剽窃论述 on Plagiarism

Plagiarismis the wrongful appropriation and stealing and publication of anotherauthors language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions and the representation of them as ones ownoriginal work. The idea remains problematic with unclear definitions and unclear rules.The modern concept of plagiarism asimmoralandoriginalityas anidealemerged in Europe only in the 18th century, particularly with theRomantic movement.Plagiarism is consideredacademic dishonestyand a breach ofjournalistic ethics. It is subject to sanctions like penalties, suspension, and evenexpulsion.Plagiarism is not acrimebut in academia and industry, it is a seriousethicaloffense,and cases of plagiarism can constitutecopyright infringement.What is Plagiarism? Plagiarism is the practice of using or copying someone elses words or ideas and pretended that they are yours. Plagiarism is a violation or breach of law and ethics. It is a form of intellectual “theft”, but in a sense it is even worse than theft because you present them to other people as if they were your own words and ideas, and you try to take credit for them.Two types of plagiarism There are two broad types of plagiarism: (1) intentional or deliberate, (2) unintentional or careless. When the writer purposefully hides the fact that the words or ideas he presents are those of someone else. It is a form of stealing. Unintentional plagiarism typically occurs when the writer does not cite the source correctly.Examples of Plagiarism: In recent years, linguists and language teachers alike have become much more interested in language as it is used in communication and not just in language as the abstract formal system. The organization of language teaching along functional lines reflects the increased interest in language as and for communication. However, to organize language teaching functionally does not necessarily make the teaching communicative or encourage the communicative use of the language. (Liu R.Q. et al(and) 1990. Introducing Linguistics. Beijing: Renmin Jiaoyu Chubanshe, p.312) (70 words) In recent years, both linguists and language teachers are more and more interested in regarding language as a tool in communication and not just as an abstract formal system. The arrangement of language teaching according to functional principles shows the increased interest in teaching language as and for communication. However, to make language teaching functionally- organized may not make the teaching communicative or encourage people to use language communicatively. (69 words) Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in both linguists and language teachers in regarding language as a tool in daily communication rather than as a formal system in the mind. This growing interest has encouraged applied linguists, course designers, materials writers and teachers to organize teaching along the functional line. However, this does not mean that the teaching becomes communicative automatically or that communicative use of language is suggested. (70 words) As was observed by Liu et al (1990:312), recent years have witnessed a growing interest in both linguists and language teachers in regarding language as a tool in daily communication rather than as a formal system in the mind, and this growing interest has encouraged applied linguists, course designers, materials writers and teachers to organize teaching along the functional line. However, as Liu et al rightly say, this does not mean that the teaching becomes communicative automatically or that communicative use of language is suggested. (85 words)Why is Version 3 better than the other two versions? Firstly and most obviously, it gives due credit to the author, and provides all the necessary information about the source. Secondly, the writer here has successfully integrated the ideas into an appropriate context. Thirdly, the basic idea may be others, but the words are the writers own.How to Avoid Plagiarism?1. Indicate the source of the idea.2. Use different words.3. Paraphrase the original source by the authors name.4. Putting all the quoted materials within the quotation marks.5. Provide specific in-text documentation for all borrowings.6. Making a bibliography e