高考英语二轮复习 专题限时集训18 阅读理解训练4 推理判断题（）

系统掌握蕴含其中的马克思主义立场观点方法，要在系统学习、深刻领会、科学把握习近平教育思想上下功夫。精心组织开展学习宣传贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神知识问答活动。专题限时集训(十八)阅读理解训练4推理判断题()A(2016昆明质检)Earlier this year，I won an international science fair.And ever since then，people have been asking me，“ How on earth could a fifteenyearold have developed a new way to attack pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer？” My response：“A year and a half of hard work and millions and millions of failures.” Recently I have invented a paper sensor(试纸) for pancreatic and other cancers.It is over 40 times more sensitive than the current method of detection.The best part is that it costs only three cents，and takes only five minutes.What got me interested in this was that a close family friend，who was like an uncle to me，had died of the disease.What I found online was that about 85% of pancreatic cancer was discovered late.In addition，detection was pricy.It cost 800 dollars and it was not covered by insurance plans.Then I thought there had to be a better way.It would have to be inexpensive，rapid，simple and sensitive.I began looking at research on the Internet.I started with a database of over 8，000 different proteins(蛋白质)Fortunately，after 4，000 tries，I finally noticed this protein called mesothelin(间皮素)If you have pancreatic cancer，the mesothelin level will be extremely high in your blood stream.Then I started to focus on how to detect this protein.Eventually I got this small paper sensor which has nearly 100% accuracy.Through this I have learned a very important lesson.That is，through the Internet anything is possible.So if I could do research on Google and Wikipedia when I was fifteen years old，I imagine you could do it.本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己发明的能快速、准确检测出胰腺癌的试纸的过程告诉我们：成功不是轻而易举就能得到的，而是经过千百次实验、一步步尝试才能得到的。1What happened when the author was 15 years old?A. His uncle died of pancreatic cancer.BHe won an international biology competition.CHe discovered a protein named mesothelin.DHe developed a new way to detect pancreatic cancer.D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句及下文作者所发明的试纸可知，作者在15岁时发明了一种检测胰腺癌的新方法。故选D。2We can infer from the text that the author .A. doesnt believe everything on the webBdoesnt think his success came easyCinvented the paper sensor by chanceDenjoys hard work and failuresB推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者努力研究了很长时间，经历了无数次的失败才获得了最终的成功。由此可推断，作者认为，成功不是轻易就能得到的。故选B。3What was most helpful to the author in his research?AThe science courses at school.BSome books on medicine.CThe Internet.DHis life experience.C推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者认为在自己的研究过程中，互联网发挥了最大的作用。故选C。B(2016福州模拟)If you are interested in the news，it means you care about what is happening in your community and the world.But sometimes news can be upsetting.If you find out about sad news and it makes you feel worried or upset，what should you do? Dr.Harold Koplewicz，President of the Child Mind Institute，has some suggestions.Sometimes，the news you watch on TV is not completely accurate.The news on TV is fastpaced.When bad news affects our nation，all of us need time to understand and process it.Your parents and your teachers can be your first sources to get information.Even someone who is as strong and powerful as President Barack Obama weeps when hes very sad.Its part of being a human that sad events make us feel sad.That doesnt mean that we need to fall apart.It means that we just have to admit that were sad and move forward.People respond in different ways when facing sad news.There are certain kids who are very private and dont want anyone to see how they feel.But if you feel worried，talk to your parents and teachers，which can help you feel more comfortable.If you still feel very nervous，another way to feel better is to take part in activities that are helpful to others.Go with your parents to the childrens welfare institutions，or think of ways that you or your class can help others.On the other hand，remember to go to sleep at the right time，play with your friends or go to the movies.It is okay to feel sad，but its not good to stop doing the things you usually do.新闻对孩子会产生影响。对于孩子接触到了负面新闻而变得情绪低落、忧虑这一问题，本文给出了相关建议。4The passage is written for Anews reportersBschool kidsCteachersDparentsB推测读者对象题。根据第一段中Dr.Harold Koplewicz的身份是 President of the Child Mind Institute以及第二段中的“Your parents and your teachers can be your first sources to get information.”可知，本文的阅读对象应该是孩子。5What does the underlined phrase “fall apart” mean in Paragraph 3?ACheer up.BAsk for help.CStop being nervous.DHave a mental breakdown.D词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“It means that we just have to admit that were sad and move forward.”并结合上下文语境可推断出，fall apart是指“精神崩溃”的意思。6What can be inferred from the passage?A. More sleep is helpful for sad people.BTo admit we are sad will leave us nervous.CDont let sadness disturb your normal life.DChildren should not watch too much news.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It is okay to feel sad，but its not good to stop doing the things you usually do.”可知，即便是悲伤的时候，也不要打乱自己的生活规律。【导学号：85602070】C(2016合肥二模)Need for closure is a psychological term that describes a persons desire for a firm answer to a question.Our need for closure is our natural preference for definite answers over confusion and uncertainty.Every person has their own baseline level of need for closure.It likely evolved via natural selection.What I find really fascinating is how our need for closure is affected by the situation were in.Our need for closure rises when we have to act rather than just observe，and it matters much more when were rushed，or bored，or tired.Any stress can make our discomfort with uncertainty increase，and a high need for closure negatively influences some of our most important decisions: who we decide to trust，whether we admit were wrong and even how creative we are.In hiring，for instance，a high need for closure leads people to put far too much weight on their first impression.Its called the Urgency Effect.In one experiment，psychologists tried to lower peoples need for closure by telling them，right before participants are about to make various judgments of a job candidate，that theyll be responsible in some way for them，or that their judgments have serious consequences.In making any big decision，its not enough just to know that we should take our time.We all know that important decisions shouldnt be rushed.The problem is that we dont keep that advice in mind when it matters.So，one of the best solutions is to formalize the reminders.Before making important decisions，write down not just advantages and disadvantages but what the consequences could be.Also，think about how much pressure youre under.If your need for closure is particularly high that day，its even more important to think twice.本文是一篇说明文。向我们介绍了了结需求(渴望得到问题的确切答案这一心理活动)对我们所做决定的影响。7How does “need for closure” probably come into being?ABy nature.BBy accident.CBy acquiring.DBy imitating.A细节理解题。该题问的是了结需求是如何形成的。根据第一段中的“Our need for closure is our natural preference for definite answers over confusion and uncertainty.”可知，它是自然形成的。故选A。8It can be inferred that a high need for closure A. brings about more stressBcauses discomfort and uncertaintyCleads to not so good decisionsDpromotes ones creativityC细节理解题。该题问的是高了结需求的相关情况。根据第二段中“and a high need for closure negatively influences some of our most important decisions”可知，高了结需求会对我们的决定产生消极的影响。故选C。9In the experiment the psychologists reduced participants need for closure by telling