高考英语二轮复习 考前三个月 专题一 阅读理解 细做模拟试题题型分类突破（四）推理判断之细节推断题

系统掌握蕴含其中的马克思主义立场观点方法，要在系统学习、深刻领会、科学把握习近平教育思想上下功夫。精心组织开展学习宣传贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神知识问答活动。推理判断之细节推断题AWe talk about people being “colourblind” but very few of us are.Even those who describe themselves as colourblind are normally just colour lack.A strongly colourblind person will still be able to tell 20 different colours，compared to the 100 or so that normalsighted people see.Pingelap，a tiny island in the Pacific，is a beautiful spot but one that has a genetic trouble.It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.Not being able to see in colour is bad enough.But one islander，Herrol，whos a fisherman，also struggles in full sunlight because all he sees is a painful burntout image.“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun，” he says，“because when its sunny I cannot see to do my work.”But if being truly colourblind is rare，why is it that around 10% of the population of Pingelap live in a totally black and white world?Well，we know that in 1780 the population of Pingelap was all but wiped out by a tsunami(海啸)As few as 20 people survived，one of whom was the king.Its believed that he had a genetic fault that causes colourblindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.There is one advantage.Herrol can see well，really well，in the dark.So when it gets dark，Herrol and his friends get in their boats and hunt flying fish.They hang up flaming torches and the fish are attracted to the flames.“This type of fishing is fun，” Herrol says，“especially if we catch plenty.So even though its hard work we enjoy it.”语篇解读Pingelap岛因很多居民是色盲而闻名。人们认为由于统治该岛的一位国王是色盲，他将这一基因遗传给了他的后代。1What is Pingelap famous as?AA tiny island.BA beautiful island.CA mentally troubled island.DA colourblind island.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.”可知，Pingelap因为岛上很多居民是色盲而出名，故D项正确。2What can we infer about Herrol?AHe may stay at home when its sunny.BHe is interested in burntout images.CHe likes taking photos very much.DHe doesnt live in Pingelap any more.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun， he says，because when its sunny I cannot see to do my work.”可知，Herrol发现在阳光下他无法看清东西，所以无法工作；据此可以判断，阳光充足时他可能会待在家里，故A项正确。3Why are about onetenth of people in Pingelap seriously colourblind?ABecause Pingelap often suffers from tsunamis.BBecause the king had an unlucky marriage.CBecause the kings genetic fault played a role.DBecause the king made a serious mistake.答案C解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Its believed that he had a genetic fault that causes colourblindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.”可知，人们认为该岛的国王是色盲，他将这一基因遗传给了后代，故岛上很多人是色盲，故C项正确。4What would be the best title for the text?AThe Island of ColourblindnessBThe Disadvantage of HerrolCThe History of PingelapDThe Advantage of Colourblindness答案A解析标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第二段第二句“It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.”可知，本文主要介绍了色盲岛Pingelap，故A项最适合作本文标题。BI recently got pulled over for speeding not far from my new home in Virginia.I hadnt been paying attention，and I had driven a few miles an hour over the speed limit.“Can I see your license and registration？” the police officer asked me.I pulled both out for him，and he saw my Pittsburgh address on my Pennsylvania drivers license.“What are you doing here？” he asked.“Are you with the army？”“No，Im not.” I answered.I explained that I had just moved to Virginia，and I hadnt had time to reregister yet.“So what brings you here？”He had asked a direct question.Without thinking very hard，I gave him a direct answer.“Well，officer，” I said，“since youve asked，I have cancer.I have just months to live.Weve moved down here to be close to my wifes family.”“So youve got cancer，” he said flatly.He was trying to figure me out.Was I really dying？Was I lying？He took a long look at me.“You know，for a guy who has only a few months to live，you sure look good.”He was obviously thinking：“Either this guy is pulling one big fat line on me，or hes telling the truth.” He was trying to question my honesty without directly calling me a liar.And so he had forced me to prove that I was being honest.“Well，officer，I know that I look pretty healthy.I look great on the outside，but the tumors are on the inside.” And then，I dont know what possessed me，but I just did it.I pulled up my shirt，showing the operational scars.He looked at my scars.He looked in my eyes.He now knew he was talking to a dying man.Well，he wasnt taking this any further.He handed me back my license.“Do me a favor.” he said，“Slow down from now on.”The awful truth had set me free.As he went back to his police car，I had a realization.I had been one of those gorgeous blondes(金发美女) who could bat her eyelashes and get out of tickets.I drove home under the speed limit，and I was smiling like a beauty queen.语篇解读本文讲述了作者因超速而被警察拦下，在与警察的一系列对话中得知作者患有癌症。从文章最后一个段落可以看出作者是一个乐观的人。5The author was stopped by the police officer because .Ahe didnt have a license Bhe forgot to reregisterChe drove too fast Dhe was seriously ill答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段第二句“I hadnt been paying attention，and I had driven a few miles an hour over the speed limit.”可知，作者因超速行驶而被警察拦下，故选C。6The author moved to Virginia probably because .Ahe was homesickBhis family could be better cared forCVirginia had better hospitalsDhe served in the army there答案B解析推理判断题。由第六段中的“I have cancer.I have just months to live.Weve moved down here to be close to my wifes family.”可知，作者搬到这里是为了和他妻子的家人离得更近，可以使家人得到更好地照顾。故选B。7On hearing about the authors cancer，the police officer .Asaid it was an excuseBshowed sympathy for him Casked him to show his scarsDdoubted his honesty答案D解析细节理解题。根据文中第七段和第八段可以看出警察对作者的怀疑，故选D。8It can be inferred from the passage that the author was .Aadventurous BoptimisticCdishonest Dromantic答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“I drove home under the speed limit，and I was smiling like a beauty queen.”可知，作者是乐观的。故选B。CMalala Yousafzai，the teen activist from Pakistan，has just become the youngest person ever to win a Nobel Prize.In 2012，Malala survived from being shot by terrorists for speaking out for a girls right to be educated in her native country.She is being recognized today for her global activism on education for girls.Winning this award is a huge honor，especially for such a young person.Malalas journey to the Nobel Prize has not been easy.She grew up in a dangerous district of Pakistan called the Swat Valley.This area was taken over by the Taliban.The Taliban ruled the district with an iron fist.They were especially cruel to women，not allowing them to go shopping，have jobs，or go to school.In 2009，Malala began speaking out publicly for every girls right to an education.She blogged about how the Taliban didnt want her to go to school.She also continued to attend her local school，despite the danger involved.Then，in 2012，the Taliban tried to kill Malala to silence her.Two Taliban gunmen shot her and two other students while they were on a school bus.Malala was flown to the United Kingdom for immediate medical treatment.Malala eventually recovered from her injuries.She now lives in Birmingham，England，and continues to work hard to support girls and womens rights around the world.“The terrorists thought that they would change my aims and stop my ambitions，” she said，“but nothing changed in my life except this.Weakness，fear，and hopelessness died.Strength，power，and courage were born.”The 17yearold girl from Pakistan is sharing the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize with a childrens activist Kailash Satyarthi，who is from India.Satyarthi leads many campaigns dedicated to removing child labor.9What can we mainly infer from the second paragraph?APeople in Pakistan were brave.BWomen in Pakistan were not allowed to go shopping.CThe Talibans cruelty was severe.DMalalas journey contributed to her Nobel Prize.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“The Taliban ruled the district with an iron fist.They were especially cruel to women，not allowing them to go shopping，have jobs，or go to school.”可知，塔利班在所控制地区采取了残暴的统治，故选C。10After recovering from being shot，Malala .Afelt depressedBwas devoted to removing child laborCdecided to stop her ambitionsDcontinued to fight for womens right答案D解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“.and continues to work hard to support girls and womens rights around the world.”可知，痊愈之后，她继续为女性权利而斗争。故选项B正确。11Which words can best describe Malala according to the passage?ASensitive and stubborn.BDevoted and fearless.CProud and optimistic.DCreative and outgoing.答案B解析推理判断题。通读全文可知，Malala Yousafzai对女性权利事业非常忠诚，面对塔利班的威胁非常勇敢。故选项B正确。DMy dearest son and daughter，The story of New Jersey high school student Rachel Canning suing her parents for child support and high school education inspired me to write you a little letter.Let me just put this out there：the only way I expect to see you in a court is as a lawyer or a judge.There are two things about this case that seem to be disaster.First，its natural for parents and children to argue.I can guarantee that we will disagree.One or both of you will，at some point，scream at the top of your lungs the various ways you hate me.And I wont always like you，either.But I will always love you and do everything I can to keep your best interests as my focus，even when Im so angry.We are family.That means we are as much a part of one another as the flesh，blood and bones in our body.And we all should think about it very deeply instead of breaking that bond.Second，Ill be honest，and no matter how far apart we are on your life choices，your father and I will most certainly pay everything we can for your higher education.But that doesnt mean you deserve it.To be clear，that is a privilege we happily extend(给予) to younot a right you are born with.And you will have to work hard to earn that privilege.Growing up is hard work.If I do my job properly as your motherand you do yours as my childrenyou would sooner get a job or two，and find a way to make your dreams come true rather than go to trial over what you think you are entitled to.Love always，Mom语篇解读本文为应用文。是一位妈妈写给她的孩子们的信。作者告诉孩子：一方面她很爱他们，会尽全力照顾他们；另一方面，家长支付孩子教育费用并非理所当然，还