快速搭建基于postfix dovecot的邮件系统.doc

user by jchen email:第 29 页2018-12-22安装环境：centos5.5 32位系统rpm安装apache、mysql、php编译安装postfix、dovecot一、安装centos5.5系统将centos5.5光盘放入光驱启动系统出现如下画面直接回车系统提示”是否需要校验cd媒介”,选择“skip”跳过安装欢迎界面：点击next选择安装界面语言next选择键盘类型 默认即可点击“下一步“分区设置选择“是” 点击“下一步”选择“检验和修改分区方案”选择“是”然后点击“下一步”手动分区（如果不想手动分区在上一步不要选择“检验和修改分区方案”）点击“重置”创建boot分区大小分300m（默认的100m也足够了）创建交换分区（如果物理内存较小swap分区大小就设为物理内存两倍，如果物理内存较大设为同内存一样大就ok了）创建home分区（主要用于存放数据）创建根分区（）完成分区安装grub引导程序设置网络设置时区设置超级用户root密码软件选择界面选择“现在定制”如果不需要图形界面可以将desktop-gnome去掉“应用程序”中只选择“编辑器”就行了“服务器”中选择“mysql数据库”、“万维网服务器”（也就是mysql和apache）选择“mysql数据库”-可选的软件包选择php-mysql组件“开发”中选择开发工具开始安装系统和定制的软件安装完成点击“重新引导”系统将重启系统设置向导禁用防火墙禁用selinux不用选择kdump直接点击“前进”即可时间和日期设置创建用户（创建普通用户，如果不想创建直接点击“前进”）重启系统完成设置打开终端修改/etc/inittab将id:5:initdefault:改为id:3:initdefault:设置为3用户模式启动系统（不带图形界面）如果之前安装的时候没有安装desktop-gnom这里默认进入3用户模式就不需要设置该项如果在装系统时没有安装apache、mysql、php系统安装完成之后可以通过rpm或者yum在线安装apache、mysql、php#yum install httpd-manual httpd system-config-httpd #yum install php-mysql mysql libdbi-dbd-mysql mysql-connector-odbc mysql-server mysql-devel #yum install php-cli php-mysql php-ldap php-pdo php php-common开启apache、mysql#service httpd start#service mysqld start测试phpvi /var/www/html/test.php内容如下:在浏览器里输入http:/your ip/test.php成功运行将会出现php的logo图标和配置信息。测试php与mysql数据库的协同工作编写一个php测试网页，添加简单的数据库操作命令，用于验证与mysql服务器的连接情况# vi /var/www/html/testdb.php代码如下： 使用浏览器访问http:/your ip/testdb.php进行测试。如果可以正常连接数据库会显示“success!”，否则显示“fail!”：创建数据库解压extman到/var/www/html/#tar zxvf extman-1.1.tar.gz -c /var/www/html#cd /var/www/html#mv extman-1.1 extman#chown -r vmail:vmail extman/cgi#mkdir /tmp/extman#chown -r vmail:vmail /tmp/extman导入mysql数据库结构及初始化数据，如果root密码默认为空提示输入密码直接回车即可#mysql -u root -p /var/www/html/extman/docs/extmail.sql#mysql -u root -p makefilesrc/scachecat ././conf/makedefs.out makefile.in makefilesrc/discardcat ././conf/makedefs.out makefile.in makefilesrc/tlsmgrcat ././conf/makedefs.out makefile.in makefilesrc/postmulticat ././conf/makedefs.out makefile.in makefilerm -f makefile; (cat conf/makedefs.out makefile.in) makefile说明makefile已经存在直接安装#make#make install编译完后会进入交互式的问答，选择默认值即可，可参照如下设置：install_root: /config_directory: /etc/postfixtempdir: /tmpcommand_directory: /usr/sbindaemon_directory: /usr/libexec/postfixdata_directory: /var/lib/postfixhtml_directory: nomail_owner: postfixmailq_path: /usr/bin/mailqmanpage_directory: /usr/local/mannewaliases_path: /usr/bin/newaliasesqueue_directory: /var/spool/postfixreadme_directory: nosendmail_path: /usr/sbin/sendmailsetgid_group: postdrop安装完毕。检查postfix支持的sasl验证类型,参数-a查询服务器端类型，用来验证登录用户，-a查询客户端类型，postfix用来和别的服务器通讯。#postconf -a显示：dovecot说明现在已经支持dovecot认证了查看是否支持mysql#postconf m显示内容如果有mysql说明支持mysql创建邮箱目录,假定虚拟用户邮件全部在/mailbox中。#mkdir /mailbox#chown -r vmail:vmail /mailbox/附相关配置文件,请根据实际情况修改。邮箱采用maildir格式，用户的邮箱目录格式是/mailbox/domain/username/maildir先备份main.cf配置文件#cp /etc/postfix/main.cf /etc/postfix/main.cf.bak然后编辑#vi /etc/postfix/main.cf清空内容添加以下内容：#base#queue_directory = /var/spool/postfixcommand_directory = /usr/sbindaemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfixdata_directory = /var/lib/postfixmyhostname = mydomain = myorigin = $mydomaininet_interfaces = allmydestination =unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550mynetworks_style = subnetmynetworks = /8home_mailbox = maildir/sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmailnewaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliasesmailq_path = /usr/bin/mailqsetgid_group = postdropmanpage_directory = /usr/local/mansample_directory = /etc/postfixreadme_directory=no#vritual mailbox settings#virtual_mailbox_base = /mailboxvirtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cfvirtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cfvirtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cfvirtual_uid_maps = static:1010virtual_gid_maps = static:1010virtual_transport = virtualmessage_size_limit = 10240000virtual_mailbox_limit = 209715200virtual_create_maildirsize = yesvirtual_mailbox_extended = yesvirtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_limit_maps.cfvirtual_mailbox_limit_override = yesvirtual_maildir_limit_message = sorry, the users maildir has overdrawn his diskspace quota, please try again later.virtual_overquota_bounce=yes#sasl#smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yessmtpd_sasl_local_domain = $mydomainsmtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymoussmtpd_sasl_type = dovecotsmtpd_sasl_path = private/authbroken_sasl_auth_clients = yessmtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_auth_destination, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_unauth_destination, reject注意smtpd_recipient_restrictions 后面的内容要放在一行如果想放在多行，每行结尾需要“，”隔开并且每行首要有空格启动postfix#postfix start停止postfix#postfix stop重新加载postfix#postfix reload3.安装dovecot下载地址/安装dovecot#tar zxvf dovecot-2.0.8.tar.gz -c /usr/local/src/#cd /usr/local/src/dovecot-2.0.8/配置参数使dovecot支持mysql数据库生成makefile文件。#cppflags=-i/usr/include -i/usr/include/openssl ldflags=-l/usr/lib ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/dovecot -sysconfdir=/etc -localstatedir=/var -with-sql -with-mysql -with-ssl=openssl#make#make install默认配置文件在/etc/dovecot目录:#cd /usr/local/dovecot/share/doc/dovecot/example-config/#cp dovecot.conf dovecot-sql.conf.ext /etc/dovecot/# cd /etc/dovecot/#mv dovecot-sql.conf.ext dovecot-mysql.conf#vi /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf清空并添加内容如下：protocols = imap pop3listen = *base_dir = /usr/local/dovecot/auth_debug = yesauth_default_realm = default_login_user = dovecotdefault_internal_user = dovecotdisable_plaintext_auth = nossl = nomail_uid = 1010mail_gid = 1010first_valid_uid = 1010last_valid_uid = 1010log_path = /var/log/dovecot.logmail_location = maildir:/mailbox/%d/%n/maildirpop3_uidl_format=%08xu%08xvauth default mechanisms = plain login passdb sql args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-mysql.conf userdb sql args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-mysql.conf socket listen client path = /var/spool/postfix/private/auth mode = 0660 user = postfix group = postfix 注意：邮箱格式，在dovecot中%d代表域名(domain)，%n代表用户名称(user)，%u代表userdomain。编辑dovecot-mysql.conf#vi /etc/dovecot/dovecot-mysql.conf清空并添加内容如下：driver = mysqlconnect = host=localhost dbname=extmail user=extmail password=extmaildefault_pass_scheme = md5-cryptpassword_query = select password, maildir as userdb_home from mailbox where username = %uuser_query = select 1010 as uid ,1010 as gid from mailbox where username=%u and active=1注意：default_pass_scheme为密码加密方式如果设置错误会导致outlook等邮件客户端不能收信启动dovecot服务#/usr/local/dovecot/sbin/dovecot -c /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf4.webmail (extmail+extman)的架设extmail、extman下载地址：/download/extmail、extman需要perl-rrdtool、rrdtool以及以下5个perl模块的支持:perl-unix-syslog 、perl-dbd-mysql、 perl-dbi 、perl-file-tail、perl-gd以上7个软件rpm包下载链接http:/packages.sw.be/perl-gd/http:/packages.sw.be/perl-file-tail/http:/packages.sw.be/perl-unix-syslog/http:/packages.sw.be/perl-dbi/http:/packages.sw.be/perl-dbd-mysql/http:/packages.sw.be/rrdtool/先检查是否已经安装rpm -qa|grep perl4.1安装rpm包：#rpm -ivh perl-gd-2.44-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm#rpm -ivh perl-unix-syslog-1.1-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm#rpm -ivh perl-dbi-1.615-1.el5.rfx.i386.rpm#rpm -ivh perl-dbd-mysql-4.014-1.el5.rfx.i386.rpm#rpm -ivh -nodeps perl-rrdtool-1.4.4-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm rrdtool-1.4.4-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm(安装perl-rrdtool 、rrdtool时会因为缺少依赖包无法安装，因此忽略依赖包强制安装)其他省略4.2将extmail解包到“/var/www/html/”目录。#tar zxvf extmail-1.1.1.tar.gz -c/var/www/html/#cd /var/www/html/#mv extmail-1.1.1 extmail#chown -r vmail:vmail extmail/cgi/修改extmail的配置文件webmail.cf，修改如下内容#cd /var/www/html/extmail#cp webmail.cf.default webmail.cf#vi webmail.cf修改下面内容：sys_config = /var/www/html/extmail/sys_langdir = /var/www/html/extmail/langsys_templdir = /var/www/html/extmail/htmlsys_maildir_base = /mailbox（刚才创建的/mailbox目录）sys_mysql_user = extmailsys_mysql_pass = extmailsys_mysql_db = extmailsys_mysql_host = localhostsys_mysql_socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockextmail数据库权限相关设置先查看是否有相关数据库信息/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql u root -pmysql show databases;mysql use extmailmysql show tables;然后赋予权限mysql grant all privileges on *.* to extmaillocalhost identified by extmail with grant option;4.3安装运行extman修改extman的配置文件webmail.cf，修改如下内容#cd /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/extman/#cp docs/mysql_virtual_* /etc/postfix/#cp webman.cf.default webman.cf修改以下内容：sys_config = /var/www/html/extman/sys_langdir = /var/www/html/extman/langsys_templdir = /var/www/html/extman/htmlsys_maildir_base = /mailboxsys_mysql_user = webmansys_mysql_pass = webmansys_mysql_db = extmailsys_mysql_host = localhostsys_mysql_socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.socksys_captcha_on = 0（该选项是去掉登录时输入验证码如果需要验证码可以以保持值为1）修改apache配置文件添加虚拟主机#vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf最后面添加如下内容：namevirtualhost *:80include conf/vhost_*.conf并且修改us