（3年高考2年模拟1年原创）高考英语28新题型任务型阅读(二)

3年高考2年模拟1年原创专题28新题型——任务型阅读(教师版)

【考点定位】2014考纲解读和近几年考点分布

任务型阅读是江苏省在2008年开始采用的一种新的阅读理解考查形式。而安徽2009

年高考英语命题最大的变化就是取消了短文改错，增加任务型阅读，词汇要求提高至3000

个左右。

两省的任务型阅读的题型结构为一篇300词左右的短文和表格，要求考生对文中的

有效信息进行筛选、整合和粽合概括，然后?隹确、有序地完成表格的空缺।根据说明，

一空只填一词这不仅要求考生有较好的语篇理解能力，同时还必须具威取有效信

息、寸嗨文章整体结构的能力。而且在填写过程中，考生还必须具备较扎实的词法和句

法知识，因为所填写的单词不仅要准确表达意思，还必须在词性和词形上与上下文的句

子结构保持一致或匹配。根据图表的呈现形式分为：1.组织结构式；2.网络式；3.射

线式。

任务型阅读的出现不仅有利于考查学生把握文章的篇章结构、综合处理信息的能

力，体现出了新课改增加客观表达题的努力，同时对英语教学和高考复习提出了极高的

要求。

【考点pk】名师考点透析

由于任务型阅读是“新生事物”，学生普遍感觉很难。首先要了解表格的设置，据考试

说明中的范例，表格一般是文章的整体行文结构，包括标题、段落大意、文章细节、结论等

部分。其次要领悟空缺的类型，如：

1.筛选类：通过定位题目在文章中的位置即可找到答案，一般为原词。

2.整合类：要对文章的原句进行加工，根据句型结构变化和语法要求提炼出新词，

如：Therearemainlytwotypesofsources.-*Therearetwotypesof

sources,(main)

Thepersonpresentingtheprogramisverypassionate,fTheisvery

passionate,(presenter)

3.概括类：根据说明，要能概括出文章的标题、段落大意、文章的目的、结论等，要

求较高。同学们在填空时务必要仔细，注意单词大小写、单复数、词性等。

解题规律跟思路

第一步：读懂短文主要意思了解文章大意是解题的第一环，也是关键的一步。只有

读懂了文章，才能顺利地在表格中填出相关的信息。值得注意的是：如果表格前提供了

小标题，要特别注意4幅题，它通常是陵W和表格的主题句。读懂了标题有助手理解短

文和表格的大意和结构。

第二步：理清短文主体结构了解短文的写作思路和线索结构，有助于加深对篇章内

容的理解，同时短文的结构往往也是很重要的命题线索表格项目基本上就患艮据篇章结

构而设计的。

第三步：分析完表格后细读文章，确定答案。

仔细阅读文章.寻■我相关I言息及关键词。学会推理判断，力争返回原文，找出文章

哪一部分与题目相关，抓住关键词语，以此为线索，在文中找出词、句、句群来满足问

题要求。

1)掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中(尤其最上栏、最左栏)需要学生概括相应栏内的内容，这

就要求学生学会使用一些概括性词语。常用归纳概括性词汇有：aims,purposes,reasons,

causes,results,effects,advice,suggestions,opinions,topics,background,

introduction,advantages,disadvantages,attitudes,features,phenomena(phenomenon),

tips,characteristics(character),personality,data,name,sex,conclusion等。

有忖不仅需要记清楚这些概括性词汇，还要熟练掌握该词汇的常用搭配，以便迅速锁定最佳

词语。如比较anintroductionofsomething,instructionsforsomething,measuresto

something和knowledgeaboutsomething后，考生们可以根据不同的介词的使用，快速辨

清到底应使用这几个相近名词中的明K一个。

2)巧妙运用转换。有时原文中的词汇不能直接用来填入空格，要求学生用相应词组替

代转换。这就需要考生们平时多积累英语词汇，学会用英语解释英语，多查英英词典，巧用

同义词、反义词、前缀、后缀、常用句型、词语搭配等。

4.检查答案。

主要检查字数是否符合要求，所填内容与原文意思是否保持通顺一致，句意是否连贯，

是否符合语法规则等。

总之，只要考生注意平时多做任务型阅读的题目，多总结各种表格的特点，注意常用词

汇的积累，做题时细心并适时随机应变，完全可以游刃有余地应对任务型阅读这种新题型。

【三年高考】09、10、11、12、13高考试题及其解析

（2013江苏卷）

任务型阅读（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文

章后表格中的空格里填入二个最恰当的单词。

注意:请将答案写在答题卡匕相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

QuietVirtue:TheConscientious

Theeverydaysignsofconscientiousness（认真尽责）一beingpunctual,carefulin

doingwork,self-disciplined,andscrupulous（一丝不苟的）inattendingto

responsibilities-aretypicalcharacteristicsofthemodelorganizationalcitizen,

thepeoplewhokeepthingsrunningastheyshould.Theyfollowtherules,helpout,

andareconcernedaboutthepeopletheyworkwith.It'stheconscientiousworker

whohelpsnewcomersorupdatespeoplewhoreturnafteranabsence,whogetstowork

ontimeandneverabusessickleaves,whoalwaysgetsthingsdoneondeadline.

Conscientiousnessisakeytosuccessinanyfield.Instudiesofjob

performance,outstandingeffectivenessforalmostalljobs,fromsemi-skilled

labortosalesandmanagement,dependsonconscientiousness.Itisparticularly

importantforoutstandingperformanceinjobsatthelowerlevelsofanorganization:

thesecretarywhosemessagetakingisperfect,thedeliverytruckdriverwhois

alwaysontime.

AmongsalesrepresentativesforalargeAmericancarmanufacturer,thosewho

weremostconscientioushadthelargestvolumeofsales.Conscientiousnessalso

offersabuffer（缓冲）againstthethreatofjoblossintoday'sconstantly

changingmarket,becauseemployeeswiththisqualityareamongthemostvalued.For

thesalesrepresentatives,theirlevelofconscientiousnessmatteredalmostasmuch

astheirsalesindeterminingwhostayedon.

Thereisanairaroundhighlyconscientiouspeoplethatmakesthemseemeven

betterthantheyactuallyare.Theirreputationfordependabilityinfluences

managers爷evaluationsoftheirwork,givingthemhigherevaluationsthanobjective

measuresoftheirperformancewouldpredict.

Butconscientiousnessintheabsenceofsocialskillscanleadtoproblems.Since

conscientiouspeopledemandsomuchofthemselves,theycanholdotherpeopleto

theirownstandards,andsobeoverlyjudgmentalwhenothersdon爷tshowthesame

highlevelsofmodelbehavior.FactoryworkersinGreatBritainandtheUnitedStates

whowereextremelyconscientious,forexample,tendedtocriticizeco-workerseven

aboutfailuresthatseemedunimportanttothosetheycriticized,whichdamagedtheir

relationships.

Whenconscientiousnesstakestheformoflivinguptoexpectations,itcandiscourage

creativity.Increativeprofessionslikeartoradvertising,opennesstowildideas

andspontaneity（自发性）arescarceandindemand.Successinsuchoccupationscalls

forabalance,however;withoutenoughconscientiousnesstofollowthrough,people

becomemeredreamers,withnothingtoshowfortheirimaginativeness.

QuietVirtue:TheConscientious

—Conscientiouspeoplearevery(71)Awiththemselves.

Featuresof

conscientiousness

一Conscientiouspeoplearevery(72)Atoothers.

(73)▲of

conscientiousness

Employers,evaluationsoftheworkofconscientiouspeople

canbe(78)A.

Possible(77)AwithConscientiouspeoplewithoutsocialskillstendtohave

conscientiousness(79)▲relationshipswiththeirfellowworkers.

Conscientiousnesscan(80)▲creativity,especiallyin

professionscallingforimagination.

【语篇解读】任务型读写卜:要考任务生对文中行效信息进行筛选、整合和综今概括的能力。

要求考生在阅读理解的基础上，对阅读信息进行二次加工，归纳要点，、整合零散信息，并

以表格的形式把加工后的信息准确、有序地发达出来。本文是•篇说明文。通常来说，尽职

尽责是个很大的优点：I:作认真负责，守时自律，帮助别人等等,但同时也有它的缺点，

如阻碍创造性，对同出要求过严而影响关系等。

71.解析：归纳总结题..第•段中讲述的尽职尽责的人的特点：beingpunctual.carefulindoing

work,sclf-disciplincd,andscrupulous（•丝不苟的）inattendingtoresponsibilities他们守时，E

作中细心，H律，世不荀这些都说明他们时自」要求很严格.

答案：strict

72.解析:信息转换题第It,stheconscientiousworkerwho"helps'*newcomersor

updatespeople….说明，尽职尽责的人对别人是helpful或?!good

答案：helpfulgood

73.解析：归纳总结题:文章的第234段讲述了尽职尽责好处和重要性。

答案：FunctionsRolesImportanceSignificance

74.解析：ill泞段的〔hepeoplewhokeepthingsrunningastheyshould可知答案。

答案：runningworkinggoingoperatingfunctioning

75.解析：在接信息即从笫Ji1!'：I*JInstudiesofjobperfornKuicc.outstandingeffectiveness

foralmostalljobs…川.知笞■案

答案：perfbrniancc（s）

76.解析：信息也换题从笫•.段的Conscientiousnessalsooffersabuffer（缓冲）againstthe

thrciitofjoblossintoday'sconstantlychangingmarket.nJ如他们不容易失1.作，转化为动

词，即可得到答案。

衿案：fireddismissed.jobless

77.解析：直接信息;题从第“段的第•句话Buiconscientiousnessintheabsenceofsocial

skillscanleadtoproblems.知笞■案.

答案：problcms/troublcs

TX.।hi："乂L2泊（hemhigherihunohjcclnctncusurcs

恪K

答任：higherMibjcctivcuntilirprejudiced

T<>♦'机：1I纳总外包H：T；h；占W的..6crl、jiidgmcnljl...lended【仆CMID/Cowrlcr、.

EL.他们川，川"h求.可他火力犯kMHR而接成Z转履我

K：tense（.lanugcdpnorbad

so.M析：fl接illMiAli：I-Jitcandiscouragecreutivilytil祚*:

??"V.：di>courageailedckiiiugc

2012高考英语试题

[2012•江苏卷]

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入二个最恰当的单

词。

注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

aHappinessAdvantagewEffect

InJuly2010Burt'sBees,apersonal-careproductscompany,wasgoing

throughenormouschangeasitbeganaglobalexpansioninto19newcountries.In

thiskindofhigh-pressuresituation,manyleadersbothertheirassistantswith

frequentmeetingsorfloodtheirin-boxeswithurgentdemands.Indoingso,managers

lifteveryone，sanxietylevel,whichactivatesthepartofthebrainthatprocesses

threatsandstealsresourcesfromtheprefrontalcortex（大脑皮层），whichis

responsibleforeffectiveproblemsolving.

Burt，sBees*sthen-CEO,JohnWolfgang,tookadifferentapproach.Eachday,

he'dsendoutane-mailpraisingateammemberforworkrelatedtoglobalmarketing.

He'dinterrupthisownpresentationstoremindhismanagerstotalkwiththeirteams

aboutthecompanyJsvalues.Heaskedmetofurtherathree-hoursessionwith

employeesonhappinessinthecourseoftheexpansioneffort.Asonememberofthe

seniorteamtoldmeayearlater,Wolfgang"semphasisondevelopingpositive

leadershipkepthismanagersactivelyinvolvedandloyalastheysuccessfully

transformedthecompanyintoaglobalone.

Thatoutcomeshouldn'tsurpriseus.Researchshowsthatwhenpeoplework

withapositivemind-set（思维模式），performanceonnearlyevery

level—productivity,creativity,involvement—improves.Yethappinessisperhaps

themostmisunderstooddriverofperformance.Forone,mostpeoplebelievethat

successcomesbeforehappiness."OnceIgetapromotion,I'11behappy,“they

think.Or,“OnceIhitmysalestarget,V11feelgreat."Butbecausesuccess

isamovingtarget—assoonasyouhityourtarget,youraiseitagain—thehappiness

thatresultsfromsuccessdoesnotlastlong.

Infact,itworkstheotherwayaround:Peoplewhohaveapositivemind-set

performbetterinthefaceofchallenge.Icallthisthe“happiness

advantage一everybusinessoutcomeshowsimprovementwhenthebrainispositive,

rveobservedthiseffectinmyroleasaresearcherandlecturerin48countries

ontheconnectionbetweenemployeehappinessandsuccess.AndI'mnotalone:Inan

analysisof225academicstudies,researchersfoundstrongevidenceof

cause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenlifesatisfactionandsuccessfulbusiness

outcomes.

Anothercommonmisunderstandingisthatourgenetics,ourenvironment,or

acombinationofthetwodetermineshowhappyweare.Tobesure,bothfactorshave

animpact.Butone'sgeneralsenseofwell-beingissurprisinglyunstable.The

habitsyouform,thewayyouinteractwithcolleagues,howyouthinkabout

stress—allthesecanbemanagedtoincreaseyourhappinessandyourchancesof

success.

|"HappinessAdvantage”Effect|

Leaderstendto71._—theirassistants

Ausualtoooften.

approachto

managementSuchamanagementstylemayresultin

greater72.___andlessproductivityin

theassistants.

JohnWolfgangwas73.___ofhisass-

5

Adifferentistantsfeelings.

approachtoThemanagersremained74._tothe

managementcompany.

Positiveleadershipcouldmakeabig

75.toemployees'performance.

Happinessisperhapsthemostmisun­

derstooddriverofperformance.

Asamatteroffact,your77.___won't

Researchkeepyourhappinesslong.

findings:

PeopleThe"happinessadvantage^^effectis

performbetter78.provedbyresearchfindings.

whenthinking

76._Itisalsomisunderstoodthathowhappy

weareis79.___byourgenetics,envi­

ronmentoracombinationofthetwo.

Alotoffactorshaveanimpactonhow

happypeopleareandwhetherthereare

80.ofbeingsuccessful.

【文章大意】最近一项研究表明，一个人的幸福感可能会决定是否能够成功。所以在企

业中，若经理保持着乐观的管理态度，体贴员工，这将使员工的幸福感增强，从而更愿意投

入到工作中。

71.botherannoy细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“二nthiskindofhigh-pressure

s：mat:on:manyleadersbothertheirassistants招二th…”可知此处用botherannoy.

Ianx:?r/concernworry细节理解题。根据第一段第三句doingso;managers

lifteveryonesanxietylev??•,可知此处用anxietyconcernworry.

^3.considerateawareconscious归纳推理题。根据第二段可知，JohnWo：定anr采

取了一种不同的管理方法，即理解、体贴助手，取得了非常好的效果，薮药用

considerateawareconscious.

"4.loyalfaithfuldevotedcomniitted细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“…匕pth:s

managersact:\,e：yinvolvedandloyalasth号…”可知此处可用

loyalfaith缸devotedconmi：tted8

75.difference归纳总结题。根据第二段最后一句“…astheysuccessfully

transformedthecompanyintoaglobalone”可知积极的领导关系对员工的表现起着非

常大的作用。makeadifference“起作用，有效果”，符合语境。

76.positively词性转变题。根据第三段第二句“…whenpeopleworkwitha

positivemind-set”可知答案。注意此处用positive的副词形式positively修饰动词

thinko

77.success/achievements细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“…youraiseit

again——thehappinessthatresultsfromsuccessdoesnotlastlong.“可知答案。

78.strongly词性转变题。根据第四段最后一句“…researchersfoundstrong

evidenceofcause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenlifesatisfactionandsuccessful

businessoutcomes.”可知此处用strong的副词形式strongly修饰动词proveo

79.determined/decided词性转变题。根据最后一段“…isthatourgenetics,

ourenvironment,oracombinationofthetwodetermineshowhappyweare.”可知

此处答案。

80.chances/possibilities/opportunities归纳推理题。根据最后一段最后一

句可知“你形成的习惯，与同事交流的方式，如何看待压力等都和是否有可能成功有关系”，

故此处表示“可能性/机会”，即chances/possibilities/opportunitiesc

2011高考英语试题

（2011江苏卷）任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入7个最恰当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

WhenShouldaLeaderApologizeandWhenNot?

WhyDifficult?

Whenwewrongsomeoneweknow,evennotintentionally,wearegenerallyexpected

toapologizesoastoimprovethesituation.Butwhenwe'reactingasleaders,the

circumstancesaredifferent.Theactofapologyiscarriedoutnotmerelyatthe

leveloftheindividualbutalsoattheleveloftheinstitution.Itisaperformance

inwhicheveryexpressionmattersandeverywordbecomespartofthepublicrecord.

Refusingtoapologizecanbesmart,oritcanbestupid.So,readinesstoapologize

canbeseenasasignofstrongcharacterorasasignofweakness.Asuccessful

apologycanturnhateintopersonalandorganizationalharmony-whileanapology

thatistoolittle,toolate,ortooobviouslystrategiccanbringonindividual

andinstitutionalruin.What,then,istobedone?Howcanleadersdecideifand

whentoapologizepublicly?

WhyNow?

Thequestionofwhetherleadersshouldapologizepubliclyhasneverbeenmore

urgent.Duringthelastdecadeorso,theUnitedStatesinparticularhasdeveloped

anapologyculture-apologiesofallkindsandforallsortsofwrongdoingsaremade

farmor.efrequentlythanbefore.Morenewspaperwritershavewrittenaboutthe

growingimportanceofpublicapologies.Morearticles,cartoons,advicecolumns,

andradioandtelevisionprogramshavesimilarlydealtwiththesubjectofprivate

apologies.

WhyBother?

Whydoweapologize?Whydoweeverputourselvesinsituationslikelytobe

difficult,embarrassing,andevenrisky?Leaderswhoapologizepubliclycouldbe

aneasytarget.Theyareexpectedtoappearstrongandcapable.Andwheneverthey

makepublicstatementsofanykind,theirindividualandinstitutionalreputations

areindanger.Clearly,then,leadersshouldnotapologizeoftenorlightly.For

aleadertoexpressapology,thereneedstobeagood,strongreason.Leaderswill

publiclyapologizeifandwhentheythinkthecostsofdoingsoarelowerthanthe

costsofnotdoingso.

WhyRefuse?

Whyisitthatleaderssooftenrefusetoapologize,evenwhenapublicapology

seemstobeinorder?Theirreasonscanbeindividualorinstitutional.Because

leadersarepublicfigures,theirapologiesarelikelytobepersonally

uncomfortableandevenprofessionallyrisky.Leadersmayalsobeafraidthat

admissionofamistakewilldamageordestroytheorganizationforwhichtheyare

responsible.Therecanbegoodreasonsforhangingtoughintoughsituations,as

weshallsee,butitisahigh-riskstrategy.

WhenShouldaLeaderApologizeandWhenNot?

Publicapologyismuchmorethanapersonal(71)▲.

Whyisitsodifficult

toapologizeIt'sno(72)▲jobtostrikeabalancebetweenapologizing

publicly?ornot.

Apologiesnot(73)▲offeredcanbringonindividualand

institutionalruin.

WhyhastheissueofInanapology(75)A.admissionofallsortsofwrongdoings

publicapologybeenismorerequiredthanbefore.

so(74)▲now

The(76)▲importanceofpublicapologieshasbeenwidely

intheUSA?

reportedinthemassmedia.

Beingpublicfigures,leadersare(77)▲toappearstrong

Whydoleadersbotherandcapable.

somuchaboutpublic

apologies?Thereneedstobeasufficientreasonforaleadertoapologizein

(78)▲.

Makingapologiesis(79)▲tobepersonallyuncomfortable

Whydoleadersoftenandevenprofessionallyrisky.

refusetoapologize

publicly?Admissionofamistakeorwrongdoingwillprobablydo(80)▲

totheirorganization.

【语篇解读】本文主题为：领导人何时应该（不应该）道歉？从领导人公开道歉为什么

困难，现在在美国为何如此急迫，为何如此麻烦，为何经常拒绝公开道amI方面进行阐

述。

1.答案performanceactactivity

【解析】根据第一段第三句"Theactofapologyiscarriedoutnotmerelyatthelevel

oftheindividualbutalso…”或第四句"Itisaperformace...99可知此处表示“行

为(表现/活动)”。

72.答案easy

【解析】根据第一个标题diffisW，结合第一段文意可知此处itisnoeasyjobto

do表示•……不是容易的活儿、

73.答案successfijlly

【解析】根据第一段第七句Asuccessfulapolog}-canturnhateintopersonaland

organizationharmony・..「可知此处表示,,成功地：0

:二.答案urgent

【解析】根据第二段第一"Thequestionof-vhetlier<1!i4c!：'gizepubliclyhas

ne-.erbeenmoreurgent「可知此处表示••紧急的,,迫的

:，答案culnire

【解析】根据第二段第二句二h二’1ap1'jvculture—apologiesofallkindsand

forallsortsof-3.10ns:=in•一/sni：iefuqueiitlytlianbuforu：.可知此处表示一文化，

76.答案p,*inzinrreasinriistu7

［解析】根二木...diegrov.ingimportanceofpublicapologies.F知此处表示

增长（上升）、

一?.答案expectAipposedrequired

【解析】根据第三段第四句aTheyareexpectedtoappearstrongandcapable.”可知

此处beexpected/supposed/requiredtodosth表示“被期望/应该/被要求要求做某

事”。

78.答案public

【解析】根据第三段最后一句aLeaderswillpubliclyapologizeif…”可知此处in

public表示“在公共场合（公开地）”。

79.答案likely

【解析】根据第四段第三句theirapologiesarelikelytobepersonally

comfortableandevenprofessionallyrisky.”可知此处belikelytobe表示“很有可

能…”O

80.答案harm/damage

【解析】根据第三段第四句“…willdamageordestory…”可知此处doharm/damageto

表示“对……有害”。

2010高考英语试题

（2010高考江苏卷）

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入：个最恰当的单

词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。

Formorethantwentyyearsscientistshavebeenseekingtounderstandthemystery

ofthe“sixthsense"ofdirection.Bytryingoutideasandsolvingproblemsone

byone,theyarenowgettingclosertooneanswer.

Onefunnyideaisthatanimalsmighthaveabuilt-incompass（指南针）.

Ourearthitselfisabigmagnet（磁体）.Soalittlemagneticneedlethatswings

freelylinesitselfwiththebigearthmagnettopointnorthandsouth.Whenpeople

discoveredthatideaaboutathousandyearsagoandinventedthecompass,itallowed

sailorstonavigate（航海）onoceanvoyages,evenundercloudyskies.

Actuallytheideaofthelivingcompasscamejustfromobservinganimalsin

nature.

Manybirdsmigratetwiceayearbetweentheirsummerhomesandwinterhomes.Some

ofthemflyforthousandsofkilometersandmostlyatnight.Experimentshaveshown

thatsomebirdscanrecognizestarpatterns.Buttheycankeeponcourseevenunder

cloudyskies.Howcantheydothat?

Acommonbirdthatdoesnotmigratebutisgreatatfindingitswayhomeisthe

homingpigeon.Notallpigeonscanfindtheirwayhome.Thosethatcanareverygood

atit,andtheyhavebeenwidelystudied.

Oneinterestingexperimentwastoattachlittlemagnetstothebirds'heads

toblocktheirmagneticsense一justasaloudradiocankeepyoufromhearinga

calltodinner.Onsunnydays,thatdidnotfoolthepigeons.Evidentlytheycan

usethesuntotellwhichwaytheyaregoing.Butoncloudydays,thepigeonswith

magnetscouldnotfindtheirway.Itwasasifthemagnetshadblockedtheirmagnetic

sense.

Similarexperimentswiththesamekindofresultsweredonewith

honeybees.Theseinsectsalsoseemtohaveaspecialsenseotdirection.

Inspiteoftheexperiments,theideaofananimalcompassseemedpretty

extraordinary.Howwouldananimalgetthemagneticstuffforacompass?

Ananswercamefromanunexpectedsource.Ascientistwasstudyingbacteriathat

liveinthemudofpondsandmarshes.Hefoundaccidentallylittlerod-likebacteria

thatallswamtogetherinonedirection一north.

Furtherstudyshowedthateachlittlebacteriumhadachainofdenseparticles

inside,whichprovedmagnetic.Thebacteriahadmadethemselvesintolittlemagnets

thatcouldlineupwiththeearth*smagnet.

Thebignewswasthatalivingthing,evenasimplebacterium,canmake

magnetite.Thatledtoasearchtoseewhetheranimalsmighthaveit..Byusinga

specialinstrumentcalledmagnetometer,scientistswereabletofindmagnetitein

beesandbirds,andeveninfish.Ineachanimal,exceptforthebee.themagnetic

stuffwasalwaysinorclosertothebrain.

Thus,theideaofabuilt-inanimalcompassbegantoseemreasonable.

TheMagneticSense—TheLivingCompass

PassageoutlineSupportingdetails

TheexistenceoftheOOurearthisabigmagnetandalittlefreely(71)

earthmagnetandtheAmagneticneedlelinesitselfwiththeearth

inventionofthemagnettopointnorthandsouth.

navigatingcompass◊(72)▲ontheideaabove,thenavigating

compasswasinvented.

ThepossibilityofOOnepieceofevidenceisthe(73)▲of

birds'built-inmanybirdsbetweentheirsummerhomesandwinter

compasseshomes.

OBirdscanrecognizestarpatternsonclear

nightsandkeeponcourse(74)▲____under

cloudyskies

The(75)▲onOLittlemagnetsweretiedtothepigeons'heads

pigeons'andbees'to(76)▲theirmagneticsense.

built-incompassesOThepigeons'magneticsenseseemedtobe

affectedon(77)▲days.

◊Similarthingswiththesameresultsweredone

withbees.

The(78)▲ofOLittlerod-likebacteriawerefoundbychanceto

themagneticstuffforswimtogetherinthedirectionof(79)A

theanimalcompassOSomeanimalshadachainofdensemagnetic

particlesinorclosetothe(80)▲inside

theirbodies.

71.【解析】swinging。将文章中的第二段中第二句中定语从句thatswings换用在现在

分词swinging作定语。

.【解析】Based。根据第三段第三句飞henpeoplediscoveredthatidea止outatliousand

yearsago3ndinventedtliecompass可知，指南针是以此为基础发明的，所以用Based,

与介词on相搭配。

73.【解析】migration。根据第五段第一句Z'.Zaiiybirdsmigratevviceayear可以判

断。

•【解析】曰口1。根据第五段倒数第二句Butdieycankeeponco、clo».idy

sLius可以判断。

75.【解析】experiments/tests/sf.id；,/resear*1,o：,八,•JM爸第七段和第八段

在鸽子和蜜蜂身上做实验的内容。

75.【解析】block©根据第匕，”14；；Jim?出eti;sunsu可以判断。

77.【解析】cl