土木工程外文翻译----施工组织设计在工程管理中的重要作用.docx

the construction organization design in engineering management important rolethis article on the construction of organizational design management process and the three control objectives were discussed from different angles, aimed at strengthening the construction of organizational design, optimization and management, stressed the important role of the construction organization design in the engineering and construction management, project implementation inunder market economy conditions, how the effective use of existing resources into the correct handling of the investment, time, and the progress of the three control objectives, should play the role of the construction organization design in the tender and the signing of the contract, the construction organization design not only in the management ofplay a role, also play a role in management, a balanced investment of resources, reasonable work arrangements have an important impact on speeding up the construction period and improve investment returns.construction organization design is used to guide the whole process of construction projects, the activities of technical, economic and organization of comprehensive document, construction technology and construction project management of the organic integration of product, it is after the project construction activities in an orderly, efficient, scientific and reasonable to carry out the guarantee. its characteristics are: (1) includes both techniques, including economic; more precisely, the combination of technical and economic documents, can solve the technical problem, but also consider economic effect. (2) of the whole file, overall refers to the engineering object is whole, file content is comprehensive, play is full. (3) is a guide to contracting process, from start to completion of bidding, end. the construction before, after all, in all sorts of problems to be considered, and make a reasonable analysis, compiled on the construction activities for full deployment, guide the construction preparation and construction process technical economy document. it from the construction of the overall situation, according to the specific conditions, formulate construction scheme, determine the construction program, construction flow, construction sequence, construction method and technical measures of organization, labor organization, arrangement of construction schedule and labor, equipment, materials, components and various semi-finished goods supply, on the road transport, site use, water and electricity energy guarantee on-site facilities layout and construction planning, in order to predict construction in a variety of needs and its changes, to prepare in advance, the design and construction, technology and economy, front and rear, the overall business activities and construction project, the construction units, departments, and between each project stage the relationship between the organic coordination, so that the whole construction process of a scientific and rational management system, so as to achieve the best people, turn material resources to good account, high quality, low cost, high efficiency to obtain the best economic benefits.construction organization design as a whole, comprehensive technical and economic documents, is a communication bridge between engineering design and construction. it should not only show the proposed project design and use requirements, but also accord with the objective law of engineering construction, whole process of construction plays an important role in the planning and guidance. mainly has the following several points.(1) guide the engineering bidding and engineering contract signed, as a bid to the books content and part of contract.(2) for guiding the construction before the disposable prep and the entire process of construction work.(3) as a project management plan documents, proposed construction schedule control, quality control, cost control, safety control, field management, each factor of production management and technical measures of organization, enhance comprehensive benefits.construction organization design of classification, according to the construction organization design stage can be divided into two categories: one category is prior to bidding construction organization plan, referred to as the standard design; another kind is the engineering contract signed after preparation of the construction organization design, referred to as the standard design.a building or a group of building construction must be by a lot of work to finish. every project construction process can take different construction methods and different construction tools. while the building or building group of construction sequence, often can have different arrangement. every member can be produced by different mode of production, every kind of transport operation can adopt different means of transport and transport operation. work on the mechanical equipment, warehouse, yard and office space, often can have different arrangement scheme. in short, whether in technology or in the organizational aspects, usually have many feasible schemes for the construction of personnel selection, but a different scheme, its economic effect is not the same. to this end, (1) contracting parties in the editorship of engineering investment, not only familiar with the construction drawings, choose the applicable quota cost standard, but also in-depth field set collate, carefully as appropriate construction organization or construction plan. the different construction organization or construction plan will directly influence the quota sub-item of the sleeve, and influence from the engineering cost. as the employer in the pipeline project cost, should be strictly, from fine, from solid, improve the accuracy of project cost, eliminate overestimate risk, eliminate unfair to improve project cost phenomenon; as a construction method for a project contract authority, must optimize construction organization design, so that the series of the project cost more accurate. (2) the construction drawing budget quantity statistical table that lists the unit works in all kinds of labor and materials required quantity, it is construction unit the preparation of construction plan, reduce the project cost and reliable evidence, accurate or not will directly affect the construction preparation work. (3) the accurate construction graph budget can make construction method to execute economic accounting, and strive to ensure quality and construction period of the premise, with less labor consumption to obtain best economic effect.through the above analysis, the construction organization design quality, will directly affect the project investment and cost, so the need for construction organization design optimization.control of the construction project progress, not only can ensure that the construction project according to the predetermined time delivery, timely investment benefit and construction method, also the timely recovery of funds, reduce the loss due to time limit default and vested interest. however, according to how the construction unit construction organization design, make accord with the engineering characteristics of the individual construction organization scheme in practical work are not effectively carried out, or even less than the construction unit schedule resulted in event of default.according to the construction unit construction organization design, combined with the engineering characteristics affecting the progress of factor analysis, using network technique to find out the key circuit and the key factors. the second schedule control measures, in order to ensure the implementation of target of control of construction project. the progress control measures should include measures of organization, technical measures, economic measures and contract measure.5construction organization design effect on qualitythe influencing factor of project quality throughout all phases of the project construction, the project feasibility study until completion and acceptance are to some extent, to some extent, the project implementation stage is the formation of physical quality of the decisive link. in this step, do well in construction organization design (quality plan ) review plays an important role in.construction organization design ( review of the main principles of quality plan ).(1) the construction organization design shall be in accordance with current technology policy, fully consider the conditions of contract, actual, highlight the quality first, safety first principle.(2) the construction organization design in.(3) the construction organization design operation.(4) the advanced technology program.(5) quality management and technology management system, quality assurance measures are sound and feasible.(6) safety, environmental protection, fire protection and civilized construction measures are feasible and in accordance with the relevant provisions.(7) to meet the contract and legal requirements, should respect the parties involved in the independent decision and management decision.construction organization design review should pay attention to the following aspects.(1) the important segment, construction scheme.(2) in the construction of order should be consistent with the first underground, ground after construction; first, main, equipment; main body, after the first enclosure basic law.(3) the construction scheme and construction schedule plan consistency.(4) the construction scheme and construction plan layout coordination.the construction organization design, should consider the situation, seize the principal contradiction, foreknow weak point, seek truth from facts to do the whole process of the construction of the overall arrangement. the actual work, most of the construction unit and management often focus on one aspect, or pay attention to before bidding construction organization design, can achieve the project wins the bid; or pay attention to contract phase of the construction organization design, acquisition management fang deshi work permit, these two cases are not really grasp the construction organization design true, namely the construction organization design and the overall process characteristics, not the construction organization design technology and economy truly unified. in the preparation of construction organization design process, should pay attention to from the following aspects of construction organization design optimization. after receiving the drawings or letter of acceptance, the contractor shall proceed to the environment of construction site survey, the preparation of detailed construction organization design. therefore, the construction personnel should be combined with the project of the nature and magnitude, duration, the number of workers, machinery and equipment, material supply, component production, transport conditions, geological conditions, climatic conditions and the specific technical and economic conditions, the construction organization design, construction scheme and construction progress plan optimization, allowing the selection of the scheme is more reasonable. as in a water treatment works, involving multiple elevation is a water treatment structures, the construction side according to the local terrain and weather conditions (9 december drought little rain ), first arrange the low-lying and elevation of lower reservoir and two sink the pond construction, then arrange to potential higher water stress cycle clarifier, non valve filter construction, effectively solves the problem of the rainy season in the low-lying place construction difficulty, avoids the low-lying place was rain soaked collapse, drainage difficult phenomenon, thereby reducing the cost of the project.in accordance with the project and rational construction program arrangement, construction sequence, according to the actual situation of each unit engineering construction period arrangement, so that the construction work in batches to, avoid excessive concentrations, effectively reduce the peak workload, reduce the temporary facilities, avoid labor, machinery, materials enter big greatly, ensure the construction schedule, there is rhythm of.should the widespread implementation of flow-shop, such as the organization of professional operations team or multiple types of mixed operations team, in accordance with the provisions of the order of uninterrupted in several working properties of the same work surface flow construction, because the professional group operation of specialization, to guarantee the quality of the work, improve the work efficiency and the utilization rate of mechanical equipment. at the same time can ensure working face is not idle, the process of uninterrupted, achieve balanced continuous operation, shorten the time limit for a project, reduce project cost. as a construction unit in the preparation of a highway bid construction organization design, due to the road through the hills, bridge and culvert design of greater density, and mutually neighboring much rubble masonry bridge ( culvert) table plate bridges, in order to improve the work efficiency, construction workers are divided into two groups: group of masonry and reinforced concrete group. work group was divided into two groups, a group of special masonry foundation, another group of special masonry abutment; reinforced concrete work group was divided into woodworking group, reinforcing steel bar and concrete work group. all duties, unfolding flow-shop, obtained by construction unit of praise, but also greatly reduces the cost of the project.main construction machinery utilization ratio, directly affects project cost, considered inappropriate may also affect the construction schedule. therefore, without affecting the overall progress under the premise, make full use of existing machinery equipment, large machinery and small machinery combination, mechanization and semi-mechanization combined, and on schedule to make appropriate adjustments, in order to improve the main mechanical utilization rate, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the cost of. as in sewage treatment plant project phase two of the sewage in the station construction, the construction side by dredging excavator digging pit, dump truck with good soil, embankment, mud up to spoil ground, greatly improves the work efficiency, reduces the cost. on construction organization design and technical economy analysis is intended to demonstrate the preparation of construction organization design technically feasible, in the economy is reasonable, so as to choose the satisfactory solution, and for managing way. construction organization design and technical economic analysis steps as shown in figure1.construction organization design and analysis and evaluation are generally divided into: general construction organization design evaluation is the individual project construction organization design evaluation and unit construction organization design and evaluation. before bidding should pay attention to individual project construction organization design analysis and evaluation; contract stage should pay attention to unit construction organization design analysis and evaluation.unit construction organization design analysis and evaluation of quality, cost, time limit for a project should focus on three main aspects, taking into account the safety aspect, should from the following several aspects.(1) basic engineering in earthwork, piling of cast-in-place concrete, drainage and waterproof, transport schedule and time limit for a key.(2) structural engineering should be based on the vertical transport machinery selection, flowing section, division of labor organization, cast-in-place reinforced concrete formwork, scaffolding, watering and transport options, special construction programme, the partial technical organization measures for key.(3) the decoration stage should be based on the sequence of construction, quality assurance measures, labor organization, division of labor cooperation, saving material, technical and organizational measures for key.as the building the market internationalization, specialization division of labor, the construction market competition more and more intense, more and more cruel. as one of construction market main body construction, want to scale the heights, remain invincible, not only to strengthen enterprise management and economic accounting, but also in the construction organization design and construction scheme optimization and fulfil fluctuation kongfu. the party awarding the contract for construction of budget of construction drawing audit ( bidding ), is actually on the construction method of construction organization design optimization and confirmation. fang ruo is not in accordance with the approved construction organization design and construction conditions, can have time limit for a project and cost claims; the construction side if not according to the optimized construction organization design and implementation, and runs through the whole process of construction, is likely to suffer economic losses or the counter claim.therefore, building engineering contract both sides should treat cautiously the construction organization design optimization and implementation, to construction organization design as a means, looking for investment, time limit for a project, quality and the best combination.施工组织设计在工程管理中的重要作用本文就施工组织设计管理对工程项目实施过程及三大控制目标的影响从不同角度进行了论述,旨在加强施工组织设计的优化和管理,强调施工组织设计在工程施工管理中的重要作用,在市场经济条件下,如何有效利用既有的资源投入,正确处理好投资、工期、进度三大控制目标,应当发挥施工组织设计在投标和签订承包合同中的作用,使工程施工组织设计不但在管理中发挥作用,也在经营中发挥作用,均衡的资源投入,合理的工序安排,对加快施工工期和提高投资效益具有重要影响。1用来指导施工项目全过程各项活动的技术、经济和组织的综合性文件,是施工技术与施工项目管理有机结合的产物,它是工程开工后施工活动能有序、高效、科学合理地进行的保证。其