2015年杭州职称英语实战训练(3)

2015 年职称英语实战训练 词汇选项: 训练一： 1、The storm caused severe damage. Aphysical Baccidental Cserious Denvironmental 2、Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early Aselected Boperated Cdeveloped Ddiscovered 3、The story was published with the sole purpose of selling newspapers Areal Bmain Conly Dpractical 4、A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy Agathered Bwatched Cshouted Dwalked 5、He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia Agradual Bregular Cdirest Doccasional 6、On the table was a vase filled with artificial flowers Awild Bfresh Clovely Dfalse 7、We had trouble finding a pure water supply Atypical Bcomplete Cclean Dclear 8、 “What do you mean by that”Paul asked sharply Acritically Bhelplessly Cpolitely Dquickly 9、She only needs a minute amount of money Acertain Bfair Cfull Dsmall 10、Keep your passport in a secure place Aspecial Bgood Csafe Ddifferent 11、He inspired many young people to take up the sport Aencouraged Ballowed Ccalled Dadvised 12、Did she accept his research proposal? Ainvitation Bplan Coffer Dview 13、The city centre was wiped out by the bomb Acovered Bdestroyed Creduced Dmoved 14、Id like to withdraw 500 from my current account Aleave Bpay Cput Ddraw 15、The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious Ahate Bneed Clove Dpity 训练二： 1. All the flats in the building had the same layout. A. size B. function C. color D. arrangement 2. The storm caused severe damage. A. physical B. accidental C. serious D. environmental 3. The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks. A. big B. empty C. long D. new 4. Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded. A. offer B. provide C. modernize D. fund 5. Do we have to wear these name tags? A. lists B. forms C. labels D. codes 6. Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted ”Joe,Joe,Joe” A. repeated B. jumped C. maintained D. approached 7. He inspired many young people to take up sports. A. encouraged B. allowed C. called D. advised 8. The city center was wiped out by the bomb. A. covered B. reduced C. destroyed D. moved 9. Most babies can take in a wide range of food easily. A. bring B. digest C. keep D. serve 10. A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy. A. watched B. shouted C. gathered D. walked 11. The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away. A. fresh B. hot C. heavy D. windy 12. What puzzles me is why his books are so popular. A. shocks B. influences C. confuses D. concerns 13. I think $7 a drink is a bit steep, dont you? A. tight B. low C. cheap D. high 14. The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious. A. need B. hate C. love D. pity 15. Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. A. slightly B. partly C. faintly D. completely 阅读判断： 第 1 篇 Across the Deserts The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. It stretches across Africa from Senegal 塞内加尔 to Egypt. The Sahara Desert is an unfriendly environment. (1)During the day its very hot, and at night its sometimes very cold. It is also difficult to find water in the Sahara. In 2006, Kevin Lin, Ray Zahab, and Charlie Engle decided to do something very difficult. They made the decision to run across the Sahara Desert 4,300 miles (6,920km). It seemed impossible to do, but they wanted to try. The three men liked to test themselves, and this would be a very big test. On the morning of November 2, Kevin, Ray, and Charlie started their trip across the Sahara. (2)(3)Every morning they began running at 5:00. At 11 a.m. they stopped and rested until 5 p.m. Then they ran again until 9:30 in the evening. Each day they ran about 40 miles (64 km). Every day it was the same thing. They got up and ran. They listened to music on their iPods, and they ran and ran. Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed to eat a lot of food during their trip. Most people need about 2,000 calories of food each day. Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed between 6,000 and 9,000 calories every day. Thats a lot of food! They also needed to drink a lot of water. The three men had some problems on their trip, and many times they wanted to quit and go home. (4)It was often very hot (140F/60C) during the day, and the heat made them sick. Their legs and feet hurt. (5)Sometimes it was very windy, and they couldnt see. (6)One time they got lost. But they didnt quit. After 111 days, Kevin, Ray; and Charlie successfully finished their trip across the Sahara Desert. They hugged each other and put their hands in the water of the Red Sea. Then they ran to a hotel to take a long shower. 练习： 1. Its not always hot in the Sahara Desert. A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned 2. Each day the men ran for approximately eight hours. A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned 3. In the middle of the day: the men usually stopped running. A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned 3 4. They sometimes felt sick because it was so hot. A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned 5. Sometimes they couldnt see the road because it was windy. A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned 6. Luckily, they never got lost. A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned 7. On their trip across the desert: the three men ran through five countries. A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned +第 2 篇 Inquest told of hospital error 尸检揭示医疗事故 （6）A HOSPITAL error left a dying man for two days as deep vein thrombosis (DVT)深静脉血栓 ravaged his body, an inquest 验尸 heard 得知 . Stephen Melvin Newbold suffered massive brain damage when a blood clot formed in his veins. Now his families are considering legal action against York Hospital, saying that his death was “untimely 过早的 and unnecessary”. （1）Mr Newbold, a 52-year-old maintenance worker 维修工 , went to York Hospital on November 3 complaining of a swollen 肿胀的 right foot. He should have been sent to a surgical ward where he would have been treated with1 Fragmin, a drug which counters 对抗 the effects of DVT 深静脉血栓 . （2)（3） However, hospital staff wrongly admitted him to2 an orthopedic 整形手术 ward, where he stayed for two days, before finally being transferred to the care of a consultant 会诊的 vascular 心血管 surgeon. Twenty- four hours later, on November 6, doctors decided they would have to operate to remove his leg below the knee. （4）The operation went ahead on November 10, but two days later Mr Newbold suffered a cardiac arrest 心脏停搏 . A scan revealed he had had a pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞 , a condition related to DVT. （5）Mr Newbold suffered brain damage and died in the hospital on November 16. Giving evidence, the surgeon said he could not explain why Mr Newbold had been admitted to an orthopedic ward where it was not policy 权力 to administer 给予 Fragmin. He did not know why his medical team had not given Mr Newbold the drug later. York coroner 验尸官 Donald Coverdale said, “From November 3 until the day of the operation, no Fragmin was given to Mr Newbold. If he had been admitted to a consultant 会诊的 vascular surgeons care from day one, it is clear that Fragmin would have been prescribed. Fragmin reduces the risk of DVT 深静脉 血栓 , but does not eliminate it. It is impossible to say whether Mr Newbold would have suffered this DVT if he had received the Fragmin.” He recorded a verdict 裁决 of death by misadventure 不幸引起死亡 . Kim Daniells, Mr Newbolds familys lawyer, said, “The family hope that the hospital will learn from the errors, and that no other families will have to suffer in the future.” A spokeswoman for York Hospitals NHS 国民健康服务 Trust said, “We would like to extend 表达 our sincere 深切 sympathies to the family of Stephen Newbold during this difficult time.” 练习： 1The patient was admitted 移送 with an injured foot. A Right B Wrong C Not Mentioned 2The patient was admitted to the surgical ward. A Right B Wrong C Not Mentioned 3The patient did not get the correct medication. A Right B Wrong C Not Mentioned 4The patient died before he could be operated on. A Right B Wrong C Not Mentioned 5The patient died of brain damage. A Right B Wrong C Not Mentioned 6It was decided that the patients death had been an accident. A Right B Wrong C Not Mentioned 7Mr Newbolds familys lawyer was not qualified. A Right B Wrong C Not Mentioned 第 3 篇 Plants and Mankind Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge.We dont know what our Stone Age1 ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient2.This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing,weapons,tools,dyes3,medicines,shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon4 recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge” at all. Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become， the farther away we move from direct contact with plants,and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge5,and few people will fail to recognize a rose,an apple, or an orchid6.When our Neolithic7ancestors,living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture：cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away8. 1. It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 2. People cannot survive without plants. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 3. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 4. Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 5. Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 6. People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 7. Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 5 概括大意与完成句子： 第 1 篇 Heartbeat of America 1 New Yorkthe Statue of Liberty，the skyscrapers，the beautiful shops on Fifth Avenue and the many theaters on Broadway.This is Americas cultural capital. It is also her biggest city, with a population of nearly 8 million. In the summer it is hot，hot，hot and in the winter it Can be very cold. Still there are hundreds of things to do and see all the year round. 2 Manhattan is the real center of the city. When people say “New York City,” they usually mean Manhattan. Most of the interesting shops, buildings and museums are here. In addition, Manhattan is the scene of New Yorks busy night life. In 1605 the first Europeans came to Manhattan from Holland. They bought the island from the Native Americans for a few glass necklaces worth about$26 today. 3 Wall Street in Manhattan is the financial heart of the USA. It is also the most important banking center in the world. It is a street of skyscrapers.” These are those incredible，high buildings，which Americans invented，and built faster and higher than anyone else. Perhaps the two most spectacular skyscrapers in New York are the two towers of the New York World Trade Center. When the sun sets, their 110 floors shine like pure gold. 4 Like every big city, New York has its own traffic system. Traffic jams can be terrible. Its usually quickest to go by subway. The New York subway is easy to use and quite cheap. The subway goes to almost every comer of Manhattan. But it is not safe to take the subway late at night because in some places you could get robbed. New York buses are also easy to use. You see more if you go by bus. There are more than 30，000 taxis in New York. They are easy to see. because they are bright yellow and carry large TAXI signs. Taxis do not go outside the city. However, they will go to the airports. In addition to the taxi fare. People give the taxi driver a tip of 15 percent of the fares value. 5 Central Park is a beautiful green oasis in the middle of New Yorks concrete desert. It is surprisingly big. with lakes and woods，as well as organized recreation areas. New Yorkers love Central Park，and they use it all the time. In the winter, they go iceskating，and in the summer rollerskating. They play ball，ride horses and have picnics. They go bicycling and boating. There is even a childrens Zoo with wild birds and animals. 6 Along the east side of Central Park runs Fifth Avenue. once called “Millionaires Row.” In the 19th century, the richest men in America built their magnificent homes here. It is still the most fashionable street in the city, with famous department stores. 7 Broadway is the street where you will find New Yorks best-known theaters. But away from the bright lights and elegant clothes of Broadway are many smaller theaters. Their plays are called “off-Broad way” and are often more unusual than the Broadway shows. As well as many theaters，New York has a famous opera house. This is the Metropolitan，where international stars sing from September until April. Carnegie Hall is the citys more popular concert hall. But night life in New York offers more than classical music and theater. There are hundreds of nightclubs where people go to eat and dance. 1. Paragraph 3 2. Paragraph 4 3. Paragraph 5 4. Paragraph 6 A The Financial Center of USA B The Night Life in New York C The Traffic Facilities of New York D Shopping Center for the Rich E New York An International City F Central ParkA Place of Recreation for the New Yorkers 5. The island of Manhattan was bought by the Hollanders from the native Americans 6. Central Park is a good place where the New Yorkers can go and 7. Fifth Avenue is the place 8. For those play-lovers who are interested in what is unusual，the small theaters might be more attractive 第 2 篇 Compact Disks 1. If someone says to you your music CDs dont really hold any music on them，and they only have numbers recorded on them， you may not believe it. In fact，he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers a digital code.1The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps on a long spiral track almost five kilometers long. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns wide. 2. A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back. This lets the CD player 2turn the reflected light back into the original code. This means you can hear the original code as music. 3. Digital codes are used with many technologies. E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems. Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios also tune in to specific signals using these codes. 4. There are many types of compact disks. One format is called CD-RWs. They can be recorded on and re-recorded on (rewritten on) as you would do with a floppy disk.Another format is the CD-ROM. The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spots are the digital code.CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc Read Only Memory.4This disk is like a “super” floppy disk that can hold lots of information. One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information is permanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs. 5. CDs were first sold to the public in 1982.These CDs still play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expected to last between 70 to 200 years. Of course，you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them. 6.Science keeps on developing. It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented and introduced to the public for music recording. In the meantime，there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs6 and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs. 练习： 1.Paragraphs 1 2 A Digital Code Has Wide Applications B Floppy Disks Are Outdated C CDs Are Durable D CDs Working Principle Is Explained E CD-RWs Play Better Than CD-ROMs F CDs Are of Many Formats A do whatever they like for relaxation B where you Can play a11 kinds of ball games C than the world famous Broadway D enjoy the colorful night life of the city E where the wealthy people would go shopping F for what seems to be a very small sum today 7 2.Paragraph 3 3.Paragraph 4 4.Paragraph 5 5.One advantage of CD-RWs is that they can_ like floppy disks. 6.The author predicts it will not_ before a new technology is invented for music recording. 7.The laser beam-emitting device and the receiver are considered to _ of a CD player. 8.Space probes could not _ without using digital codes. 补全短文 第 1 篇 A Record-Breaking Rover理 C 破纪录的漫游车 NASAs Mars rover 漫游者 Opportunity has boldly gone where （no rover has