关于一些matlab用法和器件名称的中英文翻译

MATLAB - The Language Of Technical Computing MATLAB is a high-level language and interactive environment that enables you to perform computationally intensive tasks faster than with traditional programming languages such as C, C+, and Fortran. You can use MATLAB in a wide range of applications, including signal and image processing, communications, control design, test and measurement, financial modeling and analysis, and computational biology. Add-on toolboxes (collections of special-purpose MATLAB functions, available separately) extend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of problems in these application areas. MATLAB provides a number of features for documenting and sharing your work. You can integrate your MATLAB code with other languages and applications, and distribute your MATLAB algorithms and applications. MATLAB has key featuers as follows:（1）High-level language for technical computing （2）Development environment for managing code, files, and data（3） Interactive tools for iterative exploration, design, and problem solving 4） Mathematical functions for linear algebra, statistics, Fourier analysis, filtering, optimization, and numerical integration （5）2-D and 3-D graphics functions for visualizing data （6）Tools for building custom graphical user interfaces （7） Functions for integrating MATLAB based algorithms with external applications and languages, such as C, C+, Fortran, Java, COM, and Microsoft Excel The MATLAB language supports the vector and matrix operations that are fundamental to engineering and scientific problems. It enables fast development and execution. With the MATLAB language, you can program and develop algorithms faster than with traditional languages because you do not need to perform low-level administrative tasks, such as declaring variables, specifying data types, and allocating memory. In many cases, MATLAB eliminates the need for for loops. As a result, one line of MATLAB code can often replace several lines of C or C+ code. At the same time, MATLAB provides all the features of a traditional programming language, including arithmetic operators, flow control, data structures, data types, object-oriented programming (OOP), and debugging features. MATLAB lets you execute commands or groups of commands one at a time, without compiling and linking, enabling you to quickly iterate to the optimal solution. For fast execution of heavy matrix and vector computations, MATLAB uses processor-optimized libraries. For general-purpose scalar computations, MATLAB generates machine-code instructions using its JIT (Just-In-Time) compilation technology. This technology, which is available on most platforms, provides execution speeds that rival those of traditional programming languages. MATLAB includes development tools that help you implement your algorithm efficiently. These include the following: MATLAB Editor - Provides standard editing and debugging features, such as setting breakpoints and single stepping. M-Lint Code Checker - Analyzes your code and recommends changes to improve its performance and maintainability. MATLAB Profiler - Records the time spent executing each line of code. Directory Reports - Scan all the files in a directory and report on code efficiency, file differences, file dependencies, and code coverage。 You can use the interactive tool GUIDE (Graphical User Interface Development Environment) to lay out, design, and edit user interfaces. GUIDE lets you include list boxes, pull-down menus, push buttons, radio buttons, and sliders, as well as MATLAB plots and ActiveX controls. Alternatively, you can create GUIs programmatically using MATLAB functions. MATLAB supports the entire data analysis process, from acquiring data from external devices and databases, through preprocessing, visualization, and numerical analysis, to producing presentation-quality output. The MATLAB product provides interactive tools and command-line functions for data analysis operations, including: (1)Interpolating and decimating (2)Extracting sections of data, scaling, and averaging (3)Thresholding and smoothing (4)Correlation, Fourier analysis, and filtering (5)1-D peak, valley, and zero finding (6)Basic statistics and curve fitting (7)Matrix analysis MATLAB is an efficient platform for accessing data from files, other applications, databases, and external devices. You can read data from popular file formats, such as Microsoft Excel; ASCII text or binary files; image, sound, and video files; and scientific files, such as HDF and HDF5. Low-level binary file I/O functions let you work with data files in any format. Additional functions let you read data from Web pages and XML. You can call other applications and languages, such as C, C+, COM objects, DLLs, Java, Fortran, and Microsoft Excel, and access FTP sites and Web services. Using the Database Toolbox, you can also access data from ODBC/JDBC-compliant databases. You can acquire data from hardware devices, such as your computers serial port or sound card. Using the Data Acquisition Toolbox , you can stream live, measured data directly into MATLAB for analysis and visualization. The Instrument Control Toolbox (available separately) enables communication with GPIB and VXI hardware. All the graphics features that are required to visualize engineering and scientific data are available in MATLAB. These include 2-D and 3-D plotting functions, 3-D volume visualization functions, tools for interactively creating plots, and the ability to export results to all popular graphics formats. You can customize plots by adding multiple axes; changing line colors and markers; adding annotation, LaTEX equations, and legends; and drawing shapes.You can visualize vectors of data with 2-D plotting functions that create: (1)Line, area, bar, and pie charts (2)Direction and velocity plots (3)Histograms (4)Polygons and surfaces (5)Scatter/bubble plots (6)Animations The MATLAB product provides functions for visualizing 2-D matrices, 3-D scalar, and 3-D vector data. You can use these functions to visualize and understand large, often complex, multidimensional data. You can specify plot characteristics, such as camera viewing angle, perspective, lighting effect, light source locations, and transparency. 3-D plotting functions include: Surface, contour, and mesh, Image plots ， Cone, slice, stream, and isosurface. MATLAB provides interactive tools for designing and modifying graphics. From a MATLAB figure window, you can perform the following tasks: (1)Drag and drop new data sets onto the figure (2)Change the properties of any object on the figure (3)Zoom, rotate, pan, and change camera angle and lighting (4)Add annotations and data tips (5)Draw shapes (6)Generate a function that can be reused with different data MATLAB lets you read and write common graphical and data file formats, such as GIF, JPEG, BMP, EPS, TIFF, PNG, HDF, AVI, and PCX. As a result, you can export MATLAB plots to other applications, such as Microsoft Word and Microsoft PowerPoint, or to desktop publishing software. Before exporting, you can create and apply style templates, covering characteristics such as layout, font, and line thickness, to meet publication specifications. MATLAB contains mathematical, statistical, and engineering functions to support all common engineering and science operations. These functions, developed by experts in mathematics, are the foundation of the MATLAB language. The core math functions use the LAPACK and BLAS linear algebra subroutine libraries and the FFTW Discrete Fourier Transform library. Because these processor-dependent libraries are optimized to the different platforms that MATLAB supports, they execute faster than the equivalent C or C+ code. MATLAB provides the following types of functions for performing mathematical operations and analyzing data: (1)Matrix manipulation and linear algebra (2)Polynomials and interpolation (3)Fourier analysis and filtering (4)Data analysis and statistics (5)Optimization and numerical integration (6)Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) (7)Partial differential equations (PDEs) (8)Sparse matrix operations MATLAB can perform arithmetic on a wide range of data types, including doubles, singles, and integers. Add-on toolboxes (available separately) provide specialized mathematical computing functions for areas including signal processing, optimization, statistics, symbolic math, partial differential equation solving, and curve fitting. MATLAB provides a number of features for documenting and sharing your work. You can integrate your MATLAB code with other languages and applications and deploy your MATLAB algorithms and applications as stand-alone programs or software modules. The MATLAB product lets you export your results as plots or as complete reports. You can export plots to all popular graphics file formats and then import the plots into other packages, such as Microsoft Word or Microsoft PowerPoint. Using the MATLAB Editor, you can automatically publish your MATLAB code in HTML, Word, LaTEX, and other formats. MATLAB provides functions for integrating C and C+ code, Fortran code, COM objects, and Java code with your applications. You can call DLLs, Java classes, and ActiveX controls. Using the MATLAB engine library, you can also call MATLAB from C, C+, or Fortran code. You can create your algorithm in MATLAB and distribute it to other MATLAB users directly as MATLAB code. Using the MATLAB Compiler (available separately), you can deploy your algorithm, as a stand-alone application or as a software module that you include in your project, to users who do not have MATLAB. Additional products let you convert your algorithm into a software module that is callable from COM or Microsoft Excel. Introduction to Simulink blocks library In system dynamic simulation, you should draw the simulation system block diagram,and determine the parameters needed by the simulation. Simulink The module library contains the most commonly used to establish a system block diagram of the module, commonly used modules are briefly described below. 1、continuous （1） Derivative （2） Integrator （3） State-Space （4） Transfer-Fcn （5） Transport Delay （6） Variable Transport Delay （7） Zero-Ploe 2、Discontinuous （1） Backlash （2） Coulomb添加注释，LaTEX 等式，长度，绘制形状。通过创建数据 的载体实现2-D 绘图功能： （1）线，面，条和饼图 （2）方向和速度图 （3）直方图 （4）多边形和曲面 （5）分散/气泡图 （6）动画 MATLAB 产品提供的2-D 矩阵，标量的3-D，3-D 向量数据可视化功能。这些功能 可以实现理解困难大，复杂的，多维数据可视化效果。你可以指定情节的特点， 如相机视角，角度，灯光效果，光源位置和透明度。3-D 绘图功能包括：表面 轮廓，并网，影像图，锥，切片，流，等值面。 MATLAB 是提供设计和修改图形的交互式工具。从 MATLAB 的数字窗口，您可以 执行以下任务： （1）拖放到新的数据集数字 （2）更改任何对象的属性图 （3）缩放，旋转，平移，改变相机角度和照明 （4）添加批注和数据提示 （5）绘制形状 （6）生成功能，可以用不同的数据重用 MATLAB 支持读，写常见的图形和数据文件格式，如 GIF，JPEG BMP，EPS,TIFF，PNG,HDF,AVI 和 PCX。因此，MATLAB 图相比较其他应用程序， 可以导出，如 Microsoft Word 和 Microsoft PowerPoint，或桌面出版软件。 可以创建和应用样式模板，覆盖的特点，如布局，字体，线条粗细，满足出版 物的规格。 MATLAB 包括数学，统计和支持所有常见的工程和科学操作的工程的功能。 。这 些功能，随着专家基于 MATLAB 语言基础上的数学领域的研究。数学函数核心功 能是使用 LAPACK 和 BLAS 的线性代数子程序库和 FFTW 的离散傅立叶变换库。由 于这些处理器的数据库库和优化了 MATLAB 支持不同的平台，所以它们的执行速 度比同等 C 或 c + + 代码。 .MATLAB 提供以下类型的功能进行数学运算和数据分析： （1）矩阵操作和线性代数 （2）多项式和插值 （3）傅立叶分析和筛选 （4）数据分析和统计 （5）优化和数值积分 （6）常微分方程（ODEs） （7）偏微分方程（PDE） （8）稀疏矩阵运算 MATLAB 可以进行算术运算的数据类型的范围很广，包括双打，单打，和整数。 增加工具箱（单独提供）提供专门的数学计算功能，包括信号处理，优化，统 计，符号数学，偏微分方程求解和曲线拟合等领域。 MATLAB 提供了许多功能，用于记录和分享工作。可以整合 MATLAB 代码用其他 语言和应用程序来布置 MATLAB 算法和应用，作为独立的程序或软件模块。 MATLAB 产品以图形或完整的报告导出结果。可以导出所有流行的图形文件格式， 然后导入到其他的软件包，如 Microsoft Word 或 Microsoft PowerPoint。使 用 MATLAB 编辑器，可以自动打印 HTML，Word，LaTEX 和其他格式的 MATLAB 代 码。 MATLAB 提供整合功能的 C 和 C + +代码，Fortran 代码，COM 对象，和应用程序 的 Java 代码。可以调用 DLLs，Java 类和 ActiveX 控件。使用 MATLAB 引擎库， 也可以从 C 中调用 MATLAB 的 C + +或 Fortran 代码。 可以在 MATLAB 中创建你的算法，和将 MATLAB 代码直接分发到其他 MATLAB 用户。 使用 MATLAB 编译器（单独提供） ，可以部署你的算法，作为一个独立的应用程 序或一个软件模块包括在您的项目中没有 MATLAB 的用户。另外，产品，可以 从 COM 或 Microsoft Excel 中调用你的算法转换成一个软件模块。 Simulink 模块库简介 在进行系统动态仿真之前，应绘制仿真系统框图，并确定仿真所需要的参数。 Simulink 模块库包含有大部分常用的建立系统框图的模块，下面简要介绍常用 模块。 1、连续模块 （1）输入信号微分； （2）输入信号积分； （3）状态空间系统模型 （4）传递函数模型 （5）输入信号延时一个固定时间再输出 （6）输入信号延时一个可变时间再输出 （7）零极点模型 2、非连续模块 （1） 间隙非线性 （2） 库仑和粘度摩擦非线性 （3） 死区非线性 （4） 动态死区非线性 （5） 冲击非线性 （6） 量化非线性 （7） 静态限制信号的变化速率 （8） 动态限制信号的变化速率 （9） 滞环比较器，限制输出值在某一范围内变化 （10）饱和输出，让输出超过某一值时能够饱和 （11）动态饱和输出 （12）输入大于门限则输入为零 3、离散模块 （1） 差分环节 （2） 离散微分环节 （3） 离散滤波器 （4） 离散状态空间系统模型 （5） 离散传递函数模型 （6） 以零极点表示的离散传递函数模型 （7） 离散时间积分器 （8） 阶保持器 （9） 整数被延迟 （10）输出本模块上一步的输入值 （11）延迟 （12）离散一阶传递函数 （13）传递函数 （14）零点传递函数 （15）个采样周期的延时 （16）权值移动平均模型 （17）零阶保持器 4、逻辑和位操作模块 （1） 位清零 （2） 位置位 （3） 逐位操作 （4） 组合逻辑 （5） 和常量比较 （6） 和零比较 （7） 检测跳变 （8） 检测递减 （9） 检测负上升沿 （10） 检测非负下降沿 （11） 检测递增 （12） 检测非负上升沿 （13） 检测正上升沿 （14） 提取位 （15） 检测开区间 （16） 动态检测开区间 （17） 逻辑操作符 （18） 关系操作符 （19） 移位运算 5、查找表模块 （1） 余弦函数查询表 （2） n 个输入信号的查询表（直接匹配） （3） n 个输入信号的预插值 （4） 输入信号的查询表（线性峰值匹配） （5） 两维输入信号的查询表（线性峰值匹配） （6） n 维输入信号的查询表（线性峰值匹配） （7） 动态查询表 （8） 预查询索引搜索 （9） 正弦函数查询表 6数学模块 （1）取绝对值 （2）加法 （3）代数约束 （4）赋值 （5）偏移 （6）由复数输入转为幅值和相角输出 （7）由复数输入转为实部和虚部输出 （8）除法 （9）点乘运算 （10）比例运算 （11）由幅值和相角输入合成复数输出 （12）包括指数函数、对数函数、求平方、开根号等常用数学函数 （13）矩阵级联 （14）最值运算 （15）最大最小值运算 （16）多项式 （17）乘运算 （18）元素乘运算 （19）由实部和虚部输入合成复数输出 （20）取整 （21）舍入函数 （22）符号函数 （23）正弦波函数 （24）滑动增益 （25）减法 （26）求和运算 （27）元素和运算 （28）三角函数，包括正弦、余