词形变换类题型的几个考点

词形变换类题型的几个考点一、可数名词单数变复数类：1规则变化: （1）一般情况加-s, 如: girls, books, pens, bags, boys, days 等。（2）以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾加-es, 如: buses, boxes, watches, brushes 等。（3）以 o 结尾的名词，无生命的名词多加-s ，有生命的名词多加-es 。（4）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词, 变 y 为 i 加-es, 如: city cities, storystories（5）以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变 f 或 fe 为 v 加-es。如:leafleaves, knifeknives, shelfshelves 等。 （roofroofs）2不规则变化的名词要熟记：manmen, woman women, childchildren, footfeet,toothteeth, mousemice, peoplepeople, sheepsheep, ChineseChinese deerdeer JapaneseJapanese二、名词变形容词类：1在动词或名词后加后缀-ful, 如：carecareful; use useful; thankthankful; helphelpful; beautybeautiful; wonderwonderfulforgetforgetful2在名词后加-y, 如：lucklucky, cloudcloudy; windwindy; rainrainy; sunsunny, snowsnowy noise-noisy healthhealthy3在名词后加-y, 如： friendfriendly lovelovely daydaily4方位名词加-ern，如：easteastern westwestern southsouthernnorthnorthern northeastnortheastern6在名词后加-less, 变成否定含义的形容词。如：useuseless hopehopeless carecareless三、形容词加后缀变成名词1形容词加-ness 变成名词，如：happyhappiness illillness weakweakness kindkindnessgoodgoodness carelesscarelessness2形容词加-ty 变成名词，如：safesafety difficultdifficulty 3形容词加-th 变成名词，如：truetruth warmwarmth youngyouth 4形容词加-ence / ance 变成名词，如：important importance dependentdependence differentdifference四、形容词变副词类：形容词修饰名词、代词等作定语或表语；副词修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语。1一般形容词词尾加-ly 变成副词，如：slowslowly clearclearly quickquicklyquietquietly carefulcarefully suddensuddenlyrealreally2以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，要变 y 为 i 加-ly，如：easyeasily happyhappily heavyheavilyluckyluckily busybusily angry angrily; 3以元音字母加辅音字母e 结尾的重读开音节，直接加-ly，如：politepolitely safesafely widewidely4以元音字母e 结尾，去 e 加-ly ，如：truetruly5以辅音字母加-le 结尾，去 e 加-y ，如：terribleterribly possiblepossibly6形容词与副词同形，如：fastfast earlyearly highhigh hardhard7形容词与副词异形，如：goodwell8注意：hard 作形容词时意思是“困难的；硬的；生硬的 ”等；作副词时意思是“努力地” 。hardly 是否定副词，意思是“几乎不” 。五、动词变名词类：1动词加-er 变成名词，如：workworker farmfarmer teachteachersingsinger speakspeaker playplayerreadreader drivedriver writewriter riderider dancedancer runrunner; winwinner cookcooker wash washertraveltraveler 2动词加-or 变成名词，如：visitvisitor inventinventor operateoperatorconductconductor 3动词加-tion 变成名词，如：operateoperation inventinvention六、基数词变序数词类：主要掌握好 1-12 和 20、 30、40、50、60、70、80、90 及 21、22、23 这几个序数词的形式：onefirst nineninth forthfortiethtwosecond tententh fiftyfiftieththreethird eleveneleventh sixtysixtiethfourfourth twelvetwelfth seventy_seventiethsixsixth twentytwentieth eightieth eightysevenseventh twenty-onetwenty-first ninetyninetiethtwenty-twotwenty-secondtwenty-threetwenty _third thirtythirtieth 七、形容词与副词的原级、比较级和最高级类1形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成（1）单音节词与部分双音节词规则变变化： 一般词尾加 er, est； 如：fast faster fastest 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 加-er, -est；如：easy easier easiest 以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这个辅音字母再加-er, -est；如： hot hotter hottest 以 e 结尾加-r，-st；如：finefiner, nice nicer（2） 部分双音节词或以形容词加-ly 变成的副词和多音节词，在其前加 more, most 变成比较级和最高级。如：interestingmore interesting，most interestingbeautifulmore beautiful，most beautifulslowlymore slowly，most slowlyquicklymore quickly，most quickly（3）不规则变化：goodbetterbest wellbetter bestmanymoremost muchmore most littlelessleast farfarther/further farthest/furthest. illworseworst bad/badlyworseworstoldolder/olderoldest/eldest2原级： as形容词或副词的原形 as “和一样” ，not as / so形容词或副词的原形 as “和不一样” 。 八、人称代词变化类：要熟练掌握和运用主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词及名词性物主代词。见下面表格：单 数 复 数数类别人 称形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称 my mine our ours第二人称 your yours your yourshis hisher hers第三人称its itstheir theirs九、常见的反义词：1动词buy sell take bring remember forgetdie live love hate rise fallask answer start finish miss catchpull push go come lend borrow2形容词little much short tall / long right left / wrongfree busy full empty few manygood bad white black careful carelessdead living cheap expensive clean dirtyeasy difficult wet dry same differentopen closed strong weak light heavy初中常见词形变化表 1.actactoractressactive2.agreedisagree -disagreement3.alonelonely4.AmericaAmerican5.annoyannoyedannoying单 数 复 数 数格人称主格 宾格 主格 宾格第一人称 I me we us第二人称 you you you you第三人称he she it himherIt they they6.AustraliaAustralian7.balancebalanced8.beauty-beautiful9.brightbrightly10.build-building11.CanadaCanadian12.chinaCcateeducationeducational17.Europe- European18.exciteexcitedexciting19.fairunfair20.finalfinally21.flyflight22.followfollowing23.foreignforeigner24.fortunate- fortunately25.friend_ friendly26.polite_politely_impolite27. heavy_ heavily28.real_really29.late_latest30.careful_carefully31.close_closed32.excite_excited_erest_interested_interesting34.lose_lost35.close_closed36.agree_disagree37.noise_noisy_noisily38.sleep_sleepy39win_winner40.loud_loudly41.decide_decision42.describe-description43.die-dead-death44.differencedifferentdifferently45.donatedonation46.easyeasily47.choosechoice48.dangerdangerous49.decide-decision50.crowd-crowded 51.friendfriendship52.FranceFrench53.frustratefrustratingfrustrated54.create-creative 55.honestdishonest57.illillness59.includeincluding58.importantimportanceunimportant 56.nouncepronunciation83.quickquickly84.rainrainy85.Russia- - Russian86.safesafety87.sciencescientificscientist88.sleepsleepy89.slowslowly100.southsouthern101.specialspecially102.stomachstomachache103.strongstrongly104.succeed-success-successful105.suggestsuggestion106.tiredtiring107.toothtoothache108.tour-touristtouristy109.traditiontraditional110.translatetranslator111.truetruth112.usualunusualusually113.violinviolinist114.waitwaiterwaitress115.wakeawake116.westwestern117.withwithout118.worryworriedworrying 119.wonderwonderful中考英语词形变换练习题用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空1. Now let me _ (call) your names. They are my _ (friendly).2. Id like you _ (meet ) my parents, too. . Mike is ill. His mother feels _ (worry). 3.Some of the apples are hard _ (reach).4. I have a lot of homework _ (do). The pot is used for _ (keep) water hot.5. Do English people like _ (boat)? 6.Which is _ (far) from us, the sun or the moon? 7. The other students in the class keep their eyes _ (close).8. We live in a place _ (call) Gum Tree.9. Could you ask him _ (call) me, please?10. But there are not enough people _ (pick) the apples.11. Mike went on _ (write) his letter for two hours.11. They stopped _ (play) basketball because it began to rain.12. Our English has a way of _ (make) his class interesting.13. We can hear the girl _ (sing) in her room now.14. Its hard _ (finish) the work in half a day.15. Jim said he could make the baby _ (stop) crying.16. Bill was too tired _ (do) anything last night.17. Thanks a lot for _(ask) me to your party.18. You must help me do some _ (cook) this evening.19. This is a doctors _ (wait) room in the hospital.20. You must not take the magazines out of the _ (read) room.21. Please remember _ (take) the medicine and have a good rest.22. I didnt finish _ (read) the book last night.23. Dont forget _ (write) to us as soon as you get there.24. They spent two hours _ (clean) the house yesterday.25. She found it very difficult _ (get) to sleep.26. Its bad for your eyes _ (read) in the sun.27. At the age of ten Edison became very _ (interest) in science.28. Be quick! There is little time _ (leave).29. When I came in, I saw a purse _ (lie) on the floor.30. Please answer my questions without _ (look) at your books.根据句意，用括号内所给词语的适当形式填空：1. The people there were_ to us. (friend)2. You must look after yourself and keep _. (health)3. Mr and Mrs Green have a son _Jack. (name)4. The busier I am，the _I feel. (happy)5. More and more foreign _ are interested in the city. (visit)6. Bill was _ hurt than any other one in the accident. (badly)7. Nothing can stop me from_ there. (go)8. A friend of _ will go to England for further study. (I)9. She asked me _ something about my school. (say)10. Im very _ because the football match is very _. (excite)习题精选1. The mother didnt know why her daughter was crying . (noise)2. He was one of the best in yesterdays football match. (play)3. Guangzhou is in the part of China. (south)4. September 10th is Day. (teacher)5. Beijingers are true to the world. (friend)6. Look! How Kate is laughing! (happy)7. Its only ten walk from the station to the hotel. (minute)8. Please take care of , boys and girls. (you)9. I dont think this is my pen, though it looks like . (I)10. Mrs Read learned Chinese as her language. (two)11. Do you think July is than any other month in our country? (hot)12. Of all the students in our class, Lucy talks but does most. (little)13. Here are ten of the names. (run)14. It snowed last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)15. You shouldnt ride your bike so fast at the . (turn)16. Help to these cakes, children. (you)17. Please keep your eyes . (close)18. John is the student in our class. (old)19. Mike will have his birthday party at home tomorrow. (twelve)20. How many are there in your class? (girl)21. This sweater is Lucys and that one over there is . (my)22. Now people use computers very . (wide)23. What would you like, some or vegetables? (meat)24. the help of our teacher, we couldnt pass the exam. (with)25. We can not decide who should open the present . (one)26. We always go to the library a week. (one)27. The house next