高考英语冲刺导练（18）

“讲忠诚、严纪律、立政德”三者相互贯通、相互联系。忠诚是共产党人的底色，纪律是不能触碰的底线，政德是必须修炼的素养。永葆底色、不碰底线 天津市耀华中学2017届高考英语冲刺导练（18）【读写应用综合训练】一、完形填空Cloze 1_18记叙文 -8 政德才能立得稳、立得牢。要深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平总书记关于“立政德”的重要论述，深刻认识新时代立政德的重要性和紧迫性。It was Mothers Day and I was shopping at the local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were 26 , we realized that only minutes earlier an 27 woman had fallen over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground. 28 was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. 29 a lot of people stopped to help out. 30 we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very 31 about what had happened to the elderly couple. He 32 to me, “Mom, its not much fun falling over in front of 33 .” Seeing that there was a flower stall（摊位）at the front of the supermarket, he added, “Why shouldnt we 34 the lady a flower? It will make her feel better.” I was 35 that hed come up with this 36 idea. So we went over and told the flower seller 37 we wanted. “Just take it,” she replied. “I 38 take your money for such a wonderful 39 .”By now medical staff had arrived, and were 40 the injured woman. We gave the flower to the womans husband and I told him it was 41 my son. At that, the old man started crying and said, “Thank you very much.” He then turned to me, “You have a 42 son. Happy Mothers Day to you.”The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from. 43 being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with 44 in her eyes and gave him a little 45 .26. A. leaving B. driving C. moving D. stopping 27. A. injured B. awkward C. honest D. elderly 28. A. Her husband B. My son C. The crowd D. The seller 29. A. Specifically B. Particularly C. Interestingly D. Fortunately 30. A. If B. Since C. While D. Unless 31. A. guilty B. curiousC. angry D. worried 32. A. complained B. said C. lied D. responded 33. A. no one B. someone C. everyone D. anyone 34. A. lend B. bring C. leave D. buy 35. A. amazed B. shocked C. puzzled D. concerned 36. A. wise B. sweet C. innocent D. crazy 37. A. which B. when C. what D. whether 38. A. must not B. cant C. may not D. neednt 39. A. scene B. habit C. flower D. deed 40. A. checking with B. looking after C. operating on D. paying for 41. A. from B. to C. with D. about 42. A. respectful B. cheerful C. successful D. wonderful 43. A. Out of B. Regardless of C. Thanks to D. As to 44. A. love B. hope C. pity D. pain 45. A. idea B. money C. smile D. comfort 二、阅读理解Reading Comprehension 阅读微技能 Micro Reading Skills解析与训练 系列微技能：4. 预测下文Making Prediction；预测是指读者在阅读之前、之中，根据文章提供的各种线索，结合读者已有的知识和经验，对文章的主题、内容、写作方式等预先进行的推测和判断。预测能激发和调动读者已有的知识，使新信息更易理解和吸收。同时，预测还会使读者对文章产生某种期待，当读者带着这种期待去阅读文章时，就会努力为他们的猜想寻找证据，从而把注意力更加集中在文章的内容上。因此，积极主动地进行预测是提高阅读效率的重要手段。一、利用标题、插图进行预测 一个好的标题总能体现文章的主旨和作者的中心意图，而插图通常从直观的角度帮助读者更加全面地理解文章，有时还会起到画龙点睛的作用。因此，标题和插图经常是读者预测文章主题的主要依据。二、利用语篇知识进行预测 预测作为一种积极、有效的阅读策略，其应用不仅仅局限于文章的主旨大意。事实上，预测可以在段落之间、段落之内、甚至句子之内等不同的层面上进行。为了更有效地预测文章的内容，提高速度与准确性，我们还必须掌握一定的语篇知识，比如不同体裁文章的宏观结构，段落的特征（定义、分类、描述、分析、比较与对照、概括与论证等），段落主题句和语篇标志词（并列、转折、递进等）等。另外，不同体裁的文章还有不同的词汇范围及句法形式，这对学会宏观把握篇章结构也是十分重要的。三、利用信号词进行预测和推测 在阅读过程中，为了既迅速又准确解文章的含义，利用信号词预测非常重要。信号词可以揭示句子内在关系或文章各部分之间的关系(见下表)。特别是在时，它能帮助考生预测文章信息，提高阅读速度。部分信号词及其所预示的信息：however, on the contrary, although等 信号词引出的内容是与上文相反的论述，或作者不同的观点similarly, equally, also, besides, furthermore, in other words等 下文与前面所讲内容相同或相似for example, for instance等 具体例证，说明上文中的论点for one thing, on the other hand等 下文还有另外一方面in a word, in short等 后面的句子是对上文的总结actually, in fact, the point is , a study survey found/ showed/proved that 等 后面的句子往往是作者想要表达和强调的内容或观点在日常的阅读中，很多预测活动都是在无意识的状态下进行的，特别是对于高水平的读者来说更是如此。他们在阅读时经常自动地对作者下面要说的话做出假设，并在阅读过程中不断地对其做出验证或修订。但是这并不是说，训练和培养预测技能是没有意义的。事实上，有计划、有步骤地训练和培养预测能力，能促使读者加快获得这种能力，进而提高阅读理解的质量和深度。 Passage 1 2015年湖北卷EScience has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that theres always a temptation (诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others arent?To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines (学科). Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox (非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the readers attention. So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.On the whole, Brookss story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brookss attempt to translate his tale into science.67. The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to _. A. illustrate where science can be appliedB. demonstrate the value of Brookss new book C. remind the reader of the importance of science D. explain why many writers use science in their works68. According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book? A. Its strong basis.B. Its convincing points. C. Its clear writing.D. Its memorable characters.69. What is the authors general attitude towards the book? A. Contradictory.B. Supportive.C . Cautious.D. Critical.70. What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph? A. Problems with the book.B. Brooks life experience. C. Death of the characters.D. Brooks translation skills. Passage 2 For many parents , raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped. In this article. Ill describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teens hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the childs failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right, It doesnt matter what the topic is politics. The laws of physics, or the proper way to break an eggthe point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong for both wish to be considered an authority someone who actually knows somethingand therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, theyll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress. 55. Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict? A. both can continue for generations.B. Both are about where to draw the line C. Neither has any clear winner D. Neither can be put to an end 56. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean? A. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict. B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict. C. The teens accuse their parents of misleading them. D. The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents. 57.Parents and teens want to be right because they want to _. A. give orders to the other B. know more than the other C. gain respect from the other D. get the other to behave properly58. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. causes for the parent-teen conflicts B. Examples of the parent-teen war. C. Solutions for the parent-teen problemsD. Future of the parent-teen relationship训练 2016四川卷 CIn the depths of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous (土著的) people. Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. And yet, people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony (殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946. In theory, they should live by the French law. However, their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown, thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman form Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest, with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital, Cayenne.“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years,” says Gin. “Ive been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I dont see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life,” continues Gin. “I prefer to work in black and white, which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time. These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide. 28. Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana? A. They seldom follow the French law.B. They often ignore the Guianese law. C. They are separated from the modern world.D. They are both Guianese and French citizens.29. Gin introduced the special world of the indigenous Guianese as _. A. a tour guideB. a geographerC. a film directorD. a photographer30. What is Gins attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese? A. Cautious.B. Doubtful.C. Uninterested.D. Appreciative.31. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. The modern French lifestyle.B. The self-supporting hunting. C. The uncivilized hunting.D. The French Republic.2015 湖北卷 BWhat Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isnt a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume.Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she share her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control whats on their plate.Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “theyre very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think its a great place to start.” Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food, Loe noted, theres a moment when its bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar.” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing whats in your food, knowing where it comes from.” In addition to being more in touch with the food shes eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children:“Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we dont take care of the earth, no one will.”55. The underlined word “prerequisite”(Para. 1) is closest in meaning to “_”. A. recipeB. substituteC. requirementD. challenge56. Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs? A. They are used daily.B. They are easy to grow. C. They can grow very tall. D. They can be eaten uncooked.57. According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods? A. It can preserve their best flavor.B. It can promote her online sales. C. It can better her cooking skills.D. It can improve their nutrition.58. What is the “the bigger picture”(Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand? A. The knowledge about good food.B. The way to live a grow-our-own life. C. The joy of getting in touch with foods.D. The responsibility to protect our earth.三、阅读表达 训练阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。Across America, libraries used to reach out to readers by sending bookmobiles into school parking lots, street corners and rural byways (侧道). Now, those rolling reading rooms are becoming fewer. One town in northern New England just lost its bookmobile. The Cobleigh Public Library in Lyndonville, Vt., had managed to keep its van (有蓬货车) rolling until about a month ago, when it died. If you want to hear first-hand what its like to go through a whole month without a single visit from the bookmobile, just ask the preschoolers at a daycare centre.We miss the bookmobile, one child says. Yeah, we miss the bookmobile until it comes here, says another. Now that the bookmobile has broken down, librarians have to bring books in their own cars for story hour. Daycare provider Anneka Bickford says its not as exciting as having a big, brightly painted van roll into the driveway and open its doors so the kids can choose their own books.Its getting the children involved with what a library is how to check out books and how to return books, Bickford says. They would do programs with the children; singing, dancing, themes so its the excitement of the library that we cant give to the children.Its not the first bookmobile to bite the dust. Over the years, Vermonts large number has reduced to three or four. Lyndonvilles head librarian, Cindy Karasinski, says replacement costs have risen quickly.New bookmobiles are expensive; just one of them costs $90,000, she says, so that seems not the way we are going to go. Sadly, Karasinksi says, money that used to support bookmobiles has nearly dried up.However, not everyone hopes the Cobleigh bookmobile gets a second chance. Some in town feel the bookmobile has served its purpose and become a financial burden (财政负担). 51. Whatre bookmobiles? (no more than 5 words) _52. What can kids do with the help of bookmobiles in the opinion of Anneka Bickford? (no more than 15 words) . _53. What does the underlined phrase bite the dust in Paragraph 7 most probably mean? (no more than 5 words) _54. What leads to the disappearance of bookmobiles? (no more than 10 words)_55. Whats your own opinion on bookmobiles according to the passage? (no more than 25 words)_【语法重点运用导练】语法知能运用导练：词性与成分 4补语 谓语动词句型与非限定动词相关5.“主谓宾宾补”结构 =主语+谓语(及物动词/短语)+宾语+宾语补语【说明】在SVOC结构中, 谓语是能带复合宾语(Complex Object, 即“宾语+宾语补语”的统称) 的及物动词。宾语补语(Object