高考英语备考 中等生百日捷进提升系列 专题15 完形填空记叙类（含解析）

在学生就要走出校门的时候，班级工作仍要坚持德育先行，继续重视对学生进行爱国主义教育、集体主义教育、行为规范等的教育，认真落实学校、学工处的各项工作要求专题15 完形填空-记叙类 完形填空题要求考生具备的能力之一就是“正确的阅读理解能力”，同时，还要具备扎实的语法、词汇和文化知识的综合积淀，是一种全面考查考生语言运用能力的题型。针对以上我们对完形填空试题的题型分析，答题时考生可以从如下几个方面入手做出正确的选择：一、树立语篇意识，解决局部问题每篇完形填空都围绕一个主题展开，其结构严谨，上下文互为映衬，前后照应，所以在解决局部问题时，考生要树立牢固的语篇意识，遵循从“整体-局部-整体”这个解决问题的规律，不要把注意力孤立地局限在句子层面上，而要从段落或整篇文章入手，整体把握文章的内容，结合上下文，寻找答案的线索。（参考题型分类四） 二、借助逻辑连词，推敲前后文意英文中的逻辑连词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。常用的逻辑连词主要有：（1）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等；（2）短语，如in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等；（3）分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑连词对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设的。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑连词，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。（参考题型分类四） 三、通达文章语境，明辨词语差异 高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。（参考题型分类一） 四、活用知识积累，甄别习惯搭配 词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。（参考题型分类一） 五、联系生活常识，再现相关情景 完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文或叙议结合、富有哲理的论说文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生生活。考生在解题时，可以根据生活常识或结合常识身临其境地想像当时的情景，从而做出正确的判断。例如： The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to 31 the seats, settled in one of them.31.A. touch B .grab C .count D .feel【解析】D考查常识理解。考生要知道盲人是看不见的，所有的动作都是靠摸索的，据此可知应该选择“feel”(摸索，感知),而不应该是“有目的”地去“touch”（触碰）；32.A.weakness B . sickness C .darkness D .sadness【解析】C考查常识理解。盲人陷入到黑暗的世界，这种表达在中文里面我们也使用，所以明显应该是“a world of darkness”；六、了解文化背景，克服母语干扰 完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识。有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确解题。 总之，要提高完形填空的解题水平，考生除必须掌握一定的语法、词汇知识外，还有赖于提高阅读理解能力。因为只有看懂了短文才能确定正确答案。另外考生还要有计划地多做一些完形填空的练习，逐渐增加训练的频度，提高训练的难度，通过训练提高阅读理解能力，做到能根据短文所给线索和信息进行分析、推理、归纳、判断，进一步提高词语辨析和灵活运用的能力。只有通过平时多读多练，不断拓宽知识面，进一步了解英美风土人情等有关文化背景知识，熟练掌握英语习惯用语的表达等，才能为正确完成完形填空试题提供前提保障。体验高考1.【2015北京】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。A Welcome Gift Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 37 filled the room and made them feel very happy. The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Darios mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 40 people and he couldnt imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41 and apologize for their playing.“Maybe we could go and 42 everyone in person.” his mother said.“What if we invited them to come here for a 43 instead? Dario asked.They both loved the 44 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 45 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights. Finally, the day of the party 46 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 47 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 48 Darios mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 49 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you dont think I disliked the playing.” Darios mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 50 you an apology.” she said. “I didnt 51 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night. “You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 52 music.”“These songs are beautiful music.” Darios mother said. “We will be 53 to play them in the evening.”“And we wont play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to 54 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mothers face. It gave him a feeling of 55 and made him feel that they were home at last.36.A. satB. stoodC. layD. walked37.A. voice B. ringC. musicD. cry38.A. therefore B. howeverC. otherwiseD. instead39.A. note B. posterC. billD. report40.A. proudB. richC. luckyD. nice41.A. neighbors B. friendsC. relativesD. audience42.A. blameB. instructC. questionD. visit43.A. party B. concertC. showD. play44.A. experienceB. ideaC. performanceD. action45.A. toB. withC. forD. from46.A. continued B. arrivedC. passedD. finished47.A. orderB. sellC. shareD. advertise48.A. treatedB. presentedC. helpedD. served49. A. promisedB. admittedC. agreedD. worried50. A. giveB. sendC. offerD. owe51. A. realizeB. rememberC. understandD. accept52. A. sweetB. strangeC. funnyD. loud53. A. brave B. sorryC. happyD. afraid54. A. changingB. practicingC. recording D. writing55. A. equalityB. freedom C. warmthD. sympathy37. C 考查名词辨析。A. voice声音；B. ring铃声；C. music音乐；D. cry哭声。考查前文细节jazzmusic的原词复现，是音乐充满了房间。故选C。38. B 考查副词辨析。A. therefore因此，所以；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. instead代替。通过上一段的欢乐幸福气氛和下文的幸福一下子disappeared的强烈对比可知，本处需要一个逻辑关系为转折的副词，故选B。39. A 考查名词辨析。A. note笔记；B. poster海报；C. bill账单；D. report报告。本题是一道同义词复现题，通过文章倒数第5段处得知，是由Mrs.Gilbert留了一张字条，故选A。40. D 考查形容词辨析。A. proud骄傲的，自豪的；B. rich富裕的；C. lucky幸运的；D. nice美好的，愉快的。主人公想向管理员咨询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，由转折词But可知管理者也并不能指出，由此可知大家通常都是通情达理的，故选D。41. A 考查名词辨析。A. neighbors邻居们；B. friends朋友们；C. relatives亲属，亲戚；D. audiences听众。此题线索明显，全文都是围绕主人公和周围邻居展开的，故选A。42. D 考查动词辨析。A. blame归咎于，指责；B. instruct通知，命令；C. question询问，质问；D. visit参观，拜访。由上文可知，母子两人对于扰民之事十分抱歉，想要去道歉，因此“指责”、“指导”和“质问”都不符合语境，故选D。43. A 考查名词辨析。A. party聚会；B. concert音乐会；C. show展览；D.play游戏，比赛。此题为线索题且为原词复现，由后文可知母子为解决此事办了一场派对，并邀请了邻居们，故选A。44. B 考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. idea主意；C. performance表演；D. action行为。此题可排除得知，母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演表现或行为。故选B。45. C 考查介词辨析。A. to到；B. with伴随着；for为了；D. from来自。母子办派对，准备了甜点是为了招待客人们，介词for有表“为了”的含义，故选C。46.B 考查动词辨析。A. continue继续；B. arrive到达；C. pass通过；D. finish完成。根据上文，他们举办了一次聚会，准备许久，这一天终于到来了，故选B。 47.C 考查动词辨析。A. order命令，点菜；B. sell买；C. share分享；D. advertise做广告。根据本句话的意思：甚至有人带了甜点来分享，故选C。48. B 考查动词辨析。A. treat招待，治疗；B. present呈现；C. help帮助；D. serve为服务。这道题有难度，根据本句话的意思：Mrs.Gilbert送给了Dario的妈妈一本音乐书，能表达出“送”这个动作的，就是present“呈现，给”，故选B。49. D 考查动词辨析。A. promise承诺；B. admit许可进入；C. agree同意；D. serve服务。根据题意，Mrs.Gilbert之所以留了一张抱怨小纸条是担心每天晚上都会这么吵，故选D。50. D 考查动词辨析。A. give给；B. send发送；C. offer提供；D. owe感激，欠债。这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb. an apology 应该向某人道歉。故选D。51. A 考查动词辨析。A. realize意识到；B. remember记起；C. understand 理解，懂的；D. accept 接受。Dario的妈妈道歉说：我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。应该选择“意识到”这个动词，故选A。52. D 考查形容词辨析。A. sweet甜的；B. strange奇怪的，陌生的；C. funny滑稽的；D. loud 声音大的，吵闹的。根据上一句：I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.说明Mrs. Gilbert 不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了Dario的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐(not such loud music)。故选D。53. C 考查形容词辨析。A. brave勇敢的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. happy快乐的；D. afraid害怕的。通过上文：These songs are beautiful music, 说明Dario的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所以we will be happy to play them。故选C。【考点定位】故事类阅读【名师点睛】文章讲述了“由于弹钢琴打扰邻居休息，作者邀请邻居到家里聚会并道歉，进而得到了邻居的谅解”。文章脉络清晰难度适中，场景也并不陌生。考生只要真正读懂文章，并牢牢把握上下索可。题目考查数量为动词9题，名词6题，形容词3题，副词1题，介词1题。考生在答题时，名词类题目需重点关注复现及上下文对应，动词题需关注动作的先后顺序及与其他词性的搭配，形容词与副词题即需要关注对应的感情色彩，所以做好完形填空需要注重细节问题。2.【2015陕西】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his 26 and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?” I was 27 to do it. At age five , this dull task brought me such 28 . I would excitedly turn the tap 29 and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that Id done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would 30 affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet. Two years later, Dad started his own 31 , which wasnt doing so well. That was when things started to 32 . Dad didnt come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became 33 with him for placing our family in trouble. With 34 , an uncomfortable silence grew between us. After my graduation, Dads business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home 35 . As usually I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said ,“Hey, would you help me 36 my comb?” I looked at him a while, then 37 the comb and headed to the sink. It hit me then: why, as a child, 38 Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine(习惯) meant Dad was home early to 39 the evening with Mum and me. It 40 a happy and loving family. I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and 41 placed his comb on his wallet. But this time , I noticed something 42 . Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, 43 his smile was still as 44 as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good 45 for his family.26. A. bag B. wallet C. comb D. brush27. A. annoyed B. relieved C. ashamed D. pleased28. A. joy B. sadness C. courage D. pain 29. A. out B. over C. in D. on 30. A. stare B. smile C. shout D. laugh31. A. family B. business C. task D. journey 32. A. progress B. change C. improve D. form33. A.satisfied B. delighted C. mad D. strict 34. A. time B. patience C. speed D. ease35. A. occasionally B. early C. frequently D. rarely36. A. sharply B. repair C. clean D. keep37. A. dropped B. took C. handed D. threw38. A. watching B. letting C. helping D. hearing 39. A. find B. lose C. waste D. spend 40. A. affected B. broke C. meant D. supported 41. A. firmly B. hurriedly C. casually D. carefully42. A. different B. exciting C. interesting D. urgent43. A. for B. or C. so D. yet 44. A. convincing B. heartwarming C. cautious D. innocent45. A. origin B. life C. reputation D. education 27D考查形容词以及对语境的理解。Aannoyed生气的；Brelieved轻松的；Cashamed羞愧的； Dpleased高兴的。根据下文的：I would excitedly turn the tap。因此可以看出作者很高兴这么做，选D。28A考查名词以及对语境的理解。Ajoy快乐；Bsadness悲伤；Ccourage勇气；Dpain痛苦。根据下文的：I would excitedly turn the tap。因此可以看出这个枯燥的任务给我带来了这样的快乐。故选A。29D考查短语以及对语境的理解。Aturn out结果是；Bturn over翻转；Cturn in上交；Dturn on打开。因为是清理梳子，可知是打开水龙头。选D。30B考查动词以及对语境的理解。Ashare分享；Bsmile微笑；Cshout叫喊；Dlaugh笑。上文介绍作者高兴地接受爸爸的任务，将梳子清理干净，爸爸当然会笑了。故选B。31B考查名词以及对语境的理解。Afamily家庭；Bbusiness商业；Ctask任务； Djourney旅程。根据下文的句子Dads business was getting back on track,可知这里是说爸爸自己创业。故选B。32B考查名词以及对语境的理解。Aprogress进步；Bchange改变；Cimprove提高；Dform形式。根据下文的：Dad didnt come home as early and as much as he used to,可知事情发生了变化。选B。33C考查形容词以及对语境的理解。Asatisfied满意的；Bdelighted高兴的；Cmad疯狂的，生气的； Dstrict严格的。建议：我和我妈妈因为他使家庭陷入困境对他生气。选C。34A考查名词以及对语境的理解。Atime时间；Bpatience耐心；Cspeed速度； Dease轻松。随着时间的过去，一种不舒服的沉默在我们之间滋长。选A。35B考查副词以及对语境的理解。Aoccasionally偶然地；Bearly早地；Cfrequently频繁地；Drarely罕见地。根据下文的：Dad was home early可知在作者过生日的时候，爸爸早早回来了。选B。36C考查动词以及对语境的理解。Asharpen削尖；Brepair修理；Cclean打扫；Dkeep保持。根据上文的：help Daddy clean it，可知爸爸这次又让作者帮他清理梳子。选C。37B考查动词以及对语境的理解。Adrop扔掉，掉落；Btake拿；Chand递；Dthrow扔掉。作者看了爸爸一会，拿上梳子，走向水池，选B。38 C 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。Awatch观看；Blet让；Chelp帮助；Dhear听见。根据上文的：help Daddy clean it，可知作者小时候经常帮助爸爸清理梳子。选C。39D考查动词以及对语境的理解。Afind发现；Blose失去；Cwaste浪费； Dspend度过。我小时候很高兴帮爸爸清理梳子，因为这意味着爸爸可以早早回来和妈妈和我一起度过夜晚，故选D。40C考查动词以及对语境的理解。Aaffect影响；Bbreak破坏；Cmean意味着； Dsupport支持。根据上文内容可知爸爸早早回来陪我和妈妈这意味着一个幸福的家庭。选C。41D考查副词以及对语境的理解。Afirmly坚定地；Bhurriedly匆忙地；Ccasually随意地；Dcarefully仔细地。我将清理好的梳子递给爸爸，爸爸向我微笑，仔细地将它放进钱包。选D。42A考查形容词以及对语境的理解。Adifferent不同的；Bexciting令人兴奋的；Cinteresting有趣的； Durgent紧急的。根据下文的：Dad has aged.可知作者注意到不同的事情。 选A。43D考查连词以及对语境的理解。Afor因为；Bor或者；Cso因此；Dyet然而。他微笑的时候眼睛周围有皱纹，然而他的微笑还是和以前一样暖心，所以选D。44B考查形容词以及对语境的理解。Aconvincing令人幸福的；Bheartwarming暖心的；Ccautious谨慎的； Dinnocent天真的。根据上文的句子：He would _ affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.可知爸爸看着女儿的微笑是温暖人心的，选B。45B考查名词以及对语境的理解。Aorigin起源；Blife生活；Creputation名声；Deducation教育。这是希望家人过幸福生活的爸爸的微笑。选B。【考点定位】人生百味类完形填空【名师点睛】这篇文章难度适中，故事内容体现了父女之间，家人之间爱的传递。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。这个文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。3.【2015重庆】A When Alice was sixteen, I was the one who wanted to run away from home. It was 16 to see the changes coming over her. She skipped school, and refused to communicate. I tried being firm, but it didnt 17. I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter. One school day Alice returned home very late. With a quarrel in view. I was surprised to see Alice was 18.“I hope I did the right thing, Mom,”“Alice said. I saw a cat, all bloody but alive. I 19 it to the vets(宠物医院), and was asked to make payment 20 . As I couldnt reach anyone at the phone number on the cats tag(标牌), I had to pay the bill.” In the following days, the owner still couldnt be 21. Alice paid the vet to continue treatment. I grew 22: what if the family had simply left the cat behind? A week went by. A woman called to speak to Alice.“She is at school,” I said.“You have a 23 daughter,” she said, apparently in tears. Her family had just returned from abroad, and got a (n) 24 from the vet. Their cat was recovering, thanks to Alices 25. “We cant wait to hug Cuddles again,” she sobbed. Upon her return home, Alice was filled with 26 at the news. So was I. I learned through another womans eyes that my daughter was still a good person despite her 27 teenage years. Her warm heart would surely guide her in the right direction. 16. A. pleasantB. painfulC. unwiseD. inspiring 17. A. remainB. matchC. appearD. work18. A. annoyedB. amusedC. worriedD. interested19. A. carriedB. followedC. returnedD. guided20. A. monthlyB. honestlyC. generouslyD. immediately21. A. trustedB. contactedC. persuadedD. satisfied22. A. activeB. rudeC. anxiousD. proud23. A. prettyB. gratefulC. wonderfulD. curious24. A. apologyB. invitation C. messageD. reply25. A. suggestionB. donationC. encouragement D. help26. A. loveB. angerC. regretD. joy27. A. troubledB. longC. boringD. quiet【解析】试题分析：本文讲述的是作者对于处于叛逆期的女儿很是头疼，通过女儿救助小猫的事看到虽然会有一些问题但女儿还是很好的。16.B 考查形容词辨析Apleasant B painful C unwise D inspiring 根据第一句话提到wanted to ran away form home可知看到女儿即将到来的变化是十分痛苦的，故选B项。 17.D 考查动词辨析 A remain保持； B match匹配； C appear 出现；D work 工作；根据句意可知我一直很强硬但没有作用可知选D项。 18.C 考查形容词辨析。A annoyed 恼怒的；B amused娱乐的； C worried 担心的；D interested 有兴趣的；根据下文提到I hope I did the right thing Mom可知是脸上写满了担心，故选C项。19.A 考查动词辨析。A carried携带； B followed 跟着；C returned返回； D guided指导； 根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知carry sb to some place带某人去某处，故选选A项。20.D 考查副词辨析。A monthly 按月；B honestly诚实地； C generously慷慨地； D immediately 立即；根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知选D项。21.B 考查动词辨析。A trusted信任； B contacted联系； C persuaded 说服D satisfied 满意；句意：接下来的几天，主人仍然没有联系上。Be contracted 被联系上，故选B项。22.C 考查形容词辨析。A active 积极的话 B rude粗鲁的； C anxious焦虑的； D proud骄傲的；根据Alice paid the vet to continue treatment 继续支付治疗费用可知我变得焦虑起来，故选C项。23.C 考查形容词辨析。A pretty漂亮的话； B grateful感激的； C wonderful 好的；D curious 好奇的；根据女儿所做的这些善良的举动可知你有个好女儿，故选C项。24.C 考查名词辨析。A apology道歉； B invitation 邀请赛 C message 信息；D reply回应； 句意：他的家人刚从国外回来，得到宠物医院给的消息，可知选C项。25.D 考查名词辨析。A suggestion建议； B donation捐献物 C encouragement 鼓励的 D help 帮助某人 根据猫痊愈了，是因为女儿的帮助，故选D项。【考点定位】人生百味类短文【名师点睛】本文主要是测试学生综合运用语言的能力，即从语篇的角度综合测试阅读理解能力，词汇的掌握，以及讲法规则的运用。做题时，时刻从上下文考虑，不不应该只看到所添的词在短语或句子内是否可行。因此，在做题时最好将全文通读一下，了解了全文的意思以后再作答，不要急于一次做出全部的选项。4.【2015新课标全国I】完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ _41_ my job. Family to Feed.”At this store, a _42_ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a _43_ on how bad it must be to have to stand _44_ in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to _45_ something they thought our “friend” there would _46_. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a _47_. I thought about it. We were _48_ on cash ourselves, but well, sometimes _49_ from our need instead of our abundance is _50_ what we need to do! All the kids _51_ something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of _52_, he lit up and thanked us with _53_ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _54_his family might need, he burst into tears.This has been a wonderful _55_ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can _56_! Things would have played out so _57_ if I had simply said, “No, we really dont have _58_ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in _59_, it also gave my kids the _60_ taste of helping others. Itll go a long way with them.41. A. LostB. ChangedC. QuitD. Finished42. A conditionB. placeC. sightD. show43. A. suggestionB. commentC. decisionD. call44. A. outsideB. proudlyC. byD. angrily45. A. drawB. sayC. arrangeD. p