高中英语 unit 4 astronomythe science of the stars 第3课时 using language课件 新人教版必修3课件

成才之路 英语 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 人教版 必修3(通用本) Astronomy：the science of the stars Unit 4 第三课时 Using Language Unit 4 课堂要点探究2 课堂达标验收3 课后强化作业 4 课前新知预习1 课前新知预习 .单词 速记 1_(n.)万有引力；重力 2_(n.)卫星；人造卫星 3_(n.)气候 4_(vi. now that gravity has changed .课文理解 Step 1 Fast Reading Scan the passage and then choose the best answers according to the passage. 1The passage mainly talks about _. Awhat the moon is Bmy visit to the moon Cthe differences between the earth and the moon DLi Yanping, my friend, who is an astronaut 2When we were going up, we felt _. Awe were pressed against our seats Bwe were lighter than we are on the earth Cas if we were flying Dthe rocket was shaking strongly 3Why cant the spaceship fall back to the earth? ABecause the moons gravity pulls it up. BBecause it is too far away from the earth. CBecause the earth has no gravity. DBecause the spaceship is not very heavy. 4When I was on the moon I felt I was _ than I am on the earth. AslowerBheavier Ccleverer Dlighter 5If a baby is growing on the moon, when he grows up, he will grow _ than he is on the earth. AtallerBshorter CfatterDthinner Step 2 Careful Reading Read the passage and try to find the topic sentence of each paragraph. Paragraph 1：_ Paragraph 2：_ Paragraph 3：_ Paragraph 4：_ 答案：Step 1 15 BABDA Step 2 Paragraph 1：We visited the moon in our spaceship! Paragraph 2：Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me . the most powerful. Paragraph 3：When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately. Paragraph 4：But returning to the earth was very frightening. 课堂要点探究 1.crash vi. its letting the cold in. The police _ the street where the gunman was hiding. 答案：blocks out block up blocked off 5cheer up感到高兴；感到兴奋 ；高兴起来；振奋起来 Guo Chuan cheered up after completing a world sailing. 完成环球航行后，郭川感到很高兴。 When Im feeling sad my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me up. 当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来。 归纳 拓展 (1)cheer.on 为鼓气；向喝彩 (2)cheering adj.能鼓舞人的；使人振作/高兴的 cheerful adj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的 (3)cheers (用于祝酒)干杯；再见 Cheers，my friends. 干杯，朋友们。 巧学助记 感到高兴的cheer 活学活用 用cheer的适当词性或短语填空。 这个令人鼓舞的消息使得这个男孩高兴起来，他的父母也感到高兴。 The _ news made the boy _，which made his parents _ too. 我们所做的是给我们的队加油。 What we had done was to _. 单项填空。 If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters. Abeing cheeredBbe cheered Cto be cheeredDwere cheered 答案：cheering; cheerful; cheer up cheer our team on C 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果他们今晚赢了决赛，所有队员就去 参加由热情的支持者为庆祝他们胜利而举行的环城旅游。由于比赛结果 还不可知，所以这只是一个将来的打算，所以用动词不定式的被动式表 示将来。A、B、D三项均不能表示将来的意义，所以只能选C。 6now that既然 Now that there is a new tunnel，the road is less dangerous. 既然有了一个新的隧道，这条路就不那么危险了。 名师点拨 (1)now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句，相当于since，其中的that可以 省略。 (2)引导原因状语从句的其他连词：since，because，considering(that) ，in that，as等。 Now(that) it benefits us so much，why not have a try? 既然它对我们的好处如此多，为什么不试一试呢？ 活学活用 完成句子。 既然你已经决定去做，那么你就应该把它做好。 _，you should do it well. 既然这个问题已经解决，让我们进入下一个吧。 _，lets come to the next. 单项填空。 Why not change your mind _ you have found that there is something wrong with your plan? Asince thenBnow that Conly ifDso long 答案：Now that you have decided to do it Now that the problem has been settled B 句意：既然你发现了你的计划有问题，为什么不改变主意呢？ now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句。 7break out突发；爆发 We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. 我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。 名师点拨 不被动的break out break out强调战争、疾病、火灾等的突然爆发，一般不用于被动语态。 After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment was damaged. 实验室发生火灾后，很多设备被毁。 归纳 拓展 break down 出故障；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解 break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into 强行闯入；突然起来 break away from 脱离；挣脱 The computer broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. 当他在电脑上查找信息时，电脑突然出故障了。 巧学助记 图记 break短语 活学活用 用break的适当短语填空。 A fighting _ between the two sides. The thief _ my house and stole my money. Our plans have _ due to the bad management. The prisoner _ the policemen and escaped. 单项填空。 When the fire _， many people were shopping in the supermarket. Abroke outBput out Ccame outDgot out (2013福建，28)Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks _in disasters. Aturn down Bturn out Cbreak downDbreak out 答案：broke out broke into broken down broke away from A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当火灾发生时，很多人正在超市里购 物。break out“(战争、火灾、疾病等的)突然发生”；put out“熄灭，扑灭” ；come out“出现，露出，长出”；get out“泄露，被人知道”。 C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当无线网络在灾难中出故障的时候， 老式手机就派上用场了。break down(机器等)坏了，出毛病了，(人)身 体垮了，失败，分解；turn down(将音量等)调低，拒绝；turn out结果是 ，证明是；break out爆发，突然发生。 8watch out for密切注意；当心；提防 Youll be cheated if you dont watch out. 你如果不提防会受骗的。 Watch out for the haze；it may do great harm to us. 当心这种雾霾天气，它可能对我们造成很大损害。 归纳 拓展 (1)watch over 照看；看守 (2)look out 注意；当心 take care 注意；当心 be careful 注意；当心 keep a watch 守望；注视 There must have been an angel watching over me that day. 那天一定有个天使在照看着我。 活学活用 一句多译。 你必须提防野兽(wild animal)。 _(watch v) _(watch n) 单项填空。 While crossing the street, please _ for the coming cars. Awatch outBtake care Cwatch overDbe careful 答案：You must watch out for wild animals. You must keep a good watch for wild animals. A 句意：过马路时，要留心来往的车辆。watch out“注意，当心”， 与介词for连用；take care与be careful后面多与不定式连用；watch over“照看”，为及物动词短语。 9.Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. 上个月，我有幸得到一个机会和我的朋友李彦平，一位天文学家，一起 到太空旅行。 (1)此句为复杂的简单句。 (2)名词短语an astronomer在句中作my friend Li Yanping的同位语。 (3)而句中enough to.是一个固定句式，意为“足够以至于可以 ”。enough往往放在它所修饰的形容词或副词之后，动词不定式用 作结果状语。 His family is not rich enough to afford the expensive tuition. 他的家庭不够富有来支付高昂的学费。 活学活用 完成句子。 There were 20 students chosen to go abroad to study，and I _ be one of them. 有二十个学生被选出到国外学习，我很幸运地成为其中一个。 I dont know him well _. 我和他不够熟，不便请他帮忙。 答案：was lucky enough to enough to ask him for help 10When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths. 当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但是，月球的引 力不像地球的引力那么大。 (1)这是一个含有连词but的并列句；第一分句中含有when引导的时间状 语从句；第二分句中含有“as.as.”句式。 (2)as.as.意为“像一样”，此结构用于否定可用“not as/so .as.”；和单数可数名词连用时，常用“adj.a/an名词as”。 They dont work as/so hard as those in that class. 他们不如那个班的学生勤奋。 He is as clever a boy as his brother. 他和他的哥哥一样是个聪明的男孩。 活学活用 对比填空。 Mary is _ Daisy. 玛丽和戴西一样漂亮。 Mary is _ Daisy. 玛丽和戴西一样是个漂亮的女孩。 答案：as beautiful as as beautiful a girl as 11But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 但当我试图 往前走时，我发现 自己被带到一个相当于地球上两倍远的 地方并且摔倒了。 (1)此句为主从复合句，其中when引导时间状语从句；主句谓语found之 后的宾语从句省略连接词that。 (2)twice as far as.为倍数表达形式，意为“是的两倍远”；as far as.意为“远到”。 Zheng He sailed as far as Madagascar off the coast of Southeast Africa. 郑和航海远达非洲东南海岸旁的马达加斯加岛。 归纳 拓展 倍数表达法 (1)倍数(a quarter, half, twice, three times, etc.)as. as.；倍数as much/many名词as This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座桥的三倍。 Your room is twice as large as mine. 你的房间是我的两倍大。 He received three times as many presents as he had expected. 他收到的礼物是他预料的三倍。 (2)倍数adj./adv.的比较级than；倍数more名词than Asia is three times larger than Europe. 亚洲比欧洲大三倍。 (3)倍数the size/length/width/depth/height/amount of. This river is a quarter the length of that one. 这条河是那条河的四分之一长。 (4)倍数whatclause The production now is three times what it was ten years ago. 现在的产量是10年前的三倍。 (5)by倍数 Compared with that of last year, our coal output has increased by 3 times. 与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了3倍。 活学活用 单项填空。 My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice_expensive. AasBso CtooDvery 答案：A 考查倍数的表达法。句意：“我叔叔在闹市区的房子比我们的 小很多，但是价钱却是我们的两倍”。“A倍数asadj./adv.as B”是 其中一种，此处expensive后面省略了as ours。 According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _ a woman. A. than B. such C. so D. as 答案：D 考查了倍数的表达方法。即“倍数asadj./adv.as”句意为 “根据统计数据，男性死于皮肤癌的可能性比女性大二倍还要多。” Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost_his. Aas much twice as Btwice as much as Cmuch as twice as Das twice much as 答案：B 考查倍数的用法。正确的顺序为：倍数as形容词或副词 as。 课堂达标验收 .单项 填空 1(2014济南高一检测)I hate it when it rains. _！ It will be sunny tomorrow. ACheer up BToo bad CNo way DIm sorry 答案：A 考查交际用语。由答语的第二句可以看出，这里是在鼓励对 方振作起来，所以用cheer up。句意：我讨厌下雨天。振作起 来！明天就是晴天了。 2(2014厦门高一检测) With the weather becoming hotter and hotter, we need curtains to _ the sunshine. Ablock up Bblock out Cbreak out Dbreak up 答案：B 句意：随着天气变得越来越热，我们需要窗帘来挡住阳光。 block up“塞住”；block out“挡住(光线)”；break out“战争、火灾、疾病 等”突然发生”；break up“解散，分手”。 3(2014宿州高一检测)What did the shopkeeper say when you said the sweater was too expensive? She said the sweater of this kind in other shops might be cheaper but _. Anot so better Btoo worse Cnot good as Dnot as good 答案：D 考查比较级。so不能和比较级连用，排除A；too不能修饰比 较级，排除B；C项的语序不对；not as good是比较级的省略形式，补 全后为：but is not as good as the sweater in her shop。 4What does the model plane look like? The wings of the plane are _ of its body. Amore than the length twice Btwice more than the length Cmore than twice the length Dmore twice than the length 答案：C 句意：那个飞机模型是什么样子的？机翼的长度比 机身长度的两倍还要长。more than多于，应放在倍数前，排除B、D两 项；再由倍数表达法“倍数the表度量的名词of”短语可知，选C。 5(2014哈尔滨高一检测)It was not until then _ their relationship was _ because they had quarreled with each other several times. Adid I realize; breaking out Bthat I realized; breaking up Cdid I realize; breaking up Dthat I realized; breaking out 答案：B 考查强调句和动词短语辨析。第一个空考查强调句型中的that ，这里不用倒装；第二个空考查break up“破裂”，而break out“突然爆发” ，不符合句意。 6_ you have such a unique chance, you should seize it without any hesitation. AAs far as BIn case CNow that DEven though 答案：C 句意：你既然有如此难得的机会，一定要毫不犹豫地抓住它 。now that“既然；由于”，符合句意。as far as“远到”；in case“以防 ；万一”；even though“尽管；即使”。 7Mr. Wu had fought with his illness hard, but unfortunately he could not _. Apull out Bpull through Cpull up Dpull down 答案：B 考查pull短语。句意：吴先生与疾病做艰苦斗争，但不幸的是 ，他最终没有挺过来。pull out抽出，取出；pull through康复；pull up停 车；pull down拆除。 8Mum likes this old house in downtown better than the huge one in the country, but it costs almost _. Atwice as much Btwice as many Ctwice so much Dtwice so many 答案：A 考查倍数表达法。本句的后半句所要表达的意思是市中心的 这所老房子的价格几乎是乡村的那所大房子的价格的两倍，故答案为A ，相当于“but it costs almost twice as much as the huge one in the country”。 9In the street in front of the school，there happened a serious car _ the other day. Acrash Bbreak Cstrike Dconflict 答案：A 句意：前几天在学校前面的路上发生了一起严重的撞车事故 。crash的意思是“相撞”，符合句意。break中断，休息；strike罢工，袭 击；conflict冲突。 10In some countries poisonous snakes can be used to_ the jewels in shops