高中英语unit1artpartiiigrammar学案无答案新人教版选修6

Unit 1 ArtPart III Grammar一、【学习目标】1.熟练掌握虚拟语气的构成和作用；2.熟悉虚拟语气的基本用法。二、【自主预习】 Step1. Read the text and find out the sentences that use subjunctive mood. _ _ _Step2. 虚拟语气(一)1.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 条件从句谓语动词形式主语谓语动词形式与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was)should/ would/could/ might+动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词should/would/could /might + have+过去分词与将来事实相反should+动词原形动词过去式were to+动词原形should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形2. wish引导的宾语从句：. 过去时（were）I wish I were a bird.与过去事实相反had+过去分词I wish he hadnt done that.与将来事实相反would/could/might+动词原形I wish I would be rich in the future.3. 表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气一坚持 _ 两命令_ 三建议_四要求_外加一个敦促_这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形, 或者将should省略。例：The doctor suggested that (lose). 医生建议他减减肥。He insisted that _.（tell）他坚持要求我们告诉他这个消息。4. 混合虚拟语气/错综时间条件条件句IfIhadworkedhardatschool, Iwouldbeanengineernow.如果我在学校时学习刻苦的话，我现在就是一名工程师了。Iftheyhadinformedus, wewouldnotcomeherenow.如果他们通知我的话，我们现在就不会再这里了。探究：1. 如果你听了我的建议的话，你现在就能完成工作了。Ifyou_myadvice, you_abletofinishtheworknow.2. 如果我是你的话，我就去参加她的生日聚会了。IfIwereyou, I_herbirthdayparty.3. 如果你早点出发的话，他们就将在半小时内到达。Iftheyhadlefthomeearly, they_inhalfanhour.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间_时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据_做出相应的调整。混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间不同，而更重要的是事实和假设的混合。Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospital,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeofthelastweek.我本要去医院看他的，但是我上周一周都很忙。该句前半句是假设虚拟（事实上我并没去看他），而后半句是对可观事实的陈述（我的确很忙，正因为如此次啊没去看他）。Iwouldhavecometoseeyou, butIwastoobusy.5. 含蓄条件句：Withoutyourhelp, wewouldnthaveachievedsomuch.=ifyouhadnthelpedus, Butforthenoteyouleft,Iwouldhaveforgottentoclosethedoor.=Ifyouhadntleftthenote, I Heisill. Otherwisehecouldcome.=Ifhewerentill, he 【操练巩固】1、如果没有你的帮助，我们就不可能按时完成工作。Butforyourhelp,we_theworkontime.2、我们在那个小山村迷路了，否则我们昨天就能参观更多的名胜。Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe_moreplacesofinterestyesterday.3、Bob昨天本要帮我们的，但是他很忙。Bob_usyesterday, buthewasbusy.总结：虚拟条件句可以通过介词_,_来表示，也可以通过表示转折的词_,_,_,_来表示。这时可以根据语境及具体意义采用虚拟形式。Step 2 虚拟语气(二)1. 表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同 位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用：should原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省 略。例： My suggestion is that we should go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening? 2、Its necessary/strange/natural/ important/pity/no wonder/impossible + that Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟, 即(should)+动词原形 It is strange that he (should) say so. 他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。 It is a great pity that you (should) think so. 他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。 It is natural that a bird (should) rest in trees. 鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。 It is necessary that he be sent to Beijing right away. 有必要立即派他去北京。3、在It is/was suggested /ordered / demanded / proposed / etc. 结构中要使用虚拟语气如： Its requested that we（should）keep the stability of the society for the peoples peaceful life. Its suggested that the plan be carried out. It is ordered that all the troops (should) withdraw three miles away. It is arranged that he leave for Canada on Friday. 照安排，他星期五动身去加拿大。 It is suggested that the English evening be held on Saturday. 有人建议英语晚会周六举行。4. would rather 后的宾语从句。I would rather you could teach me again. The manager would rather that his secretary went to the meeting instead of him .I would rather you hadnt told him the news.5. as if， as though引导的从句。 以as if 、as though（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语从，如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气, 其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。 The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man. He acted as usual as though nothing had happened. 6. 由if only （要是，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。 If only I had passed the test ！ If only it stopped raining！ 比较if only与only if： only if表示只有；if only则表示如果就好了。If only也可用于陈述语气。 I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。 If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。 If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。7. It is (high) time that It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形或动词的过去时，（should不可省略）。 It is time that the children went to bed. It is high time that the children should go to bed. It is high time that we had our lunch. It is time that he made up his mind. 四、【当堂检测】一单项选择1. It was urgent that he _ her immediately. A. calls B. called C. call D. would call 2. Its high time that something _ to prohibit selling fake commodities. A. must be done B. was done C. be done D. were done 3. There was a traffic jam; otherwise I _ here on time.A. would be B. had been C. should be D. would have been 4. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given 5. I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _ there. A. was B. were C. had been D. went 6. It is strange that such a thing _ in your school. A. will happen B. happens C. should happen D. happened 7. Id rather you _ right away. A. leave B. Left C. will leave D. to leave8. It is required that you _ at six. A. will arrive B. arriveC. arrivedD. would arrive 9. If only I _ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A. had known B. would know C. should knowD. knew二、完成句子（熟能生巧哦！）1. , I wouldnt have signed the contract. (inform) 要是当初你早点通知我，我就不会签那个合同了。2. Had you repaired the house yesterday, now. (wet) 要是你昨天修了房子的话，房子现在就不会湿了。3. If I were you, I yesterday. (help) 如果我是你，昨天就帮了那个人了。4. Its a pity that you .(see) 真可惜，你没看这部电影。5. Its time that to stop pollution. (take) 我们该采取措施来制止污染了。6. If only I .