中考英语第一部分基础知识梳理七下unit5课件

七年级 (上) Unit 5 中考目标导航 重点单词 词汇拓展 短语与句型 重难点讲练 考点1 常见频度副词的用法 考点5 辨析talk, say, tell与speak 考点4 辨析listen, hear与sound 考点3 辨析watch, read, look与see 考点2 交通工具的表达方式 考点7 辨析v.ing形容词与v.ed形容词 考点6 make的用法 考点11 辨析between与among 考点10 辨析because与because of 考点9 辨析few, a few, little与a little 考点8 辨析borrow, lend, keep与return 高频话题作文指南 重难点讲练 always/ usually/often/sometimes/seldom/hardly /never这些副词均表示频度，在句中的位置一般在实 义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。让我 们用百分比来表示频度副词的频率大小： 常见频度副词辨析 always usually often sometimes hardly never 100% 90% 60% 40% 5% 0% 总是 通常 经常 有时 几乎不 从不 【现学现用】 1. My father likes driving to work, but he s _ goes by bike. 2. Whenever my friends have problems, my door is always open to them. _ 3. 我几乎不吃垃圾食品，因为它对我的身体有害。 _ ometimes 无论何时我的朋友有问题，我的门一直为他们敞开。 I hardly eat junk food because it is bad for my body. take+冠词+交通工具，如：take a taxi， take a car， take a bus， take a train， take a ship， take the subway等。但“骑自行车”要用 ride a bike。如： You can take a bus to go there.你可以乘坐 公交车去那里。 交通工具的表达方式 by+交通工具，如：by bus, by boat, by plane等。此时，既不能在名词前加限定词， 也不能把名词改为复数形式。如： My brother goes to school by bike.我哥哥 骑自行车去上学。 当交通工具前有限定词（冠词或物主代词 等）时用in/on+冠词+交通工具。in接小型交通 工具，如：in a car。on接大型交通工具，骑自 行车除外。如：on a bus， on ones bike。如： Shell go to Beijing on a plane.她将乘飞机 去北京。 表示“步行”，除了可以用动词walk之外， 还可以用介词短语on foot。 注意 【现学现用】 4. The old couple enjoyed traveling _ (坐火车). by train 5. I prefer to _（乘公交车）, because it causes less pollution. 6. 我住在学校附近，所以我通常步行去上学。 _ _ take a bus I live near the school, so I usually go to school on foot. 辨析watch, read, look与see讲 解详见本书P4 【现学现用】 7. My father seldom plays chess, but he likes to _ (看) others play it. 8. Please raise your head and _ at the blackboard, and listen to me carefully. watch look 辨析listen, hear, 与sound讲解详见本书P4 三者均表示“听”，具体区别如下： 词汇词汇用法例句 listen 常与to连用，listen to 人或物，表示专心致 志地听。强调听的动 作，也可单独使用，以 提醒对方注意，指有意 识地“留神听”。 We must listen to the teacher carefully in class. 我们在课堂上必须认真听 老师讲课。Listen! There is someone playing the piano in the next room.听！有人 在隔壁房间弹钢琴。 hear 听到、听见，着重听 的结果。hear sb. do sth.听到某人做某事 的全过程；hear sb. doing sth.听到某人 正在做某事。 We often hear her sing this song.我们经常听到 她唱这首歌。 I hear a girl singing a song in the classroom.我 听到一个女孩正在教室 里唱歌。 sound 听起来。作系动词， 后常接形容词作表语 。也可跟介词like。 That sounds like a good idea.那听起来是个好主 意。 【现学现用】 9. All of us were _ (听) the interesting story told by my grandpa at that time. 10. When the teacher walked past the classroom, she heard the students _ (discuss) a problem. 11. Janes suggestion sounded like a good one, so we took it. _ listening to discussing 简的建议听起来不错，因此我们采纳了它。 辨析talk, say, tell与speak讲解详见本书P5 12. Our teachers always tell us not _(talk) in class and that we should listen to them care fully. 13. I would like to _(说) that this is the most wonderful gift I have ever received. 【现学现用】 to talk say make的用法(2014年29题) 如： The result of the match made us excited. 比赛的 结果令我们激动不已。 We made him the captain of our football team. 我 们推选他为我们足球队的队长。 Little Tom was made to finish his homework on time. 小汤姆被要求按时完成他的作业。 【现学现用】 14. The students in this school are made _ （wear）school uniforms on Monday. 15. 这条好消息使米莉的妈妈感到高兴。 _ _ to wear This piece of good news makes Millies mother happy. 辨析v.ing形容词与v.ed形容词 辨析意义义和用法 v.ing 形容词 一般用来形容“物体本身具有的性 质”，表示“令人的”。主语一 般是物。 v.ed 形容词 一般用来形容“人的感受”，表示“ 感到的”。主语一般是人。 拓展：常见v.ing和v.ed形容词及其词组总结如下： v. ingv.ed相关词组词组 interestinginterested be interested in 对感兴趣 excitingexcitedbe excited about 对感到兴奋 surprisingsurprised be surprised at 对感到惊奇 amazingamazedbe amazed at 对感到惊讶 pleasingpleasedbe pleased with 对感到满意 【现学现用】 16. Im _(excite) about the news that you won the first prize in the English Speech Competition. 17. The movie The Pursuit of Happiness was so _ (move) that I couldnt help crying. 18. 玛丽对收集硬币很感兴趣。 _ excited moving Mary is very interested in collecting coins. 辨析borrow, lend, keep与return 词汇词汇含义义用法 borrow借入 非延续性动词，表示主语向别人借 东西，常用结构：borrow sth. from sb.或borrow sb. sth. lend借出 非延续性动词，表示主语把东西借 给别人，常用结构：lend sb. sth.或 lend sth. to sb. keep 借(多久 ) 延续性动词，表示“借某物多长 时间”，可以与“for一段时间 ”或how long连用 retur n 归还 非延续性动词，表示主语把东 西归还给某人，相当于“give back”，常用结构：return sth. to sb. 【现学现用】 19. Every student at this school is welcomed to _ （借）any books from the library. 20. 我可以把我的自行车借给你，但是你必须在下周日 之前归还它。 _ _ borrow I can lend you my bike, but you must return it before next Sunday. 21. Ive had very _(很少) sleep these days, so Im pretty tired in the day. 22. The temperature was about 40 yesterday, so there were _ people on the street at noon. 辨析few, a few, little与a little讲 解 详见本书P13 【现学现用】 little few 辨析because与because of 词汇词汇用法例句 because 连词，后面接原因状语从句。 不可与so连用。常用来回答以 why开头的问句。 I didnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive.我没有 买那件衬衫，因为它太贵了 。 because of 介词短语，后面接名词(短语) 、代词或动名词等。 They didnt go shopping because of the rain.因为下雨 ，他们没去购物。 两者都意为“因为”，具体区别如下： 【现学现用】 23. We have to put off our sports meeting _ (因为)the bad weather. 24. He was absent from the meeting yesterday because he was ill. _ because of 他昨天缺席了会议，因为他生病了。 辨析between与among 词汇词汇含义义及用法 between 表示“介于(两者)之间”，可以和 and搭配，between.and.表示“在 和之间” among 表示“在(三者或三者以上的人或物)中， 之一” 【现学现用】 25. I want to be a teacher because I like children and I can feel happy _ (在之间) them. 26. 你最好在工作与玩耍之间保持一个平衡。 _ among Youd better keep a balance between work and play. 高频话题作文指南 校园生活 从衡阳及全国近七年“校园生活”相关话题 书面表达的命题来看，通常有以下五种设题角 度： 1. 学生的学习生活；2. 学校的各种活动；3. 对 校园活动或学生行为的看法或建议；4. 学校的 校纪班规；5. 学生在学校遇到的问题及解决方 案。 【仿写与运用】 1. 示例：Whether we will climb the mountain or not depends on the weather. 仿写句：你是否能完成这项任务取决于你所 获得的知识。 _ _ Whether you can complete the task or not dep ends on the knowledge you have got. 2. 示例：We should be friendly to and get on well with others. 仿写句：我们应该尊重老师并和同学友好 相处。 _ _ We should respect our teachers and get on well with our classmates. 3. 示例：I am very happy to have the chance to show my plan for the graduation ceremony. 仿写句：能有机会在这么多学生面前演讲， 我感到很激动。 _ I feel very excited to have the chance to make a speech in front of so many students. 1. welcome to欢迎来到 2. take part in 参加 3. in public 在公共场合 4. on duty值日 5. be responsible for对负责 6. obey the school rules遵守校规 7. cheer up使高兴，使兴奋 【词语速记】 8. be busy with.忙于 9. keep quiet 保持安静 10. be polite to 对有礼貌 11. look forward to期望 12. say goodbye to向告别 13. ask sb. for help=turn to sb.向某人求助 14. a great way to do sth.做某事的一个好方法 【好句积累】 开头句： 1. My junior school life is coming to an end. I have a lot of sweet memories. 2. My threeyear life in junior high school is very busy and colorful. 3. As a student in Grade 9, Id like to share my learning experience with you. 4. Theres a sports meeting in our school every year. Its one of the most popular activities for us. 5. Im glad/Its my honor to tell you something about how we study in class. 6. As middle school students, we should obey every rule, especially the school rules. 中间句： 学生的学习与生活 1. Studying grammar and listening to English songs are great ways to learn English well. 2. Last Friday, our class held a meeting about our dreams. 3. The harder you work, the better grades you will get. 4. We told him to listen and speak as much as possible, take notes in class and keep a diary every day in English. 5. Listening to the teachers carefully in class is the most important thing. 6. Life goal is just like a lamp which always guides you in darkness. 7. There are many activities in our school, such as sporting, painting competitions and help eachother activities. 8. Last weeks talent show in our class was a great success. 学校的各种活动 9. Our school organizes the school trip regularly every year. 10. We set up some clubs, and we can have art festivals once a term. 11. In order to keep the classroom clean, students cant eat anything in the classroom. 12. I think the activities are not only good for our health, but also good for our study. 13. Besides, you should plan your time carefully because you will have much more homework than before. 对校园活动或学生行为的看法或建议 14. No one has the ability to win the game for the team. Only if the team works together does a team win. 15. We are (not) allowed to use cellphones in class. 16. We mustnt run in the hallways. 17. In order to keep us grow safely, our school has made many safety rules for us to follow. 学校的校纪班规 18. We should try to find the right methods to solve them. 19. We can collect the problems we havent worked out correctly. 20. Some students have difficulties in learning English, then they can ask their teachers for help. 21. It is not enough to just study hard, and you need to improve yourself in many ways. 学生在学校遇到的问题及解决方案 结尾句： 1. If everyone makes a contribution to our school, it will be more beautiful. 2. This is the most unforgettable sport that I have ever played. 3. I hope this idea will be taken into account and Id like to know more suggestions, which will add color to our life at school for sure. 4. In a word, we not only learn knowledge from books, but also exercise our other abilities. 5. All in all, Ive learned more than I can say. Ill value it forever. 6. In my opinion, we can get a lot from sports. (2010衡阳) 同学们，我们已经过了多年的学校生活，学校生 活有时是快乐的，有时是忙碌的，有时是假设 你是Li Tao,请以“My school life”为题，给你在美国 的网友Jack写一封电子邮件，介绍你的学习生活， 信的开头和结尾已给出，80词左右，文中不可出现 真实的人名、地名、校名等。 Dear Jack， Hi, Im Li Tao, a student of Class 6, Grade 9. My school life is _ _ _ Sincerely, Li Tao 【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息： 1.本文要求写一封邮件，为应用文，人称以第一人称 为主; 2.介绍自己的学校生活，时态应用一般现在时; 3.尽量全面地写出自己丰富多彩的校园生活，快乐 的、忙碌的