全国各地2013年高考英语 阅读解析分类汇编

阅读理解 （北京） A EP Portable Heater We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP Portable Heater. With over one million satisfied customers around the world, the new EP heats better and faster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent. The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets. The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room. With other heaters, youll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen. The advanced EP also heats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room. The EP comes with a 3-year warranty(保修) and a 60-day. no questions asked. Satisfaction guarantee. If you are not totally satisfied, return it to our expertise and your money will be given back to you. Now, we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. if you order that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price. Take action right now! 56. What is mainly discussed in paragraph 2? A. the heat of the EP B. the safety of the EP C. the appearance of the EP D. the material of the EP 57. From the passage, we can learn that the EP_. A. doesnt burn up oxygen B. runs without any noise C. makes people get sleepy D. is unsuitable for children and pets 58. The underlined word “evenly” in paragraph 4 probably means_. A. continuously B. separately C. quickly D. equally 59. The main purpose of the passage is to_ . A. persuade people to buy the product B. advise people to save on heating bills C. report the new development of portable heaters D. compare the difference of different heart brands 2 B TaIL Spin Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin Grace, shown off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that shes even swimming at all. She doesnt have a tail. Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it - but her tail didnt. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle. Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way-like a fish! She pushed herself forward through the water by moving her peduncles from side to side. The movement put harmful pressure on Graces backbone. So a company offered to create a man-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldnt hurt her. The first time Grace wore the artificial tail. She soon shook it off and let it sink in the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The tail isnt necessary for her to feel comfortable,” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉).” Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focus on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage. 60. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her_. A. physical build B. potential ability C. chance of survival D. adaptation to the surroundings. 61. A man-made tail is created for Grace to_. A. let her recover faster B. make her comfortable C. adjust her way of swimming D. help her perform better tricks 3 62. The story of Grace inspires people to_. A. stick to their dreams B. treat animals friendly C. treasure what they have D. face difficulties bravely C Does Fame Drive You Crazy? Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, todays star, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature. According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities famous people worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.” The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B.C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film- stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do. Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever. If fame is so troublesome, why arent all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place. Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already. 63. It can be learned from the passage that stars today_. A. are often misunderstood by the public B. can no longer have their privacy protected 4 C. spend too much on their public appearance D. care little about how they have come into fame 64. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired. B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history. C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids. D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers. 65. What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today? A. Availability of modern media. B. Inadequate social recognition. C. Lack of favorable chances. D. Huge population of fans. 66. What is the authors attitude toward modern celebrity? A. Sincere. B. Sceptical. C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic. D Multitasking People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and cant focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah. Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking (寻求刺激) or imperative (冲动) they were. They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters. Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted. “People multitask not because its going to lead to greater productivity, but because theyre distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.” Sanbonmatsu said. Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it 5 couldnt find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether peoples recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking. The findings do suggest, however, why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though theyre dangerous.” 67. The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask_. A. seek high productivity constantly B. prefer handling different things when getting bored C. are more focused when doing many things at a time D. have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time 68. When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they_. A. assessed the multitasking ability of the students B. evaluated the academic achievements of the students C. analyzed the effects of the participants tricky mental tasks D. measured the changes of the students understanding ability 69. According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their_. A. limited power in calculation B. interests in doing things differently C. inability to concentrate on one task D. impulsive desire to try new things 70. From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually_. A. drive very skillfully B. go in for different tasks C. fail to react quickly to potential dangers D. refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior 答案解析 A 篇 56【答案】：B 【解析】：为第二段主旨题。通过第二段第二句话可知所讨论话题为安全问题，故选 B。 57【答案】：A 【解析】：此题为细节题。考生需要定位选项当中的关键词，再与文中原句进行比较。A 选项可通 过 Oxygen一词直接定位到文中第三段首句，即为正确答案。B 选项为无中生有的选项，全文无对 应。C 定位 sleepy 一词，在第三段第二句话，D 定位 children and pet 在第二段第二句话，均 与文章意思相悖，故选 A。 58【答案】：D 【解析】：此题为词汇题。画线句为此段首句，后面的句子均在解释加热器的特点，由后文中的 “wall to wall”和“floor to ceiling”，以及直接介绍其他加热器的区别的信息，可知 evenly 译为均匀的，故选 D。 59【答案】：A 6 【解析】：此题为主旨题。文章最后一句给出了明确的指示。 B篇 60【答案】：C 【解析】：此题为细节题，考生需要直接定位到文章的具体情节。第二段当中的“Is she going to make it” 应当译为“她能不能撑得住” ， “她能不能活的下来” ，故答案选 C 61【答案】：C 【解析】：此题为细节题，考生需要直接定位到文章的具体细节。第四段整段是对于给 Grace安 装尾巴的介绍。此题易混淆选项为 B。不选 B的原因是，安装尾巴的初衷并非是想让 Grace舒服。 安装尾巴的原因是因为没有了尾巴的 Grace在游泳当中出现了困难，所以要安个尾巴去解决这个 问题，使它变舒服只不过是附带的一个结果，故 B不对。 62【答案】：D 【解析】：此题为主旨题。记叙文主旨绝大多数出现在文章最后，本文也不例外。最后一句中的 courage是本题的题眼。作者在最后告诉读者本文写作目的，即鼓励人们在逆境中要勇敢要有勇气， 故答案为 D。 C篇 63【答案】：B 【解析】：此题为细节题。从文章首段重点“paparazzi”等词可以看出本文是一篇以明星隐私不 能得到良好保护为主题的文章。本题中 ACD三个选项都与这个大方向偏离甚远故不能选。 64【答案】：B 【解析】：此题为主旨题。第三自然段的首句直接给出明确答案，此句译作跟踪明星的现象由来 已久，故答案选 B。 65【答案】：A 【解析】：此题为细节题。做此题有两种可行方法。第一，由文章主旨可知，本文是关于明星和 媒体关系的文章，准确讲是媒体对于明星生活的影响。故本题答案应与媒体产生关系，否则此题 答案所在的段落便会跑题故选 A。第二，相对传统的做法。通过四段首句可知答案在这一段当中出 现，第二句的 photographer的出现是 A选项的直接对应。 66【答案】：D 【解析】：此题为作者态度题。文章最开始和最后都有体现。最开始作者谈到狗仔队对于明星生 活的影响，最后谈到明星们的种种无奈，故答案选 D。 D篇 67【答案】：D 【解析】：此题为细节题。本题是一道典型调查研究类文章考察实验结果的题目。D 选项为一段尾 句的同义改写，故正确。 68【答案】：A 【解析】：此题为细节题。本题考查的是实验目的。考生可瞬间排除 BCD两个选项因为他们和实 验目的，multitask 的能力毫无关系。调查研究类文章一切实验均会围绕实验假设展开，与之无关 的选项可直接排除。 69【答案】：C 【解析】：此题为细节题，考查实验结果。本题和 67题考查思路一样，答案 C选项和第一题中的 D也有相似之处。准确出处在文章第四段，故选 C。 70【答案】：C 【解析】：此题为细节题，考查实验结果。最后一段当中的“people who are multitasking are 7 generally less sensitive to riskysituation” 为正确答案出处，故选 C。 阅读理解(全国卷大纲版) A Doctor are known to be terrible pilots. They dont listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didnt realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather. I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions. I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot - and my boss - so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now!“ That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and Ive used it in the operating room ever since. CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesnt overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when Im in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes theyre not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them , someday someone will keep me from ”landing gear up”. 56.What dose the author say about doctors in general? A. They like flying by themselves. B. They are unwilling to take advice. 8 C. They pretend to be good pilots. D. They are quick learners of CRM. 57.The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when_. A. he saved the plane by speaking up B. he was in charge of a flying task C. his boss landed the plane too late D. his boss operated on a patient 58. In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means _. A. following flying requirements. B. overreacting to different opinions. C. listening to what fellow doctors say D. making a mistake that may cost lives 59. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.CRM:A New Way to Make Flying Safe B.Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor C.The Making of a Good Pilot D.A Pilot-Tumed Doctor B In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War. At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947,in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years. Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh. 9 Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And years early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big. A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold. 60. Point was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning? A. To bring Europe together again. B. To honor heroes of World War 11. C. To introduce young theatre groups. D. To attract great artists from Europe. 61. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947? A. They owned a public house there. B. They came to take up a challenge. C. They thought they were also famous. D. They wanted to take part in the festival. 62. Who joined the “Fringe“ after it appeared? A. they owned a public house there B. University students. C. rusts from around the world. D. Performers of music and dance. 63. We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival. A. has become a non-official event B. has gone beyond an art festival C. gives shows all year round D. keeps growing rapidly 10 C Given that many peoples moods (情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine. Looking like a setting from the film Charlie the old way of life goes. The one-time farmer is now the servant of some multi-national organization; he is no longer his own master. Once it was his back that bore the pain ; now it is his smile that is exploited. No doubt he wonders whether he wasnt happier in his village working his own land. Thankfully, the tourist industry is waking up to the responsibilities it has towards those countries that receive its customers. The protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go hand in hand with tourist development and in fact obtain financial support form tourist companies. At the same time, tourists are being encouraged to respect not only the countryside they v