togardenistopatiently,lovinglyanddiligentlyhelplifeflourish,inthegroundandaboveit.A.Therealjoyofgardeningisthetimespentdoingit.B.Growingyourownvegetablesensuresareliablesupply.C.Wellstockedsupermarketshelvesareavailableallweek.D.Somecolumnistslongconsideredgardeningawasteoftime.E.However,supermarketstrawberriesarenotentirelywithoutadvantages.F.Bythetimeitreachedtheplateitmayhavebeenoffthevinefortwoweeks.G.Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason'sharvesttouncooperativeweather.【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.G20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了园艺的意义就是耐心地、慈爱地、勤勉地帮助生命在地上和地上蓬勃发展。【16题详解】根据空后的“Theotherstrawberrywaspickedfromagardenminutesbeforebeingeaten.(另一个草莓是在吃之前几分钟从花园里摘的。)”可知，空处仍然在讨论第一种草莓的来源；而上文提到第一种草莓是来自超市，在冷藏卡车里被运来的。选项F“Bythetimeitreachedtheplateitmayhavebeenoffthevinefortwoweeks.(当它到达盘子时，它可能已经从藤上脱落两周了。)”与上文内容一致，仍然在介绍第一种被运到超市售出的草莓。故选F。【17题详解】根据空后的“Theyareconvenientandavailableinthenorthernhemisphere(北半球)inFebruary.(它们在北半球的2月份是方便和可用的。)”可知，在北半球的二月份能够获得的草莓是第一种草莓，所以可以推测空处需要提到第一种草莓。选项E“However,supermarketstrawberriesarenotentirelywithoutadvantages.(然而，超市里的草莓也不是完全没有优势。)”引出下文，符合文意。故选E。【18题详解】根据空后的“Thisattitudemisunderstandstheultimateappealofgardening.Itmistakestheproductforthepurpose.(这种态度误解了园艺的终极吸引力。它把产品错当成了目的。)”可知，空处需要提到一种错误的看法。选项D“Somecolumnistslongconsideredgardeningawasteoftime.(一些专栏作家长期以来认为园艺是浪费时间。)”引出下文，同时和下文的“thisattitude”一致。故选D。【19题详解】根据空前的“Agarden,especiallyintheearlyyears,canalsoproducelittlebutfrustration.Beginninggardenersmayplantthewrongcropsfortheirsoil.Squirrelshaveanannoyinghabitoftakingsinglebitesofcucumbers,beansandtomatoes,thenleavingtherestonthevine(藤)torot.(一个花园，尤其是在早期的几年里，除了挫折，也能产生很少的东西。初学园艺的人可能种错了适合自己土壤的作物。松鼠有一个讨厌的习惯，就是只咬一口黄瓜、豆类和西红柿，然后把剩下的留在藤蔓上腐烂。)”提到的都是园艺带给人们的沮丧和挫败感。选项G“Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason'sharvesttouncooperativeweather.(即使是园艺专家也可能因为不配合的天气而失去一个季节的收成。)”同样提到园艺人所得到的挫败感，与上文内容一致。故选G。【20题详解】根据空后的“Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,bringingupchildrenoralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.(最深层次的乐趣——就像烹饪、写作、抚养孩子或几乎任何有价值的事情一样——在于工作本身。)”可知，本段讲述的是园艺真正的乐趣。选项A“Therealjoyofgardeningisthetimespentdoingit.(园艺的真正乐趣在于花时间做它。)”与下文内容一致。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aftertheearthquake,Ididn’tknowwhatIwasgettingmyselfintowhenI____21____tohelpatahospitalinHaiti——orhowitwould____22____mylife.Uponmyarrival,Iwas____23____shockedbythepoorconditions.Thesurgicalbedswereoldandfeltcold.Thelightswere____24____.Anoverworkedairconditionerhummed(发嗡嗡声)somewhere.Thenextdaystartedonapositivenote.Thefirstsurgerywasonanoldman.Hisgranddaughterwashisbedside____25____.Shecouldn’tbeanymorethan11,inadirtydress,andtheseriousexpressionofsomeonefar____26____.Shedidnot____27____hergrandfathertheentiretime.Iexplainedthesurgerytothemandtheyagreedto____28____.Shewalkedalongsidehergrandfatherwhilehewascarriedonthestretcher(担架)totheoperatingroom,andthen____29____outsideinthecourtyard.Thingswent____30____duringtheoperation.Thesurgerytookafewhours,butasIwalkedoutofthebuilding,theyounggirlwasstillsittingthere.Whenshesawme,she____31____toherfeet.Islowedmypaceandsmile.Shesmiledandforthefirsttimeshelookedherage.The____32____imageoflifeatthetimeofadisasterwasreplacedbythe____33____oftheyounggirlaswereturnedhergrandfathertohisbed.Thesmilethehopeinhereyes,the____34____tohergrandfather—shesmiledinspiteofhersurroundings.Iwasinspiredbythiscase,anditsupportedmefortherestdaysasavolunteerinthatmonthlong____35____.21.A.promised B.volunteered C.attempted D.expected22.A.change B.occupy C.control D.trouble23.A.thus B.anyhow C.otherwise D.somewhat24.A.glaring B.burning C.dim D.bright25.A.guide B.assistant C.panion D.servant26.A.luckier B.wiser C.older D.sadder27.A.leave B.watch C.disappoint D.bore28.A.moveoff B.settledown C.dropout D.goahead29.A.slept B.waited C.wept D.played30.A.fast B.smoothly C.wrong D.awkwardly31.A.jumped B.climbed C.struggled D.rushed32.A.vague B.unique C.disturbing D.impressive33.A.energy B.smile C.youth D.kindness34.A.gratitude B.contribution C.attachment D.mitment35.A.adventure B.research C.experiment D.trip【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.C27.A28.D29.B30.B31.A32.C33.B34.D35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者去海地一家医院做志愿者时的一次经历。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：地震发生后，当我自愿去海地的一家医院帮忙时，我不知道自己会陷入什么境地——也不知道这将如何改变我的生活。A.promised承诺；B.volunteered志愿做，义务做；C.attempted尝试，努力；D.expected期待。由全文内容及文章最后一句中的“asavolunteer”可知，作者前往海地的一家医院参加震后救援的志愿者工作。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.change改变；B.occupy占据；C.control控制；D.trouble使忧虑，苦恼。结合语境可知，作者不知道做志愿者会如何改变自己的生活。故选A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：刚到这里，我就对恶劣的环境感到有些震惊。A.thus因此；B.anyhow无论如何；C.otherwise否则；D.somewhat稍微，有点。根据下文的描述“Thesurgicalbedswereoldandfeltcold.(手术床又旧又冷)”可知，作者对恶劣的环境感到有些震惊。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灯光很昏暗。A.glaring耀眼的；B.burning燃烧的，明亮的；C.dim昏暗的；D.bright明亮的。此处是描写那里恶劣的环境，故灯光是昏暗的。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的孙女是他旁边的陪护。A.guide向导；B.assistant助手；C.panion陪护，同伴；D.servant仆人。根据语境及下文提到老人做手术时孙女在外等待可知，孙女在他旁边陪护。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不可能超过11岁，穿着一条脏裙子，表情严肃得像一个比她大得多的人。A.luckier更幸运的；B.wiser更明智的；C.older年龄更大的；D.sadder更悲伤的。根据语境及第五段中“Shesmiledandforthefirsttimeshelookedherage.(她笑了，第一次看着像她那个年龄)”可知，小女孩看起来比实际年龄老成得多。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她全程都没有离开她的爷爷。A.leave离开；B.watch观看；C.disappoint使失望；D.bore使厌烦。根据语境及下文“Shewalkedalongsidehergrandfatherwhilehewascarriedonthestretcher(担架)totheoperatingroom(当她的祖父被抬上担架送往手术室时，她一起走在他身边)”可知，小女孩陪护爷爷，全程都没有离开，故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我向他们解释了手术，他们同意进行手术。A.moveoff离开，出发；B.settledown定居；C.dropout退出，辍学；D.goahead着手，开展，进行。根据下文“whilehewascarriedonthestretcher(担架)totheoperatingroom”可知，作者向他们解释了手术的情况，他们同意了进行手术。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当祖父被担架抬到手术室时，她陪在他身边，然后在外面的院子里等着。A.slept睡觉；B.waited等待；C.wept哭泣；D.played玩。由下一段中“Thesurgerytookafewhours,butasIwalkedoutofthebuilding,theyounggirlwasstillsittingthere.(手术进行了几个小时，但当我走出大楼时，那个小女孩还坐在那里)”可知，女孩一直等在那里。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：手术进行得很顺利。A.fast快速；B.smoothly顺利地；C.wrong错误地；D.awkwardly笨拙地。根据下文“Islowedmypaceandsmile.(我放慢了脚步，微笑着)”可知，作者出了手术室看到小女孩后笑了，说明手术很顺利。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一看见我就一跃而起。A.jumped跳跃；B.climbed攀登；C.struggled挣扎；D.rushed冲，奔。上文“theyounggirlwasstillsittingthere”提到小女孩坐在那里，此处指看见作者出来就一跃而起。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灾难发生时令人不安的生活景象被我们送她祖父回到床上时那个年轻女孩的微笑所取代。A.vague不明确的，模糊的；B.unique独特的；C.disturbing令人不安的，引起恐慌的；D.impressive令人印象深刻的。根据“atthetimeofadisaster”可知，灾难发生时应是令人不安的生活景象。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.energy精力；B.smile微笑；C.youth青春；D.kindness善良。上文提到小女孩像个孩子一样笑了，结合下文的“Thesmile”可知，灾难发生时令人不安的生活景象被那个年轻女孩的微笑所取代。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的微笑，她眼中的希望，她对祖父的照顾——不管周围的环境如何，她都微笑着。A.gratitude感激；B.contribution贡献；C.attachment依恋；D.mitment投入，奉献。上文提到小女孩一直没有离开祖父，在手术室外等了很长时间，所以此处指“她的笑容，她眼中的希望，她对祖父的照顾——她不顾周围的一切，微笑着”。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这件事中得到了启发，它支撑着我走过为期一个月的志愿者旅程中余下的日子。A.adventure冒险；B.research研究；C.experiment试验；D.trip旅行，出行。根据文章内容可知，作者在海地一家医院做志愿者，此处指这次出行。故选D项。第Ⅱ卷(45分)第二节(共10小题;每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyouweretoldtostopfrombreathingthroughyournose,couldyoudoit?JournalistNestormade___36___forabout10days,plugginguphisnoseand____37____(breathe)onlythroughhismouthaspartofanexperimentatStanfordUniversity.Theeffectsweresystemic—sleepingtroubles,highblood____38____(press)and,ofcourse,disfort.Breathingissoautomaticanactivity____39____mostofusneverthinkaboutdoingit.ButasNestorshowsthroughhisownexperiencesandconversationswithdozensofexperts,thewaywebreathe____40____(make)adifferenceforthebody’soverallhealth.Basedontheresultsoftheexperiment,hepublishedabookBreath:TheNewScienceofaLostArt,____41____heexplores