外贸英语函电第十章

Part I Payment Points for attention Sentence patterns Specimen letter ExercisesUnit Ten Terms of Payment 支付货款在国际贸易中要比国内贸易中更为复杂。国际贸易最普遍使用的支付货款的方式是信用证（缩写为 L/C），它对买卖双方来说，既安全又可靠。Points for attentionBeneficiary(Seller/Exporter)Applicant(Buyer/Importer)Advising BankNegotiating bankIssuing bank(buyers bank)1.Conclusion of Contract2.Application3.Issuing LC4.Notification 5.Shipment of Goods6.Presentation8. Forwards documents and claiming reimbursement9.Payment7.Payment10.Presentation11.paymentProcedures of a L/CF1. Buyer and seller agree to conclude the contract on the payment terms by L/C.F1.买方和卖方同意通过信用证来完成交易。F2. Importer/buyer/applicant applies to his bank(issuing bank) for issuing a L/C in favor of exporter/seller/beneficiary, and provides a certain amount of deposit and formality fees. F2.进口商 /买方 /申请人向自己的银行（开证行）申请开立以出口商 /卖方为受益人的信用证，并存入一定的存款、支付相应的费用。F进口人申请开证：选择开证行，谈妥保证金比例，填写开证申请书，备妥有关文件；F3. The issuing bank sends a L/C opened to the advising bank. F3. 开证行将开立的信用证发给通知行。F4. The advising bank authenticates L/C and transfer it to the exporter.F4. 通知行审查信用证并通知出口商 /受益人。F通知行通知受益人：核验 L/C真伪，审核信用证（完整性、政策性条款、可否撤销、是否生效、索汇路线和方式、信用证责任条款、费用问题等）缮制通知面函；F5. After examining L/C, the exporter effects the shipment according to the stipulations of L/C, then exporter makes out a draft and draws up the documents in accordance with the L/C.F5. 审核信用证后，出口商根据信用证的要求装船，之后开立汇票并根据信用证准备相应的单据。F6. The exporter delivers documents as well as shipping documents to the negotiating bank within its validity. F6. 出口商向议付行提示相应的单据和货运单据。F受益人交单议付：受益人审证（与合同一致性、信用证条款的可接受性、价格条款、 “三期 ”、货物控制权等）发货，缮制单据，交单议付；F7. The negotiating bank will pay to the exporter.F7. 议付行向出口商付款。F8. If the documents are in conformity with the L/C, the negotiating bank presents the documents to issuing bank for reimbursement.F8. 在单据符合信用证要求的情况下，议付行向开证行提示单据，要求清偿。F9. The issuing bank will pay to the negotiating bank after examining the documents.F9. 开证行在审查单据后向议付行付款。F10. The issuing bank informs the applicant and asks him to make payment so as to get hold of the shipping documents. F10. 开证行通知申请人，通知其付款以便获得货运单据等。 11. The applicant makes payment to get hold of shipping document and takes delivery of the goods against documents at the port of destination. 11.申请人付款、获得货运单据等、提货 。 Types of a L/C: 按用途及是否随附单据，分为 光票信用证 和 跟单信用证 按性质分为 可撤销信用证 和 不可撤销信用证 （ irrevocable L/C) 按信用证是否有另一银行加以保证兑付，分为 保兑信用证(confirmed L/C)和 不保兑信用证 根据受益人对信用证的权利是否可转让，可分为 可转让信用证(transferable L/C)和 不可转让信用证 背对背信用证 (back to back L/C) 循环信用证 (revolving L/C) 按信用证的兑付方式，可分为 预支信用证 、 即期付款信用证 、延期付款信用证 、 承兑信用证 和 议付信用证 对开（ reciprocal L/C）信用证 和 伊士克罗（ escrow L/C)信用证背对背信用证 又称对背信用证，是指一张信用证的受益人以这张信用证为保证，要求该证的通知行或其他银行在该证的基础上，开立一张以本地或第三国的实际供货人为受益人的新证，这张新证就是背对背信用证，它是一种从属性质的信用证。循环信用证 (revolving credit)是指信用证的全部或部分金额被使用以后仍可恢复到原金额，继续被使用的信用证。循环信用证主要适用于大宗商品交易。根据每期信用证余额处理方式的不同，又可分为按时间循环的信用证和按金额循环的信用证两种Procedures for issuing an L/C开证申请人（进口商）applicant（ importer/buyer）受益人（出口商）beneficiary(seller/exporter)开证行the issuing bank4将信用证通知受益人3 寄信用证2申请开证1 销货合同通知行the advising bank1 买方和卖方缔结一项销货合同，规定按跟单信用证付款。2 买方提示其银行即 “开证 ”行，开出以卖方（受益人）为抬头的信用证3 开证行请另一家银行，通常是在卖方国内的银行，去通知，或者请其在跟单信用证上也加注保兑字样。4 通知行或保兑行通知卖方信用证已开出。从以上步骤可以看出，银行的作用很重要。 P163 QII method international letter ideal for trade gives starts issue(open,establish) amount and instructions transaction sends correspondent On correspondent credit usual(normal) confirm undertakes due forth(out) with knowing money secure behalf carried out 1. Choice of Terms of Payment 1)payment by L/C用信用证付款 We adopt payment by L/C. 我们采用信用证付款方式。 2)Under (on)terms 按 方式 We regret that we are unable to consider your request for payment under D/A terms. 对你方要求以承兑交单方式付款一事，我们歉难考虑。 We wish you could supply us in future on 60 days D/A terms. 我们希望你方能按 60天期承兑交单方式向我方供货。Sentence Patterns 3)onbasis 按 方式 We are prepared to accept payment for your trial order on D/P basis. 对你方这批试订购的货物，我们准备接受付款交单方式付款。 4)to make an exception (or: as an exceptional case)破例 In view of our long business relation, we will make an exception to our rules and accept L/C at 30 days (after) sight. As an exceptional case, we accept payment for your initial order on D/A basis. 5)as a special accommodation作为特殊照顾 As a special accommodation, we agree to your proposal and accept payment by D/P at sight, but this should not be regarded as a precedent. 作为特殊照顾，我们同意你方建议接受即期付款交单，但是这不应视为先例。 In order to pave the way for your pushing the sale for our products in your market, we agree to payment for this transaction under D/A terms. 6)to be applicable 可适用的 D/P is applicable only if the amount involved for each transaction is less than $1,000. D/A payment is not applicable to your case. 7)to remitby 以 方式汇款 In order to save a lot of expenses on opening the letter of credit, we will remit you the full amount by T/T when the goods purchased by us are ready for shipment and the freight space is booked. P153 Letter-1（ incoming） P154 Letter-2（ outgoing）Specimen letterSullivan&Son(applicant)China National Import & Export Corp.(beneficiary)General Commercial Bank of Venezuela(the issuing bank)将信用证通知受益人申请开证Letter 1Letter 2Draft(P155)L/C(P156)Correspondent of General Commercial Bank of Venezuela(the advising bank)寄信用证保兑信用证F A confirmation of an irrevocable documentary credit by a bank (the confirming bank) upon the authorization or request of the issuing bank constitutes a definite undertaking of the confirming bank, in addition to that of the issuing bank, provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the confirming bank or to any other nominated