英语六级作文.ppt

1、1,英语六级六级写作WritingofCET6,六级作文的得分技巧命题规律及模板写作练习备考建议,六级作文的得分技巧,六级作文技巧总结,卷面整洁书写清楚层次分明中心突出借助句式重在变化,大学英语六级写作评分标准,一等：文章切题。文字通顺，条理清楚，无重大语言错误，仅有个别小错。二等：文章切题。文字通顺，条理清楚，但有少量语言错误。三等：基本切题。有些地方表达不清，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，有些是严重错误四等：基本切题。思想表达不清，连贯性差，有较多的语言严重错误。五等：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎，大部分有错误，且多数为严重错误。,具体要求,1、打草稿后再动笔，减少涂改。2、书写漂亮、

2、工整。3、避免错误。六级作文的主要错误集中在思路、标点、时态、单复数、结构等五个方面。,错误举例,1句子成分残缺Wealwaysworkingtilllateatnightbeforetakingexams.（误）Wearealwaysworkingtilllateatnightbeforetakingexams（正）,2句子成分多余,Thistestisend,butthereisanothertestiswaitingforus.（误）Onetestends,butanotheriswaitingforyou.（正）,3主谓不一致,Someone/Somebodythinkthatread

3、ingshouldbeselective.（误）Someone/Somebodythinksthatreadingshouldbeselective.（正）,4动词时态误用,Iwaswalkingalongtheroad,andtherearenotsomanycarsonthestreet.（误）Iwaswalkingalongtheroadandtherewerenotsomanyvehiclesonthestreet.（正）,5动词语态误用,Thedriveroftheredcarwasdiedintheaccident.（误）Thedriveroftheredcardiedinthea

4、ccident.（正）,6词类混淆,Itismypointthatreadingmustbeselectively.（误）Inmyopinion,readingmustbeselective.（正）,Honestissoimportantforeveryperson.（误）Honestyissoimportantforeveryone.（正）,7名词可数与不可数的误用,Inmodernsociety,peopleareundervariouspressures（误）Inmodernsociety,peopleareundervariouskindsofpressure.（正）,8动词及物与不及

5、物的误用,Becauseofhisexcellentperformance,thebossrosehissalary.（误）Becauseofhisexcellentperformance,thebossraisedhissalary.（正）,9.动宾搭配不当,Wemustmakesolutionstotheproblem.（误）Wemustfindasolutiontotheproblem.（正）,Italsomayhelpyoutomakesuccess.（误）Itmayalsohelpyousucceed/obtainyourgoal.（正）,10.根据中文逐字硬译,Letustouch

6、theoutsideworldofcampus.Letskeepintouchwiththeworldoutsideofthecampus.,Dontforgettokeepagoodbodyhealth.（误）Dontforgettokeepfit/healthy.（正）,4.为了做到文章层次分明、中心突出，建议采用“中心句+支撑句”的模式：1、每段第一句是topicsentence，（改编自该段相对应的提纲）。2、后面的支撑句是各个分支观点，即（supportedsentences）。,5.英语文章结构三大特点：,1、观点鲜明的开头；2、紧扣主题的结尾；3、有主题句且衔接自然的中间段落。,

7、“起承转合”所需衔接词集锦：,起：nowadays,atpresent,firstofall,firstly；承：secondly,besides,moreover,furthermore,obviously,inaddition,inotherwords;,转：however,ontheotherhand,but,instead,conversely;合：therefore,so,asaresult,inshort,inbrief,inaword,inconclusion.,其他衔接词集锦：,1、列举Firstofall,;Whatsmore,;Lastbutnottheleast,2、举例

8、说明Letstakeasanexcellentexample.,3、强调Itisobvious/apparent/conceivablethatAsamatteroffact,.Thereisnodoubtthat,.4、并列In(the)otherwords,5、对照Contrastwith.Onthecontrary(bycontrast)Ononehand,;Ontheotherhand,.6、比较Comparatively,.Comparedwith,7、原因Dueto/Owingto/ThankstoAsaresultof8、结果Becauseofthis,.Asaresultoft

9、hat,Consequently,9、增加（补充）Moreover,Furthermore(whatismore),Foranaddition,.10、结尾（总结）Accordingtowhatwehavetalkedabove,wecanarriveattheconclusionreasonably/naturallythat.,6.借助经典句型,在平时的写作练习中多注意总结积累，每个话题都要背上几句。尽量用在文章的开头结尾，以及每段的开头，这样才能引人注目。,经典句型,1、isthemost+形容词+名词+(that)+主词+haveever+seen(known/heard/had/re

10、ad,etc)e.g.HelenisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。,2、Nothingis+more+形容词+thanto+Ve.g.Nothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.没有比接受教育更重要的事。,3、cannotemphasizetheimportanceoftoomuch.（再强调.的重要性也不为过。）e.g.Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.我们再强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过,4、I

11、tisuniversallyacknowledgedthat+句子（全世界都知道.）e.g.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的,5、Thereisnodoubtthat+句子（毫无疑问，.）e.g.Thereisnodoubtthatusingthesolarenergyisclean.毫无疑问,使用太阳能很清洁。,6、Thatistheexactreasonwhy（那就是.的真正原因）e.g.Summerisveryhot,andthatisthereasonwhyIdontli

12、keit.夏天很热。那就是我不喜欢它的真正原因。,7、So+形容词+be+主词+that+句子（如此.以致于.）e.g.Sopreciousistimethatwecantaffordtowasteit.时间如此珍贵，经不起浪费。,8、Adj+asbe,主语+V（虽然.）e.g.Richasourcountryis,thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。,9、Itistheverytimeforsb.todo（该是.的时候了）e.g.Itistheverytimefortheauthor

13、itiestotakeproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施解决交通问题的时候了。,10、Thereisnoonebut（没有人不.）e.g.Thereisnoonebutlongstogetajobwithhighsalary.没有人不渴望得到一份高薪的工作,11、Itisobvious/apparent/conceivablethat+句子（明显的）e.g.Itisconceivablethatknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinourlife.显而易见，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。,12、b

14、ebasedon（以.为基础）e.g.Theprogressofthesocietyisbasedonharmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。,13、becloselyrelatedto.（与.息息相关）e.g.Takingexerciseiscloselyrelatedtohealth.做运动与健康息息相关。,14、Dueto/Owingto/Thanksto+N./V-ing,（因为.）e.g.Thankstohisencouragement,Ifinallyrealizedmydream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。,15、have/hasagreatinfluenceon（对

15、.有很大的影响）e.g.Smokinghasagreatinfluenceonourhealth.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。,经典句型和短语,1随着经济的快速发展/人民生活水平的显著提高Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy/theremarkableimprovementofpeopleslivingstandard.2面临新的机遇和挑战befacedwithnewopportunitiesandchallenges,3人们普遍认为Itiscommonlybelieved/recognizedthat4社会/科技发展的必然结果theinevitableresul

16、tofsocial/technologicaldevelopment,5引起了广泛的公众关注arousewidepublicconcern/drawpublicattention6产生深远影响：have/hasaprofoundinfluenceon;have/hasdramatic/undesirableeffecton,7持有完全不同的观点holdatotallydifferentargument8对必不可少beindispensableto,9发挥着日益重要的作用playanincreasinglyimportantrolein10正如谚语所说Asafamouswesternprover

17、b/sayinggoesthat,7.注意词汇和句式的变化,词汇：同一文章中相同意思的词要争取不断用近义词替换，以显示文章用词的灵活性。句子：不一定要用长难从句，只要避免相邻句子句式太多的一致即可。,经典替换词组,Good:positive,favorable,great,rosy,fair,awesome,promising,perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding,superior,etc.,51,六级作文常用近义词集锦,1.important=crucial(extremelyimportant),significant(amountoreffe

18、ctlargeenoughtobeimportant)2.opinon=perspective,standpoint(meanslookingataneventorsituationinaparticularway),3.abundant=ample(enoughandusuallyextra),plentiful(enoughforpeoplesneedsandwants)4.stick=adhere,cling(holdonsomethingtightly),5.build=erect(youcanerectsomethingasbuildings,FORMAL),establish6.p

19、rimary=radical(veryimportantandgreatindegree),fundamental,命题规律总结及模板,55,I.常考题材：校园和社会,1、关于大学生对学习、校园生活及将来工作、人生等方面的看法和态度：e.g.:Howtoimprovestudentsmentalhealth(08.12)TheImportanceofReadingClassics（06.12）,2、贴近社会变化的热点话题.e.g.:TravelingAbroad(06.6)SayNotoPiratedProducts（05.6）出国StudyingAbroadorHome(1)现在有越来越多的

20、人出国留学(2)出国留学与在国内学习的对比(3)你的观点。,考研TheIntensifiedPostgraduateEntranceExamination(1).请简略叙述图表；(图表略)(2).说明造成这种现象的原因和可能的结果；(3).你的观点。,工作Certificateandability,whichismoreimportant?1）有人认为找工作时证书越多越好2）也有人认为找工作时能力最重要3）我的看法,二、个人生活1.守时，独立、信心的重要性、幽默感的重要性等观点论证型作文；2.能力与分数、聪明与勤奋、能力与长相、合作与竞争等对比选择型作文；3.健康问题，譬如肥胖、垃圾食品、锻炼

21、身体的重要性，等现象解释及问题解决型作文。,三、环境问题能源短缺、资源浪费、环境污染、低碳环保、塑料袋与一次性筷子、人口问题、地震海啸与核泄漏等现象解释与问题解决型作文,四、旅游交通出国旅游、乱刻乱画、私家车与交通堵塞,五、网络科技网络教育、网吧问题、网络游戏、网络名人,六、和谐社会食品安全、假冒伪劣商品等,备考建议,1、关注时事，培养思维。2、总结积累相关词汇、短语及经典句型,常考体裁,六级作文常考察的体裁：说明文议论文应用文,六级作文命题类型,(1).观点类作文a.观点选择类作文b.观点论证类作文(2).现象类作文a.现象阐释类b.问题解决类(3).图表类作文a.影响分析类b.问题解决类(

22、4).应用类作文a.书信b.演讲,一.观点选择型作文,此类作文直接要求考生比较两种对立的观点或做法，进而表明自己对问题或事务的态度或观点，做出选择。,观点选择型关键句式,Thereisageneraldiscussionnowadaysontheproblemof.Someargue/holdthat,butotherssetforthatotallydifferentargumentabouttheissue.如今，XX问题引起了广泛的讨论，有些人认为，但其他人则对此持有完全相反的观点。,Inreactiontothephenomenon/inanswertotheproblem/inres

23、ponsetotheon-goingsocialchange,somepeoplebelieveIntheirminds,However,othersmaintain.Intheireyes,对于这种现象/解决该问题/社会变化，一些人认为然而，其他人则认为在他们看来,Personally,Isidewiththeformer/latteropinions.就我个人而言，我支持前（后）一种观点。Iamoftheopinionthatpriorityshouldbegivento我首先赞成,Inconclusion,itisclearthat因此，很显然Whatconclusioncanbedra

24、wnfromalltheabovesaid,itis综上所述，我们可以得出这样的结论,观点选择类作文模板,Thereisnoconsensusamongpeopleastotheviewof(_).Theopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleholdtheideathat(_).Acaseinpointisthat(_).,However,othermayhaveaquitedifferentview.Accordingtothem,(_).Themosttypicalexampleisthat(_).,Weighingtheprosandconso

25、fthesearguments,Iaminclinedtoagreewith(_).Admittedly,theformerpointofviewseemsreasonableinsayingtosomeextend,but(_)ismoreconvincing.,观点论证,此类作文往往要求考生根据题目给出论点，按照提纲的结构要求对其下论证，然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实、讲道理的方式剖析事物，论述事理，发表意见，确立或否认某一主张。,观点论证型常用句式,Whenaskedabout(_),somepeopleholdtheideathat(_).Asfarastheyconcerned

26、with/about,(_).当问及时，一些人持有这样的观点；在他们看来，,ButIcouldnotagreewiththeminseveralpoints.Inmyopinion,(_).然而，我却不赞同他们的看法。在我看来，,Thereasonformychoicearelistedasfollows.我之所以做出这样选择，原因如下：Firstofall,(_).Whatismore,(_).Lastbutnottheleast,(_).首先，；其次，；最后，,Forthereasonsmentionedabove,Ifirmlybelievethat(_).基于以上原因，我坚持认为，,观

27、点型作文模板,Whenaskedabout(_),somepeopleholdtheideathat(_).Asfarastheyareconcerned,(_).ButIcouldnotagreewiththeminseveralpoints.Inmyopinion,(_).Thereasonformychoicearelistedasfollows.,Firstofall,(_).Whatismore,(_).Lastbutnottheleast,(_).Forthereasonsmentionedabove,Ifirmlybelievethat(_).,二、现象类作文,此类作文主要要求考

28、生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论，其基本结构是：首先说明现状；其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因；最后做出分析，指出其影响，提出解决建议或总结观点。,a.现象阐释类作文关键句式,Recently,thephenomenonofhasbecomethefocusofthepublicconcern.近年来，现象引起公众极大地关注。,Itisnoeasy/simpletasktoofferthereasonforthisphenomenonwhichinvolvesmorethanonecomplicatedfactor.要解释该现象的原因并不容易，因为其中涉及到很多复杂的因素。,Amongall

29、theimportant/convincingreasonsfor,oneshouldbeemphasized在所有重要、有力的原因中，我们应当重点关注,Thesignificanteffectsofthisphenomenonareundeniable,whichcanbeconcludedasthefollowingaspects.这一现象的重大影响是不可忽略的，可大致归结为以下几个方面：,Ononehand,;Ontheotherhand,一方面，；另一方面，,现象阐释类作文框架,Recently,thephenomenonofhasbecomethefocusofthepublicco

30、ncern.Whatarethereasonsforthephenomenon?Onmystandpoint,thereareseveralasfollows.,Firstofall,(_).Whatismore,(_).Lastbutnottheleast,(_).Thesignificanteffectsofthisphenomenonareundeniable,whichcanbeconcludedasthefollowingaspects.Ononehand,;Ontheotherhand,b.问题解决类作文关键句式,Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentof

31、theeconomy/society/peopleslivingstandard,wearefacingaseriousphenomenonthat目前，随着经济/社会的发展/人民生活水平的提高，我们正面临着一个严峻的社会现象，。,Inordertosolvethisproblem,itisessentialforustodiscussthecausesofit.为了解决这一问题，我们有必要首先分析其原因。,Whathascausedthisproblem?Itseemstomethatthereareseveralreasonsasfollows.在我看来主要有如下几条原因：,Firstof

32、all,(_).Whatismore,(_).Lastbutnottheleast,(_).首先，；其次，；最后，,Inviewoftheseriousnessofthephenomenon,effectivemeasuresshouldbetakenasfollows.考虑到这一现象的严重性，有关部门必须采取如下有效措施。,Ononehand,itishightimethatpeoplealloverChinarealizedtheseriousnessofthephenomenon;ontheotherhand,thegovernmentshouldissuelawsandregulati

33、onstoputthesituationundercontrol.一方面，必须使举国上下意识到这一现象的严重性；另一方面，政府应当制定相应的法律法规来控制这一局面。,b.问题解决型作文框架,Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentoftheeconomy/society/peopleslivingstandard,wearefacingaseriousphenomenonthat,Whathascausedthisproblem?Itseemstomethatthereareseveralreasonsasfollows.Firstofall,(_).Whatismor

34、e,(_).Lastbutnottheleast,(_).,Inviewoftheseriousnessofthephenomenon,effectivemeasuresshouldbetaken.Ononehand,itishightimethatpeoplealloverChinarealizedtheseriousnessofthephenomenon;Ontheotherhand,thegovernmentshouldissuelawsandregulationstoputthesituationundercontrol.Onlyinthesewaycanwesuccessfullys

35、olvetheproblem.words:101,三、图表型作文,此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图画入手，解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性；然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己的态度、做法等。,a.影响分析型关键句式,Thechart/graph/table/picturedescribesthatthefiguredeclines/fallssmoothly/markedly.Itindicatesthat图表显示数字下降平缓，这表明.,Theremaybeacombinationoffactorswh

36、ichcontributeto/areresponsiblefor可能是好几个因素造成的结果。,Theremaybeseveralpossiblereasonstothisphenomenon,whichwillbedemonstratedasfollows.可能有几个原因导致了我们下面所要阐述的现象。,Thesignificanteffectsofthisphenomenonareundeniable,whichcanbeconcludedasthefollowingaspects.这一现象的重大影响是不可忽略的，可大致归结为以下几个方面,Ononehand,;Ontheotherhand,

37、一方面，；另一方面，,现象阐释类作文框架,Asisshowninthegraphabove,wecanseeclearlythatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinfromtoThefirstyearssawThelastyearswitnessed,Whatarethereasonsforthe?Onmystandpoint,thereareseveralasfollows.Firstofall,(_).Whatismore,(_).Lastbutnottheleast,(_).,Thesignificanteffectsofthisphenomenonareunden

38、iable,whichcanbeconcludedasthefollowingaspects.Ononehand,;Ontheotherhand,b.问题解决型关键句式,Asisdescribedinthechart/graph/table/picture,inthepastfewdecadestherehavearisensharpincreasein如图所示，在过去的几十年中，急剧增长,Itisimportantthateffectiveactionsshouldbetakentopreventthesituation.采取有效措施防止这种情况的发生很重要。,Thereisnoimmedi

39、atesolutiontotheproblemof,butmightbehelpful/butthegeneralawarenessofthenecessityofmightbethefirststep.虽然问题没有现成的解决办法，但是,是有帮助的/但是意识到.的必要性应该是解决问题的第一步。,Inordertomakeourworldabetterplaceinwhichwelive,weshouldmakegreateffortsto为了让我们生活的世界变得更加美好，我们应该努力,Accordingtowhatwehavetalkedabove,wecanarriveattheconclu

40、sionreasonably/naturallythat.thebestwaytosolvethisproblemis综上所述，我们自然能得出以下结论，即解决这一问题的最好的办法就是,Followingthismethodmaynotguaranteethesuccessinsolutionto,butthepayoffwillbeworththeeffort.这些方法并不一定能成功解决，但是其结果是值得付出努力的。,问题解决型作文框架Asisshowninthegraphabove,wecanseeclearlythatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinfromtoThefirstyearssawThelastyearswitnessed,Whathascau