23年考研英语真题及答案.doc

目录2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题72008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题8section iuse of english8section iireading comprehension10part a10part b16part c18section iiiwriting19part a19part b192008年考研英语真题答案212007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题23section iuse of english23section iireading comprehension26part a26part b33part c35section iiiwriting36part a36part b362007年考研英语真题答案372006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题39section iuse of english39section iireading comprehension42part a42part b49part c51section iiiwriting52part a52part b522006年考研英语真题答案542005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题56section iuse of english56section iireading comprehension59part a59part b66part c68section iiiwriting69part a69part b692005年考研英语真题答案712004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题73section ilistening comprehension73part a73part b73part c74section iiuse of english76section iiireading comprehension80part a80part b86section ivwriting882004年考研英语真题答案892003年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题91section ilistening comprehension91part a91part b91part c92section iiuse of english94section iiireading comprehension98part a98part b105section ivwriting1052003年考研英语真题答案1072002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题109section ilistening comprehension109part a109part b110part c110section iiuse of english113section iiireading comprehension117part a117part b124section ivwriting1242002年考研英语真题答案1262001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题128section istructure and vocabulary128part a128part b130section iicloze test134section iiireading comprehension138section ivenglish-chinese translation145section vwriting1462001年考研英语真题答案1482000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题150section istructure and vocabulary150part a150part b152part c153section iicloze test158section iiireading comprehension159section ivenglish-chinese translation167section vwriting1682000年考研英语真题答案1691999年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题171section istructure and vocabulary171part a171part b173part c174section iicloze test178section iiireading comprehension180section ivenglish-chinese translation187section vwriting1881999年考研英语真题答案1901998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题192section istructure and vocabulary192part a192part b194part c195section iicloze test199section iiireading comprehension201section ivenglish-chinese translation209section vwriting2101998年考研英语真题答案2121997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题214section istructure and vocabulary214part a214part b216part c217section iicloze test221section iiireading comprehension223section ivenglish-chinese translation230section vwriting2311997年考研英语真题答案2331996年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题235section istructure and vocabulary235part a235part b237part c238section iiclose test242section iiireading comprehension244section ivenglish-chinese translation251section vwriting2521996年考研英语真题答案2531995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题255section istructure and vocabulary255part a255part b257part c258section iiclose test262section iiireading comprehension264section ivenglish-chinese translation271section vwriting2721995年考研英语真题答案2731994年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题275section istructure and vocabulary275part a275part b277part c278section iicloze test282section iiireading comprehension284section ivenglish-chinese translation290section vwriting2911994年考研英语真题答案2931993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题295section istructure and vocabulary295section iireading comprehension300section iiiclose test305section iverror-detection and correction308section venglish-chinese translation310section viwriting3101993年考研英语真题答案3121992年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题314section istructure and vocabulary314section iireading comprehension319section iiiclose test324section iverror-detection and correction326section venglish-chinese translation328section viwriting3291992年考研英语真题答案3301991年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题332section istructure and vocabulary332section iireading comprehension337section iiiclose test342section iverror-detection and correction345section venglish-chinese translation346section viwriting3471991年考研英语真题答案3481990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题350section istructure and vocabulary350section iireading comprehension352section iiiclose test356section iverror-detection and correction358section vverb forms360section vichinese-english translation360section viienglish-chinese translation3611990年考研英语真题答案3631989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题365section istructure and vocabulary365section iireading comprehension367section iiiclose test372section iverror-detection and correction374section vverb forms375section vichinese-english translation376section viienglish-chinese translation3761989年考研英语真题答案3781988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题380section istructure and vocabulary380section iireading comprehension382section iiiclose test387section iverror-detection and correction389section vverb forms390section vichinese-english translation391section viienglish-chinese translation3911988年考研英语真题答案3931987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题395section istructure and vocabulary395section iireading comprehension397section iiistructure and vocabulary401section ivclose test403section vverb forms405section vierror-detection and correction406section viichinese-english translation408section viiienglish-chinese translation4081987年考研英语真题答案4101986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题412section istructure and vocabulary412section iiclose test414section iiireading comprehension416section ivstructure and vocabulary419section verror-detection and correction421section viverb forms423section viichinese-english translation423section viiienglish-chinese translation4241986年考研英语真题答案4252008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题192008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题section iuse of englishdirections:read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on answer sheet 1. (10 points)the idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. but gregory cochran is to say it anyway. he is that bird, a scientist who works independently any institution. he helped popularize the idea that some diseases not thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested. he, however, might tremble at the of what he is about to do. together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. the group in are a particular people originated from central europe. the process is natural selection.this group generally do well in iq test, 12-15 points above the value of 100, and have contributed to the intellectual and cultural life of the west, as the of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, . they also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. these facts, , have previously been thought unrelated. the former has been to social effects, such as a strong tradition of education. the latter was seen as a (an) of genetic isolation. dr. cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately . his argument is that the unusual history of these people has them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this state of affairs.1.a selectedb preparedc obligedd pleased2.a uniqueb particularc speciald rare3.a ofb withc ind against4.a subsequentlyb presentlyc previouslyd lately5.a onlyb soc evend hence6.a thoughtb sightc costd risk7.a advisesb suggestsc protestsd objects8.a progressb factc needd question9.a attainingb scoringc reachingd calculating10.a normalb commonc meand total11.a unconsciouslyb disproportionatelyc indefinitelyd unaccountably12.a missionsb fortunesc interestsd careers13.a affirmb witnessc observed approve14.a moreoverb thereforec howeverd meanwhile15.a given upb got overc carried ond put down16.a assessingb supervisingc administeringd valuing17.a developmentb originc consequenced instrument18.a linkedb integratedc wovend combined19.a limitedb subjectedc convertedd directed20.a paradoxicalb incompatiblec inevitabled continuoussection iireading comprehensionpart adirections:read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. (40 points)text 1while still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to dr. yehuda, chief psychiatrist at new yorks veterans administration hospital.studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. in several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.adding to a womans increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “its not necessarily that women dont cope as well. its just that they have so much more to cope with,” says dr. yehuda. “their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than mens,” she observes, “its just that theyre dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”dr. yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “i think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. the kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. the wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”adeline alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “i struggled a lot to get the college degree. i was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “its the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. i lived from paycheck to paycheck.”not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses alvarez describes. but most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. alvarezs experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.21.which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?a women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.b women are still suffering much stress caused by men.c women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.d men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.22.dr. yehudas research suggests that womena need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.b have limited capacity for tolerating stress.c are more capable of avoiding stress.d are exposed to more stress.23.according to paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to bea domestic and temporary.b irregular and violent.c durable and frequent.d trivial and random.24.the sentence “i lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (line 6, para. 5) shows thata alvarez cared about nothing but making money.b alvarezs salary barely covered her household expenses.c alvarez got paychecks from different jobs.d alvarez paid practically everything by check.25.which of the following would be the best title for the text?a strain of stress: no way out?b responses to stress: gender differencec stress analysis: what chemicals sayd gender inequality: women under stresstext 2it used to be so straightforward. a team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. a journal editor would then remove the authors names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.no longer. the internet and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it is making access to scientific results a reality. the organization for economic co-operation and development (oecd) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. the report, by john houghton of victoria university in australia and graham vickery of the oecd, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. but it goes further than that. it signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.the value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. it is big business. in america, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. the international association of scientific, technical and medical publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. they publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.this is now changing. according to the oecd report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the reports authors. there is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. there is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. all this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.26.in the first paragraph, the author discussesa the background information of journal editing.b the publication routine of laboratory reports.c the relations of authors with journal publishers.d the traditional process of journal publication.27.which of the following is true of the oecd report?a it criticizes government-funded research.b it introduces an effective means of publication.c it upsets profit-making journal publishers.d it benefits scientific research considerably.28.according to the text, online publication is significant in thata it provides an easier access to scientific results.b it brings huge profits to scientific researchers.c it emphasizes the crucial role of scientific knowledge.d it facilitates public investment in scientific research.29.with the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required toa cover the cost of its publication.b subscribe to the journal publishing it.c allow other online journals to use it freely.d complete the peer-review before submission.30.which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the text?a the internet is posing a threat to publishers.b a new mode of publication is emerging.c authors welcome the new channel for publication.d publication is rendered easier by online service.text 3in the early 1960s wilt chamberlain was one of only three players in the national basketball association (nba) listed at over seven feet. if he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. the bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.the trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: americans have generally stopped growing. though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, todays people especially those born to families who have lived in the u.s. for many generations apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s. and they arent likely to get any taller. “in the general population today, at this genetic, environmental level, weve pretty much gone as far as we can go,” says anthropologist william cameron chumlea of wright state university. in the case of nba players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients notably, protein to feed expandi