演示文稿1代词的讲解

1、（一）人称代词：,1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语. He teaches _(we) Chinese . 2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为: 单数:二,三,一 （You, she and I ） 复数:一,二,三 (we , you and they ) _ and _ are in the same class.她和我在同一个班级。 注:：若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.) Who broke the window ? _and _.谁打破的窗户？我和迈克。 人称代词之主、宾格的替换 1) 宾格代替主格 a.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not

2、后，多用宾语。 - I like English. -我喜欢英语。 - Me too. -我也喜欢。 - Have more wine? -再来点酒喝吗? - Not me. -我可不要了。,b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格。 但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能用主格。 He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am.,2) 主格代替宾格 a. 在介词but，except 后，有时可用主格代替宾格。 b. 在电话用语中常用主格。 - I wish to speak to Mary. -我想和玛丽通话。 - This is she.

3、 -我就是玛丽。 2）动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替，有时也用he, she，带有亲切的感情色彩。 Give the cat some food. She is hungry. 给这猫一些吃的。她饿了。 3）指代车或国家，船舶的名词，含感情色彩时常用she。,（二）.物主代词.,形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。 名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。 Our classroom is as big as _ (they). This is a friend of _ (my). 注: 1）（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词） T

4、his isnt _ bag , _ is here.这不是我的包，我的在这。 2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own 物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格。 公式为： a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。如： a friend of mine. each broth

5、er of his.,theirs,mine,my,mine,2,（三）.反身代词,记忆小窍门: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替. 反身代词的常用搭配: Enjoy oneself look after oneself Say to oneself dress oneself,（四）.指示代词,2.用法: 1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词. The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _ in Qingha

6、i. The books in that shop are cheaper than _in this shop. A. this B. that C one D those 2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子. He had a bad cold, _is why he didnt come. 3)在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方. _ is Tom speaking. Who is_? 我是Tom，你是哪位？,that,those,This,This,that,五 .不定代词,1 one与it

7、的区别,One是指同名异物，即同类中的一个，为泛指（=a/an+名词）；中的一种. It是指同名同物，为特指（=the+名词） This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?,2 some与any 的区别,some一般用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some 代any. 常用于could / would / May 开头或what about /how about . 的句中。 May I have some water? He asked me for some paper, but I didnt have any.

8、Any可以表示任何一个，可以用在肯定句中。Come any day you like!,注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much . The story is easy to read. There are _ new words in it. Hurry up! There is _ time left.,3 many,much, .a (few),a (little)的区别,few,little,Each, every都可以作不定形容词，但each 侧重单体，用于两者或两者以上；every侧重全体，用于三者或三者以上。 注:each 可以与of 连用, ea

9、ch of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every只能作形容词，后面必须跟有名词。 There are trees and flowers on _ side of the street. _ student has read a story.,4.each / every 的区别,each,Every,5.all,both,either,neither,none的区别,注: 1）both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数. neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. Neither of the answers _ (be) right. Both of my parents _ (be

10、) workers. 1) both (两者都)，either(两者中任何一个)， neither (两者都不)。以上词使用范围为两个人或物 Neither of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都不聪明。 2) both，either both与复数连用，either与单数连用。 Both the boys are clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。 Either of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。 There are flowers on both sides of the street. There are flowers o

11、n either side of the street. 路边长满了野花。,is,are,2 词组,A) both and 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only but also 反义词组: neither nor Not only you but also she likes watching TV. = _ you _ she like watching,B) either or 或者或者, neithernor 既不也不 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词实行就近原则. Neither you nor he _ (be) right. One of Lily and L

12、ucy is going to the park. = _ Lily _Lucy _ going to the park.,C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”,D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither sb。 某人也不怎么样. If you dont go there, _ _ I.,is,Either,or,is,6.another /the other /others /the others 的区别,注: 1) one the other 表示一个另一个，范围为两个。当出现物主代词时，两个中另一个的表达法为【 物主代词+ other】，不可以再加the

13、 I have two brothers, one is a teacher, _ is a worker. Peter, show me your one hand, then your _ hand. 2) the others表示“剩余的”，范围为两个以上。 There are 40 students in our class,15 are girls, _are boys. 3) another 表示“另一个，又一个” 泛指众多中的一个，后面一般接单数名词. Would you like _ apple? 4）others表示别人，没有范围限制，可以和some组成词组，someothe

14、rs (一些一些) Some are cleaning the classroom, _ are sweeping the window,7.复合不定代词.,注: 1）somebody(=someone) 用于肯定句中,在否定句及疑问句中用anybody（= anyone）； _ wants to see you.有人想见你。 Is there _here? 这里有人吗？ 同样，something（某物）用于肯定句中，在否定句及疑问句中用anything。 I want _ to eat. I cant do anything now. 2）everybody（=everyone）和every

15、thing是单数代词 _ works hard in class. 班里的每个人都很努力 Is_going well with you? 你一切顺利吗？ 3）Nobody（= no one）用作单数代词 _ wants to go home.没有人想回家。,（六）.疑问代词,疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句，它们在句中充当主语，表语，宾语，定语 当疑问代词作介词宾语时，可以将介词提前到句首。 注：1)Who和what Who问姓名或与回答人的关系，前面可以用物主代词。What“是做什么的”问职业，前面用”a/ an” _ is the girl? She is my sister. _is the

16、girl? She is a singer. 2) which 和what Which指“哪个，哪些”有选择的范围。what没有范围供选择。 _newspaper do you want? 你要什么报纸？ _do you like best of the three? 三个当中你最喜欢哪一个？,专项练习,( ) 1. Open the door, please! Its . A. I B. my C. me D. mine ( ) 2. _ have known each other for 15 years. A. He and I B. I and He C. You and him D.

17、 You and me ( ) 3. He lost his book. Will you lend him _. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself ( ) 4. Wont you let_ help you? A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me D. me and he ( ) 5. “Here is a pair which fits”. “Could I _?” A. put it on B. try on them C. put on them D. try them

18、on ( ) 6. Thats not_, it is _. I made it _. A. yours, her, myself B. yours, mine, myself C. yours, my, myself D. you, mine, my ( ) 7. The sentence_ is not wrong. A. himself B. myself C. it D. itself ( ) 8. The girl dresses_ when she gets up. A. her B. she C. himself D. herself ( ) 9. _ these girls d

19、o you know? A. Who are B. Which of C. What D. How many ( ) 10. _ is he? He is a teacher. A. Who B. Whom C. What D. Which,( ) 11. Our feeling was_. A. the same as they B. same as they C. the same as theirs D. same as theirs ( ) 12. Who is that boy? _. A. He is a student B. He is a worker He is her brother D. He is tall ( )1