高考英语备考 中等生百日捷进提升系列 专题03 unit1unit2高频词汇分类解读（含解析）（必修2）

在学生就要走出校门的时候，班级工作仍要坚持德育先行，继续重视对学生进行爱国主义教育、集体主义教育、行为规范等的教育，认真落实学校、学工处的各项工作要求专题03 Unit1-Unit2高频词汇分类解读根据中等生基础知识不牢固的特点，将基础知识以2-3个单元为一讲，突出常考单词的背诵和用法区别。由于单选题退出大部分省份的英语试卷，所以这部分重点强调学练结合。集中识记常考的完形填空词汇；常考的阅读中出现的词汇；常考的书面表达中的句型。完形词汇重在词语的详细意思和词汇辨析；阅读词汇重在记住词义即可，但数量要大；书面表达句型重在在句子中背诵，力争背过的句子在话题中有高频的出现几率。这样可以大面积、迅速地提高成绩。聚焦少而精的知识，直接对接高考。练习重在做到有的放矢，基础练习以单词拼写、单词填空或短文填空为主。能力提升一定要由浅入深，让他们有成就感，迅速进入状态。句型复习采用翻译x句子+背诵范文的方法。必修2 Unit1Unit2词汇基础知识狂背：I.常考的完形填空词汇及短语：（注意它们在完形中出现的几率极高，完形30分志在必得，现在开始狂背。）（1）词汇1survive vt. 在之后仍然生存；逃生；比活得长vi. 活下来；幸存survival n. 存活，幸存survivor n. 幸存者survive sb. (by) 比某人活得长(几年)survive sth. 幸免于某事survive on sth. 靠存活下来survive from sth. 从存活下来；流传下来 即学即练1(1)It was lucky that the boy survived the fire.很幸运，这个男孩得以从大火中逃生。(2)She survived her husband by ten years.她比她丈夫多活了十年。(3)Many strange customs have survived from earlier times.有许多古怪的习俗源远流长。2design n设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思by designon purpose 有意，故意have designs on/upon sth. (money/life) 图谋(钱、生命等)be designed for sb./sth.be designed to do sth.be designed as sth.为某目的或用途而制造或计划 即学即练2(1)They have designed a lot of advanced electric equipments.他们已设计了许多先进的电子设备。(2)The experiment is designed to test the new drug.实验的目的是试验新药。(3)These books are primarily designed for the use of beginners.这些书主要是供初学的人使用的。(4)She attended a school of dress design.她就读于一所服装设计学校。3fancy adj. 奇怪的；异样的vt. 想象；设想；爱好n想象力；幻想；爱好fancy oneself (as sth.) 自命不凡；自负fancyn.(to be)/asn. 认为是fancy (ones) doing 想象(某人)做某事have a fancy for 爱好catch/take ones fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/某物Just fancy! 口想想看！奇怪！Fancy (that)! 真想不到！真奇怪！fancy dress/clothes 奇装异服 绕口令Fancy Nancy did not fancy doing fancy work. But fancy Nancys fancy auntie did fancy Nancy doing fancy work. 可爱的南希没有想象到能做出出色的工作，而可爱的南希的漂亮的姑姑的确想象到南希做出了出色的工作。 即学即练3(1)Do you fancy going out this evening？今晚你想不想出去？(2)She fancied herself(as/to be) a famous actress.她自以为是个有名的演员。(3)She fancied that she was being followed.她觉得好像自己被跟踪了。提示：fancy用做动词，有时用于祈使句，表示惊奇，不相信，震惊等，后加名词、代词、动名词等做宾语，如Fancy meeting you here！想不到在这儿遇见你！4doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑vt. 怀疑；不信doubtful adj. 怀疑的beyond/out of doubt 毫无疑问地；确实地in doubt 不肯定；不确定no doubt 无疑地；很可能without doubt 无疑地；确实地I dont doubt that.我确信I doubt whether (if).我怀疑是否There is no doubt thatclauseabout.毫无疑问注意：doubt 在肯定句中用 whether或 if引导从句，但在疑问句和否定句中用 that引导从句。 即学即练4(1) There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter.毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。(2) There is some doubt whether their football team will win the match.他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯定。(3)I dont doubt that he can finish the task on time.我相信他能按时完成任务。 (4)I doubt whether they can swim across the river.我怀疑他们能否游过河去。(5)This meeting has been, without doubt, one of the most useful we have had so far.这无疑是我们迄今为止最有用的一次会议。5worth prep. 值得的；相当于的价值n价值；作用 adj. 值钱的be worthn.“值”(仅限于少数表示钱数或某种代价的比喻性名词)be (well) worth doing “(很)值得做”(用 well修饰；用动名词的主动式表示被动含义)be worthyofn.ofbeing done值得做某事to be doneIt is worthwhileto do sth.doing sth.做某事是值得的另外：worthy 可用做前置定语，表示“有价值的；可敬的”，而 worth不能做前置定语。如：a worthy gentleman 一位可敬的绅士。 即学即练5(1)The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny.这次旅行花费很大，但是花的每一分钱都不冤枉。(2)The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。(3)The article is worthy of careful study. /of being studied carefully. /to be studied carefully. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。 6compete vi. 比赛；竞争competition n. 竞争competitor n. 参赛者competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的compete in 参加比赛compete to do sth. 竞争做某事compete with/against 与竞争compete for 为而竞争attend a competition 参加竞赛 即学即练1(1)Over 1 000 athletes will compete in the race.将有1 000多名运动员参加赛跑。(2)The two teams competed against each other for the championship. 这两个队竞争冠军。(3)Several advertising agencies are competing to get the contract. 几家广告公司在竞争这份合同。7admit vt.&vi. (admitted; admitted) 容许；承认；接纳admitn./doing(having done)/thatclause承认某事/(已经)做了某事admit sb./sth. to be 承认某人/某物是admit sb. to/into.准许某人进入(或加入)admit of容许It is admitted that. 人们公认 即学即练2(1)You must admit the task to be difficult.你必须承认这项任务是艰巨的。(2)He admitted stealing the bicycle. 他承认偷了自行车。(3)The ticket will admit three persons to the concert.这张票可允许三个人参加音乐会。(4) Its admitted that the plan is unreasonable.普遍认为这个计划不合理。8replace vt. 取代；替换；把放回原处replace(take the place of) sb./sth.取代某人/某物replace sth. with/by sth. 用替换in place ofin ones place 代替take ones placetake the place of 代替 即学即练3(1) Replace the book on the shelf. 把书放回书架上。(2)I replaced the old tyres with new ones.我用新轮胎替换了旧轮胎。(3)Can anything replace a mothers love and care?有什么东西能代替母亲的爱和关心吗？9charge vt. & vi.收费；控诉；充电n费用；主管charge sb. with (doing) sth. 使某人承担责任；控告charge sb. money for (doing) sth. 向某人索价多少钱做什么charge a battery 给电池充电free of charge 免费sb. take charge of sth. (be in charge of)某人负责/管理某事sth. be in (under) ones charge be in (under) the charge of sb. 某事由某人负责/掌管be on charge 在充电 即学即练4(1)How much do you charge for mending a pair of shoes？你补一双鞋要多少钱？(2)Will you be in charge of the company when I am away？我不在的时候你负责公司事务好吗？(3)The company is in the charge of Tom when the boss is away. 老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。 (4)My MP3 cant be used now, for it is being charged.我的MP3现在不能用，正在充电。(5)He was charged with murder.他被指控犯谋杀罪。10bargain vi. 议价；讨价还价；谈判 n. 成交的商品；廉价货make a bargain with sb. 与某人达成协议bargain with sb. about sth. 与某人协商某事strike a bargain with sb. 与某人成交Its a bargin. 这可是便宜货。a bargain price (a low price) 廉价 即学即练5(1)These shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.这些鞋子价格这样低，真是便宜货。(2)He made a bargain with his wife，“You do the shopping and I will cook.”他和妻子达成协议：“你去买东西，我做饭。”(3)We bargained with her about the price. 我们跟她议价。11deserve vi.&vt. 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得deserve sth. 应该得到；值得deserve to do sth. 值得做某事deserve well/ill of 应受到之优(虐)待即学即练6(1)Guilin deserves a visit.Guilin deserves to be visited.桂林值得一游。(2)He deserves well of his country.他应得到国家的优待。提示：(1)deserve 不用于进行时态。(2)deserved adj. 应得的。如：deserved punishment/reward/praise 应得的惩罚报酬/赞美。(3)deserving adj. 有功的，值得的。如：be deserving of smypathy 值得同情。 （2）短语1in search ofin ones search for 寻找；搜寻search.for.在里面/身上搜寻search forlook forhunt for 寻找search out 找出某人或某物search through 把仔细搜寻一遍make a search for.搜查，搜寻 即学即练6(1)They started off at once in search of the missing girl.他们立即出发，寻找失踪的女孩。(2)The police searched her for drugs.警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。(3)We have been searching for the lost boy all over.我们一直在到处找那失踪的男孩。(4)He searched out the book and gave it to me.他找出那本书给了我。(5)He searched (through) his pockets for a cigarette.他把自己的口袋找遍了，想找到一根香烟。 拓展：in honour of 为了纪念；为向表示敬意in praise of 歌颂；表扬in memory of 为纪念in favour of 赞同，支持in place of 代替in charge of 负责in possession of 拥有in control of 控制in face of 面对in need/want of 需要2belong to 属于；为的一员即学即练7(1)That dictionary belongs to the library.那本词典是图书馆的。(2)Do you belong to the trade union？你是工会会员吗？(3)Where do these plates belong？这些盘子该放在哪？提示：(1)belong to不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。(2)belong vi. “适合待在某处，放在某处”，没有含被动意味的过去分词用法。(3)belongings n. 财产，所有物，相关事物3in return 作为回报；作为交换in return for为作为回报without return 无赚头；无利润by return (接信后)立即回复return sb. sth. (return sth. to sb.) 将某物归还某人return to some place/life 回到某地/复活 即学即练8(1)He gave her some roses in return for her kindness.他送给她一些玫瑰答谢她的好意。(2)They let us use their computers, and in return we give them the results of our research.他们让我们使用他们的电脑，作为交换，我们给他们提供我们的研究成果。4at war处于交战状态at work在上班at play 在玩at peace 处于和平中at school 在上学at breakfast 在吃早饭at table 在吃饭at desk 在学习at rest 静止 即学即练9(1)The two countries have been at war for years.这两国已经打了好几年仗了。(2) At rest the insect looks like a dead leaf.这种昆虫不动时看上去像一片枯叶。提示：(1)on也可以表示“在中”，常见搭配有：on duty/sale/fire/strike/business/show等。(2)under表示“在中”，常见搭配有：under way/control/repair/construction等。5take apart 拆开，拆散即学即练10(1)The Germans took apart the Amber Room and moved it away.德国人把琥珀屋拆开移走了。拓展：apart 是副词，“相距，相隔；分开，分离；在一边”。还可以构成如下短语：apart from 除以外know/tell. apart 辨认，区别put/set sb./sth. apart (from sb./sth.)使某人/某物显得优越或独特stand apart 分开站live apart 分开住be wide/far apart 相距很远这些短语中，若代词做宾语，要放在动词与 apart 之间。apart from有 besides 和 except 的双重含义。6think highly of 看重；器重think well/much of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价高think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价低(印象不好)think poorly of 不放在眼里；轻视think nothing of 轻视；认为无所谓speak highly of 高度赞扬speak well/ill of 说好/坏think of 想起，记得；觉得怎样think of.as.把当做即学即练11I dont think much of these socalled improvements to the town center.我对这些所谓的改善市中心的措施评价不高。提示：当 think highly/well/much.of用于被动结构时，修饰动词的副词应放在动词之前，即：be highly/well/much thought of。7stand for代表；象征；倡导，支持；容忍，接受即学即练7写出下列stand for的意思。(1)Pine trees stand for courage and strength.(2)We stand for fair competition in the Olympic Games.(3)No one can stand for the way he speaks to his mother.8as well 也；又；还(1)as well 相当于too和 also，用于肯定句中，表示“也，又，而且”，用于句尾。(2)may/might as well 表示委婉的建议，一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议。意思是“我们不妨，我们还是吧”。(3)as well as用做连词，连接两个相当的成分，如名词、形容词、介词、动词等，通常不位于句首。此时 as well as强调的重点在前面，不在后面。连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数与前一个主语保持一致。 (4)as well as做介词，相当于 besides, in addition to，意为“除之外”，后接名词、代词、动名词。(5)as well as表示比较，意为“和一样好”。 即学即练8(1)Im going to London and my sisters going as well.我要去伦敦，我的妹妹也要去。(2)If youre going to the library, I might as well go with you; I have to return this book.如果你去图书馆，我不妨和你一起去，我得去还这本书。提示：(1)和as well as的用法一样，连接主语时，谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致的词或短语还有：with, along with, together with, but, besides, rather than等。如：Mr Brown together with his wife and three children has been in China for three years.布朗先生跟他的妻子和三个孩子已经来中国三年了。(2)not only.but also.可连接各种结构，包括句子，但强调的重点在后面，连接主语时，谓语动词的数与后面的主语一致。如：Not only he but also we are fond of the song.不仅是他，我们也喜欢这首歌。（3）易混易错点拨1. elect/choose/select/pick(1)elect“选举；选择”，指在一定的范围内或有限的数量中，遵照一定的规章或法制，用投票或举手等表决方式，以多数为标准，选举出代表或负责人；也含有为完成某任务而选择适用的人员的意思。(2)choose“挑选；选择”，指从若干人或事物中找出符合要求、满足需要的人或事物。这种选择取决于个人主观意志，带有最终选定的含义。 (3)select“精选”，语气比choose重，而且更正式，强调客观性，挑选对象是同类的。(4)pick常与out连用，有“挑选，选择”之意，指仔细地、精心地选择，带有挑剔意味，有时可与select互换，作“拣出，认出”解。 练习(1)It took her an hour to _ a dress that suited her.(2)Chu has been _ to attend the National Young Leaders Conference.(3)We have _ him chairman.(4)You should _ friends with care.pick(out) selected elected choose2. jewel/jewellery(1)jewel指“宝石，珠宝”，为可数名词。如：valuable jewels“值钱的珠宝”。它也可引申为“被珍视的东西或人”。(2)jewellery也可写做jewelry，为不可数名词，是“珠宝”的总称。 练习(1)He bought a piece of _ for his wife.(2)His wife is a _ to him.jewellery jewel3. remove/moveremove和move都表示“移动”。区别是move强调位置和姿态的改变；remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的地方，有时相当于take away/off。表示“迁居”时，二者均可。 练习(1)What do you advise for _ ink from my clothes?(2)Who _ my cheese?(3)We are _ from London to the country.removing moved moving/removing4. allow/permit/let/admit(1)allow强调“默许”。用法：allow sb. to do/allow doing sth.。(2)permit有时可与allow通用，不过它的语气更强，也更正式，可表示“明文规定允许或不允许”，其用法为：permit sb. doing/permit sb. to do sth.。 (3)let与上面两个可以通用，不过更口语化，而且用法不同，其用法为：let sb. do sth.。(4)admit其实只是表示“允许进入，接收(入学，入会等)”，其用法为：admit sb. to.，这里to是介词。除此之外，admit还可以解释为“承认”。 练习(1)The policeman _ him to park here.(2)We cant stand by and _ such a thing.(3)Women were only _ into the club last year.(4)_ me have a look ，will you?permitted allow admitted Let5. join/join in/join sb. in (doing) sth./take part in/attend(1)join“参加”，指加入党派、社会团体、军队等并成为其中一员。(2)join in表示“参加某种活动”，in可为介词，也可为副词。(3)join sb. in(doing) sth.表示“参加某人所从事的活动”。(4)take part in指参加群众性活动、会议并在其中起作用。take an active part in积极参与。(5)attend是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众。 练习(1)How many countries and areas_ the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing?有多少国家和地区参加了第29届北京奥运会？(2)Many young girls _ aerobics classes to keep slim.很多年轻的姑娘为了保持苗条身材而加入有氧健身班。(3)The meeting was _ by 90% of share holders. 90%的股东出席了会议。(4)Im sure youll all _ wishing Ted and Lawra a very happy marriage.我相信大家会愿意与我一起共祝特德和劳拉喜结良缘。took part in/ join/attended / join me in6. as well/too/also/either这几个词都表示“也”，但用法不同：(1)as well用于肯定句，置于句末。(2)also比较正式，位置通常在主要动词前面或系动词be后面，不放在句末。(3)too多用于口语，位置通常在句末，前面常有逗号；也可以在句中，前后都有逗号。(4)as well, too, also这三个词都不用于否定句，否定句中用either。 练习(1)It wont do them any good, but it wont do them any harm _.(2)I surfed the Internet last night. He did, _.(3)This pen will do _.(4)He _ enjoys playing table tennis in his spare time.either/too/as well/alsoII.重点句型背诵1.could never have imagined为情态动词表推测的用法，can和 could可以用在否定句和疑问句中，后接完成式，表示对已发生的事情的惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等；或接进行时，表示对正发生的事情的惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等；或接原形，表示对现在或一般情况的否定推测。Could/Can he have been told the news?他被告知这个消息了吗？He knew little about Japanese, so he couldnt have learned it. 他对日语一无所知，因此他不可能学过。The light is out. They cant be at home.灯灭着，他们现在不可能在家。拓展：(1)can/could主要用于否定推测；must 表推测只用于肯定句；mustnt表示“禁止；不允许”。情态动词 can和 must表推测时，其反意疑问句的动词形式要依据主句中有无具体时间状语而定。(2)could have done用于肯定句，则表示“本来能够做到却没有做到”，此时 could不能换成 can。It seems that he is unhappy. He must have been told the bad news.看起来他不高兴，他一定已被告知这个坏消息了。He could have caught the early bus, but his bike broke down on the way.他本能够赶上那辆早班车，但是他的自行车在路上坏了。2.remain为系动词，意为“(继续)保持，仍然处于(某种状态)”，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等做表语。Where he has gone remains a mystery.他去哪里了仍然是个谜。Shops remain open till late in the evening.商店营业到晚上很晚。Much work remains undone. 还有大量的工作未做。They remained listening. 他们一直在听。The patient remained in danger. 病人仍处在危险中。That remains to be seen. 那还有待观察。Since its been a secret so long, it had better remain so.既然它已是长时间的秘密，还是继续保密为好。拓展：(1)remain还可用做不及物动词，意为“剩下，还有；(继续)待在某处，继续存在，留下”。Little of the original architecture remains.原来的建筑现在留存的已经很少了。Ill remain to see the end of the game.我将留下看比赛的结果。 (2)辨析 remain/stay/keepremain继续保持或处于原来的状态。stay继续保持或处于原来的状态，与 remain同义，但后面不接 to do或 to be done，多接形容词等构成系表结构。keep需要设法才能保持或处于某种状态。what引导的宾语从句，做介词 in的宾语，同时 what在宾语从句中做 call的间接宾语。what可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句等名词性从句，它的含义也比较广泛，可以指事、物、时间、地点、言语、情况等。The boss seems not satisfied with what we have done.老板似乎对我们所做的事不满意。We waited what seemed two hours.我们等了大约两个小时。Who invented what is called “wheel”？谁发明了叫做“轮子”的东西？3.nor/neither“也不”，置于句首引导分句，句子要用部分倒装。即：“neither/norbe(助动词或情态动词)主语”，表示前面否定的情况也适合于下文另一人或物，相当于 either 用于否定句。当两个主语是同一个人或物时，只能用 nor。She isnt a student; neither/nor is he (he isnt a student, either). 她不是学生，他也不是。I dont know, nor do I care. (nor不能用 neither替换)我不知道，也不关心。拓展：(1)“sobe(助动词或情态动词)主语”，表示上文肯定的情况也适合于下文另外一个人或物。(2)“so主语be(助动词或情态动词)”则表示对前述情况的认同或强调，注意前后是同一主语，意为“的确”“确实”。 (3)So it is (was) with sb. (sth.)或 It is (was) the same with sb. (sth.)用于前面陈述的是两种以上的情况或既有肯定也有否定。He dances well. 他舞跳得好。So do you. 你也跳得好。Its a fine day today. 今天是一个好天。So it is! 今天确实是一个好天！He didnt work hard, so he failed the exam.他不努力学习，所以考试失败了。So it was with me.我也是。III.阅读理解技法每日点拨代词在阅读理解中的两种考法 在阅读理解中我们常常遇到一些代词，如it, they, that, this, which, as, so等，其中it, that, this等代词在语篇中出现的频率较高，它们不仅能起指代作用，用来代替上下文涉及的人、事或物，同时还能起到承上启下，体现文章中各个句子之间的衔接关系。代词一般是“回指”前面提到过的某一事物或内容。如：Our curtains look dirty. They need a good wash.(they回指our curtains)但有时也“预指”后面出现的某一事物或内容。如：I shall say this to you: he is an honest man.(this预指冒号后面的he is an honest man)高考阅读理解中有关代词的指代关系的考查主要有两类：1. 直接要求考生指出代词所指的具体内容。【例1】However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “that” refers to _.A. being good at something B. setting a practical goalC. putting in more time D. succeeding in life【解析】 通读文章可知，that回指前句中的set a goal and then gradually make it more practical，故选B项。【答案】 B2. 间接考查考生对代词指代内容的把握。因为代词在上下文或上下句中起语义的衔接作用，在解答某些细节题时，如果不弄清代词的指代内容，就很难选出正确的答案。解题中，考生需要利用代词的回指或预指来理清上下句的衔接关系，从而找到问题的答案。【例2】 It was hard to lift her. She was just out. But he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the grins and drag her away from the edge. That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt herself being pulled along the ground, and saw someone else holding her purse. When did Lisa become conscious again?A. When the train was leaving.B. After she was back on the platform.C. After the police and fire officials came.D. When a man was cleaning the blood from her head.【答案】 B即学即用1. Valderzak had adjusted to his hearing loss with the help of a special microphone and a crash lesson in lip-reading. But that meant he could only talk to one person at a time. But now he can talk to all four of his kids again. The underlined word “that” refers to “_”.A. hearing lossB. using a special microphoneC. lip-readingD. attending a course on lip reading2. Too many people want others to be their friends, but they dont give friendship back. That is why some friendships dont last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous and be understanding. Some friendships dont last long because _.A. there are too many people who want to make friendsB. some people receive friendship but dont give friendship backC. those who give others friendship receive friendship from othersD. they dont know friendship is something serious3. Two 12-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once theyd rowed b