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毕 业设 计（论 文）外 文 参 考 资 料及 译 文译文题目： Microcontroller-based Oasis Lake dam mouthfloating debris cleanup system design 基于单片机的甘泉湖坝口漂浮物清理系统的设计学生姓名： 高传辉 学 号： 1204102008专 业： 电气工程及其自动化所在学院： 机电学院指导教师： 吴敏职 称： 讲师2016 年 3月 4日2Microcontroller-basedOasis Lake dam mouth floatingdebris cleanup system designThree Gorges Reservoir since June 2003 water reservoir level increasedsignificantly,floatinginfloodseasonoutbreaksoftengatherinfrontofdamwaterintoapieceoffloatingdebris.Alotoffloatingdebrisgatheredinfrontofthedamadirectthreat to the safe operation of the Three Gorges power station, reservoir floatsshipping,water,tourism,willalsocausevaryingdegreesofimpact.ArticleswithinayeartoclearthereservoirtotensArticlesoffloatingdebris,theunitshavetoputalotof money, organize a large number of people and the rinsing of large-scale fishingvessels.Inthispaper,OasisLakeDam,forexample,byaninfrareddetectionsystemfloatstoachieveself-cleaningfloatingdebris.1. IntroductionRecently, with the development of life, environmental issues are becomingincreasinglyserious,floatingontheriveralsoabound,becausethevastsurfaceofthewater and garbage floating distribution and other issues, if artificial salvage thetime-consuming effort. Here, we Oasis Lake Dam, for example, the implementationof automatic detection processing of floating debris in the mouth dam reservoir inordertoachievethepurposeofpurification.Floatingwaterprojectshasbeentreatedas a “worldwide problem“, the Three Gorges Group has been dispatched “rinsingOne“ andalotoffloatingdebrissalvage vessel treatedwaste alot ofresources andtime.Usinginfrareddetectioncansolvethisproblem,whichcansavealotofhumanresources, exploration, processing more perfect, there will be little “slip“ whilefloatingmovement isdetected,themonitoringoperationis notless thanalsoinlinewithmodernintelligentcontrol.Thisissuerequires theuseofinfraredemissioncontrolandinfraredreceivertodetermine whether there is floating on the water, if floating debris emitted infraredemissiontubeinfraredirradiationisblockedonlessoppositetheinfraredreceiverfor3receiving the first output pin and SCM external broken links, driven by themicrocontrollerformotorsalvagefloats.Three Gorges Dam in 2010, the Three Gorges Corporation sent a large shiprinsing “Gorges drift 1“ machine and 12 barges in the dam upstream of the no-flyzonenearthedamrinsing.Amongthem,the“ThreeGorgesrinsing1“dayoffishingcapacityover1500cubicmeters,anincreaseoverthepreviousone-thirdofthemainflood season. Zigui County of the Three Gorges Dam was also based on floatingdebris cleanup contingency plans, organized more than 10 ships and more than 60teams in waters under the jurisdiction of rinsing.As ofAugust 8,Zigui Countyhasdispatched374vesselsshiptimesforrinsingwork,rinsingworkersmorethan2,000people.Theprocessoffloatingdebrissotime-consuming,sothedesignofthisprojectisnecessary,byautomaticoperationofthemotortohandlefloatingdebris,vigorouslyconserveresources.2. ThreeGorgesdamrinsingmodeltestTo explore the Three Gorges dam migration law flotsam floating debris andgovernance measures, before and after the Yangtze River Academy of Sciencescarriedoutamulti-facetedprojectimpoundinghydraulicmodeltestresearch.Thetestmodel assume the task of the local normal overall model Scale 1/100 simulate theriver before the dam prototype length of about 15 km, the river downstream of thedam about 13 km. Through a comprehensive analysis of the dam and reservoirpotential of thewater flowingriver,theThree Gorges Project onthebindingpowergeneration, shipping and environmental requirements that deal with floating debrisaway from the dam should be more conducive to the operation of the project, thedevelopment oftourismisalsobeneficial tothedam.In themodelundercontrolledconditions, the test proposed the establishment of comprehensive management polydrift region in the appropriate parts of the river upstream dam floating methods,namely: the use of the curve hydrodynamics and assist the necessary engineeringmeasurestoguidethefloatingdebristoshoreaggregation,thentaketheappropriate4measurestosalvagecentralizedprocessing.2.1Poly driftzonesettingsThreeGorgesdamabout810km,riverbend,thewaterwide,mainstreamafterbeingsingledoutontheleftbanktotherightbankbeautyDasudden,theywereontherightbankeggsubstoneridgeabout1500mdownstreamofthereversechallengetotheLeftBankandeggsubQuxistoneformedinfrontofalargerecirculationzone,duetothefloatstrajectorysubstantiallycoincideswiththemainpath,usebothsidesof the terrain as well as on the right bank Quxi recirculation zone, engineeringmeasures can be taken 1-person-poly drift region. Based on the above ideas, themodelistestedintheleftbankofbeautyDapickshoreobliquelysetatadownstreamguidefloatingrow,inpick-shoreandfloatingrowleadtobetterworktogetherattheright bank of thefloats guide Quxi recirculation zone indownstream Right bank oftheeggpickshoresonstoneobliquelydisposedupstreamofapolyfloatingrow,fullyinterceptthefloatingdebrisontherightbankoftherivercurvedbackintotheregionbetween the guide and poly floating row floating row reserved to meet therequirements of the width and navigable waterways half Trail 4, 5. Model test tosimulate the guide drift wood and poly floating row row arrangement shown inFigure.2.2experimental resultsBytrial observation,atall levels andfloatingdebris toflowamount,polydrift5region have good poly bleaching effect, adjust the guide drift row, row length andpositionpolydriftanddrifttimelysalvagepolyfloatingzone,thebasicwillfloatwasintercepted Quxi reflux zone.After the escape of a small amount of floating debriscandriftthroughthefrontrowsofholesdownthedamtour.Controlmodellengthbyvarious experimental conditions, the impact to fully simulate the complex naturalconditions on the river water flowing and floating objects is not too realistic. Testresultsonlyfromthelocalriverdamhydraulicstestingconditions,theactualsituationof how many there will be some differences, but the drift region gathered polyfloatingeffectshouldbeclear.3. Thesystemhardwaredesign3.1SCMsystemThe design chosen as the control STC89C5l chip stepper motor. STC89C51simple structure and can be implemented on the programmer flashing type ofelectrical erase more than tens of thousands of times. Ease of use, and is fullycompatible with all the features of MCS5l series microcontrollers. STC89C51 is aflicker with 4K-byte erasable programmable read-only memory (FPEROM-FAlshProgrAmmABle And ErAsABle ReAd Only Memory), low-voltage,high-performance CMOS8 bit microprocessor, commonly known as themicrocontroller. The device uses ATMEL high density non-volatile memorymanufacturing technology manufacturing, is compatible with the industry-standardMCS-51instructionsetandoutputpins.6EA/VP31X119X218RESET9P37/RD17P36WR16P32/INT012P33/INT113P34/T014P35/T115P101P112P123P134P145P156P167P178P0039P0138P0237P0336P0435P0534P0633P0732P2021P2122P2223P2324P2425P2526P2627P2728PSEN29ALE/P30P31/TXD11P30/RXD10GND20VCC40U1STC89C52MicrocontrollerpinsFigureSmallest single-chip system XTAL1 and XTAL2 are input and output of aninvertingamplifier.Theinvertingamplifiercanbeconfiguredon-chiposcillator.DanJingzhenfinishesandceramicoscillationcanbeused.Suchastheuseofanexternalclocksourcedrivethedevice,XTAL2shouldnotbeconnected.Morethantheinputtotheinternalclocksignaltoafrequencybytwotriggerpoints,sotheexternalclocksignal pulsewidthwithoutany requirements,but mustensure that the highand lowpulse width requirements. In function, MCS-51 series microcontrollers basic andenhancedtwocategories,theyaremodelsofthechiplastdigittodistinguish.Thatis,“1“asthebasictype,“2“toenhanced.3.2steppermotordrivecircuitDesigned the system in order to efficiently control the rotation of the steppingmotor, so you will need microcontroller pulse emitted into the stepping angle tocontrol the stepper motor rotates, we are here to provide a pulse signal usingULN2003steppermotor.ULN2003sevenNPNDarlingtontransistorisconnectedto7the interface device ideal for low logic level digital circuits (eg TTL, CMOS orPMOS/NMOS)andhigh-currenthigh-voltagerequirementsoflamps,relays,printerhammers and othersimilarloads between.Widelyusedincomputers, industrialandconsumer products. All devices have an open collector output and a transientsuppressionwheelingclampdiodes.ULN2003designcompatiblewithstandardTTLseries.Itpinconnectiondiagramasshown:3.3Infrared DetectionTechnologyInfraredsensortechnologydevelopedinrecentyearsoneofthefastestgrowingtechnology, infrared sensor has been widely used in many fields of aerospace,astronomy,meteorology,military,industrial andcivilian, plays an irreplaceable role.Infraredred,inessence,aformofelectromagneticradiationhavingawavelengthinthe range of approximately 0.78m 1000m within the spectrum, because it islocated outside the visible red light, and therefore was called infrared. Anytemperatureaboveabsolutezeroobjectsinthespacetotheoutsidewillbethewayofinfraredradiantenergy.Theuseofinfraredradiationtoachievetherelevantphysicalquantitymeasuringsensortechnology,namelyinfraredsensortechnology.Infraredraytubedrivelevelisdividedintotwokindsoftypeandpulsedrive.Bytheinfraredbeamtubearraysseparatetypephotoelectricsensor.Theinnovationofthesensorisabletoresistexternallightinterference.Sunlightcontainsinfraredreceiver8tube infrared interference, the light can be infrared receiver diode conduction, thesystemmisjudgment,orevencausetheentiresystemtoastandstill.Advantageofthissensor is the ability to set up multiple-point acquisition, the number of radio tubearrayandarrayspacingcanbeselectedaccordingtorequirements.Infrared technology is already well known in this technology in the field ofmodernscienceandtechnology,nationaldefensescienceandtechnology,industryandagriculture, science and technology has been widely used. Infrared is an infraredsensorsystemforthemeasurementsystemforthemedium,accordingtothefunctionscan be divided into five categories: (1) radiometer for measuring radiation andspectroscopy;(2)searchandtracksystemforinfraredsearchandtracktargets,OKitsspatialpositionanditsmovementtracking; (3)thermal imagingsystem canproduceimages of the entire distribution of infrared radiation; (4) infrared range andcommunicationsystems;(5)hybridsystem,thesystemreferstotheabovecategoriesthecombinationoftwoormorethereof.Infrared sensor detection mechanism can be divided according to become: aphoton detector (based on the photoelectric effect) and heat detectors (based onthermaleffects).4.SummaryandExperienceThroughthisdesign,Ielectricalengineeringandautomationexpertisehasbeenfurther understanding and mastery in the design process, from tangled choose whatsubjectstobegintosettheissueindeterminingtheissues,andotherteamIstudentsafter a very long discussion, determined the subject, our team members began tocollect information go to the library, Internet collection, purchased components,encounteredgreatdifficulties,butmostofthetotalcompletedsuccessfully,thiscourseisdesignedtophaseIstudyveryrareopportunityofcombiningtheorywithpractice,through this relatively complete single-chip system design, through the selection ofcomponents, the use of a variety of software, the information long-distancetransmission, anti-interference abi