语法精讲突破系列(七).ppt

语法精讲突破系列(七) 名词性从句 根据提示，完成下面的句子 1. (2013四川高考)_at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. 你在会议议上所说说的描述了公司的美好未来。 2. (2013重庆庆高考)_in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. 这这部电电影中最打动动我的就是那位父亲对亲对 儿子深深的爱爱。 What you said What struck me most 3. (2013天津高考)_is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. 我想告诉诉你的是我对对父母深沉的爱爱和敬意。 4. (2013江西高考)_ will have to pay for it. 无论论你们们中哪一个打破了窗户户都必须赔偿须赔偿 。 What I want to tell you Whichever one of you breaks the window 5. (2013陕陕西高考)It remains to be seen _ _. 新成立的委员员会的政策是否能落实还实还 需拭目以待。 6. (2013湖北高考)Knowing _reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance policy for your own ability. 知道你正在干什么，能降低失败败的风险风险 ，这这就像给给自己的能 力买买了份保险险。 whether the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice what you are doing 7. (2013新课标课标 全国卷)Police have found _ _ the lost ancient statue. 警察发现发现 了疑似失窃的古老雕像。 8. (2013湖南高考)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _to victory. 不要让让任何失败败阻止你, 因为为你永远远不会知道你离胜胜利有多么 近。 what appears to be how close you may be 9. (2013北京高考)Experts believe _ _ by shopping only when it is necessary. 专专家们们相信人们们只在必要的时时候购购物能减少食品的浪费费。 10. (2013浙江高考)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _anyone else on the sports field. 取得最大成功的唯一方法就是充分相信你在赛场赛场 上比其他人 更好。 that people can waste less food that you are better than 【加固训练训练 】 根据提示，完成下面的句子 1. (2012天津高考)It doesnt matter _ or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park. 在十字路口，无论论你是向右拐还还是向左拐都没关系这这 两条路都通向公园。 whether you turn right 2. (2011北京高考)_is honesty and happiness. 芭芭拉琼琼斯提供给给她的粉丝丝的是诚实诚实 和快乐乐。 3. (2012全国卷)It is by no means clear _ _to end the strike. 总统总统 会采取什么措施来结结束这这次罢罢工还还不清楚。 What Barbara Jones offers to her fans what the president can do 4. (2012山东东高考)It doesnt matter _ or credit card in this store. 在这这家商店不管你用现现金支付还还是用信用卡支付都没关系。 5. (2011湖北高考)_ _ was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. 令球迷欣喜的是这这个年轻轻的选选手在乒乓乒乓 球锦标赛锦标赛 上表现现非凡。 whether you pay by cash What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted 6. (2012四川高考)Scientists study _to make computers. 科学家们们研究人类类的大脑脑怎样样工作来制造电脑电脑 。 7. (2012陕陕西高考)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _. 提供了多达五门门的课课程，你可以任意选择选择 最适合你的一门门。 how human brains work whichever suits you best 8. (2012北京高考)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _differently. 杰里并不后悔提出自己的意见见，但是他感觉觉他本来可以换换种 方式表达的。 9. (2012福建高考)We promise _a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. 我们们向任何参加派对对的人承诺诺一个和影星合影的机会。 that he could have expressed it whoever attends the party 10. (2011北京高考)The shocking news made me realize _ _. 这这个惊人的消息使我意识识到我们们将面临临多么严严重的问题问题 。 11. (2011上海高考)The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ _. 你试图试图 通过过言语语表达的意思或许许恰恰跟别别人理解的相反。 what terrible problems we would face what others actually understand 12. (2011山东东高考)Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _. 恐怕他在很大程度上是一个空谈谈的人而不是一个干实实事的 人，那就是他一事无成的原因。 13. (2012湖北高考)Things arent always _ _. 事情往往不是它们们看上去的那样样。 why he never finishes anything what they appear (to be) 14. (2012重庆庆高考)Evidence has been found through years of study _ _when they grow up. 经过经过 数年的研究，已经经找到证证据：孩子早年的睡眠问题问题 有可 能一直延续续到成年之后。 that childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue 15. (2012江苏苏高考)The notice came around two in the afternoon _. 大约约在下午两点传传来通知说说会议议将被延期。 16. (2010湖北高考)The news _has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. 房价将要下跌的消息致使许许多人低价抛售他们们的房屋。 that the meeting would be postponed that house prices will fall 考点1 4大名词词性从句的难难点 1. 主语语从句 (1)that连连接从句时时，没有具体意思，不充当句子成分，只是 起标标志性的作用，但that 不能省略。 *(2010陕陕西高考) It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 我从来没想到你会成功地说说服他改变变主意。 (2)whether连连接从句时时，表示怀怀疑，不能省略，意为为“是否” ，在句首时时不能用if替换换。 *(2011重庆庆高考)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 旧汽车车站是否应该应该 被重建为现为现 代化的宾馆宾馆 仍然在商讨讨中。 (3)特殊疑问词连问词连 接从句时时，特殊疑问词问词 不能省略，在从句中 充当句子成分。 *(2011江苏苏高考)It was never clear why the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. 这这个人为为什么没有尽快报报告这这个事故，还还不清楚。 (4)主语语从句要用陈陈述语语序，即主谓语谓语 序。 【点津】(1)用it作形式主语语的常用句型有： It+系动词动词 +形容词词 (necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等 )+that从句 It+be+名词词(短语语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句 It+be+过过去分词词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句 It+特殊动词动词 (seems, appears, happens, matters)+that从句 (2)在It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered+that 从句结结构中，从句用“(should+)动词动词 原形”。 2. 宾语宾语 从句 (1) that连连接宾语宾语 从句时时通常可以省略(但多个并列的宾语宾语 从 句中只能省略第一个that)，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成 分，只是起连连接作用。 *He said that he was from Hunan Province. 他说说他来自湖南 省。 (2)whether/if 连连接的宾语宾语 从句，whether/if 意为为“是否”(但在 whether. . . or not结结构中，或者宾语宾语 从句作介词词的宾语时宾语时 ； 以及whetherto do 结结构中只能用whether，不能用if来替换换) 。 *(2011山东东高考)Weve offered her the job, but I dont know whether shell accept it. 我们们已经为经为 她提供了这这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受。 (3)特殊疑问词问词 引导导的宾语宾语 从句，特殊疑问词问词 不能省略，在从 句中充当句子成分。 *(2011四川高考)Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 老师总师总 是告诉诉我 们们，如果想要成功，就要相信我们们所做的事情以及我们们是谁谁 。 (4)有些动词动词 或动词动词 短语语，如like, hate, appreciate, hide, depend on, see to等，一般不直接跟宾语宾语 从句，需要在从句前 加上it。 *I dont like it when you look at me like that! 我不喜欢欢你那样样看我！ (5)不论论主句为为何种句型，宾语宾语 从句都用陈陈述语语序。 3. 表语语从句 (1)that连连接从句时时从句为为一个句意完整的陈陈述句，that 不能 省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只是起连连接作用 。 *(2010北京高考)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was that it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 狄更斯喜欢欢他自己创创作的小说说大卫卫科波菲尔的部分原因 是小说说非常贴贴近他本人的真实实生活。 (2)whether连连接从句时时从句来源于一般疑问问句，为为一个句意 完整、语语气不确定的陈陈述句。whether不能省略，意为为“是否” ，不能用if替换换。 (3)特殊疑问词连问词连 接从句时时从句来源于特殊疑问问句，特殊疑问问 词词不能省略，在从句中充当句子成分。 *(2011陕陕西高考)Id like to start my own businessthats what Id do if I had the money. 如果我有这这么多钱钱，我会自己做买卖买卖 ，那就是我想做的事情 。 (4)表语语从句要用陈陈述语语序，即主谓语谓语 序。 【点津】常见见的表语语从句句型： (1)It looks/seems as if . . . 好像；仿佛 (2)This is because. . . 这这是因为为 (3)The reason why. . . is that. . . 的原因是 (4)That is why. . . 那就是的原因 (5)The question/problem is whether/when/where. . . 问题问题 是 (6)His dream/suggestion/aim/purpose is that . . . 他的梦想/建议议/目标标/目的是 4. 同位语语从句 (1) that连连接从句时时从句为为一个句意完整的陈陈述句，that 不能 省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只起连连接作用。 *(2011辽辽宁高考)When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. 当战战争爆发发的消息传传来时时，他决定到军队军队 中服役。 (2)whether连连接从句时时从句来源于一般疑问问句，whether不能 省略，意为为“是否”，不能用if替换换。 *He asked her the question whether they can be friends. 他问问她一个问题问题 ：他们们能否成为为朋友。 (3) 特殊疑问词连问词连 接从句时时从句来源于特殊疑问问句，特殊疑 问词问词 不能省略，在从句中充当句子成分。 *He showed us his way how he worked out that problem. 他向我们们展示了计计算那道题题的方法。 (4)同位语语从句要用陈陈述语语序，即主谓语谓语 序。 【点津】(1)suggestion, advice, order, request, requirement等 名词词的同位语语从句需用“(should)动词动词 原形”。 (2)常见见的同位语语从句直接放在抽象名词词之后，分隔式同位语语 从句是指抽象名词词和同位语语从句之间间出现谓语动词现谓语动词 ，以平衡 句子结结构，避免头头重脚轻轻。例如：The fact is clear that he is innocent in the accident. 事实实很清楚：在这这起事故中他是无辜 的。 考点2 易混连连接词词的辨析 连连 词词主要区别别典句例示 that和 what的 区别别 that引导导名词词性从 句时时, 在从句中不充 当任何句子成分, 也 没有任何含义义; 而 what引导导名词词性从 句时时, 在从句中都要 充当一定的句子成 分, 并有相应应的含义义 The problem is that we dont have enough money.问问 题题是我们们没有足够够的钱钱。 (2011安徽高考)His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out what it is he is trying to express.他 的笔迹非常混乱, 很难难弄清他 想表达什么意思。 连连 词词主要区别别典句例示 同位语语 从句与 定语语从 句中that 的区别别 同位语语从句中的 连词连词 that只起连连 接作用, 在从句中 不充当任何句子 成分; 而定语语从句 中的关系代词词that 在句中作宾语宾语 或 主语语, 宾语宾语 与先行 词词有修饰饰关系 (2011上海高考)There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 有清晰的证证据证证明最难诠释难诠释 的 感情是身体上的疼痛。(同位语语 从句) The hope(that)she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. 她所表达的希望是他们们能再次 访问访问 中国。(定语语从句) 连连 词词主要区别别典句例示 whether 和if的区 别别 whether和if在宾宾 语语从句中可以互 换换, 但是作介词词 宾语时连宾语时连 接词词一 般用whether It all depends on whether they will come back. 那取决于他们们是否回来。 后面直接跟or not时时只能用 whether I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan. 我不知道他是否已到达武汉汉。 主语语从句、表语语 从句中只能用 whether Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 会议议 是否被推迟还迟还 未被决定。 连连 词词主要区别别典句例示 whether 和if的区 别别 whether可以引导导 同位语语从句, 用以 说说明前面的名词词 的内容, 而if不能 We ought to discuss the question carefully whether we can do it or not. 我们应们应 当仔细讨论这细讨论这 个问题问题 : 我们们是否能做它。 whether常与or连连 用表示一种选择选择 , if不能这样这样 用; whether也可与动动 词词不定式连连用但if 不能 The question of whether they are male or female is not important. 他们们的性别问题别问题 并不 重要。 I dont know whether to leave or not. 我不知道是否要离开。 . 根据提示，完成下面的句子 1. All of life is an act of letting go, but _is not taking a moment to say goodbye. 人生就是不断地放下, 但最令人痛心的是，没有抓住时时机道 别别。 2. _is that the earth travels around the sun and the moon moves around the earth. 我们们都知道地球围绕围绕 着太阳转转，月亮围绕围绕 着地球转转。 what hurts most What is known to us all/What we all know 3. _is whether you can provide us with the most up-to-date information. 我关心的是你是否能为为我们们提供最新的信息。 4. It has been announced that _ _in the exam will be graded zero. 已经经宣布任何在考试试中被抓住作弊的人将被判零分。 What I am concerned about whoever is caught cheating/ anyone who is caught cheating 5. “_was just how often people were using their mobile phones, ” Dr Daniel Kruger, the studys co-author, said. 丹尼尔克鲁鲁格博士是本次研究的共同作者，他说说：“我们发们发 现现有趣的是人们们如此频频繁地使用手机。” What we found interesting 6. _most in the Harry Potter series is not only the fantastic plot but also the charming characters in the story. 哈利波特丛书丛书 最吸引孩子们们的不仅仅是奇特的故事情节节， 还还有故事里吸引人的各色人物。 7. _the children were not to blame for the accident. 事实证实证 明，这这起事故不怪孩子。 What attracts/attracted (the) children It turned out that 8. After graduation from high school, I will write a letter of thanks to _. 我高中毕业毕业 以后会写信给给帮助过过我的人。 9. The park will be located in _a waste pond and the construction work has begun so far. 这这个公园将坐落在过过去用作废废水池的地方，建设设工作目前已 开始。 whoever has assisted me what was used as 10. The government gave the order _ _in three weeks. 政府下令三个星期内所有这这些房屋都要被拆掉。 11. After _an endless wait, it was her turn to step into the doctors office. 在经过经过 一段似乎漫无边际边际 的等候之后，终终于轮轮到她走进进医生 的办办公室。 that all these houses (should)be pulled down what seemed 12. _Real Madrid is the richest football club in the world because it has topped Deloittes football rich list for the eighth year in a row. 毫无疑问问，皇家马马德里足球俱乐乐部是世界上最富的足球俱乐乐 部，因为为它连续连续 八年高居德勤足球富豪榜榜首。 There is no doubt that 13. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _about Mark Twain. 那天这这个新来的人走进图书馆进图书馆 ，寻寻找他能找到的关于马马克吐 温的所有东东西。 14. Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain _. 差不多一个星期过过去了，这这个女孩才能解释释她怎么了。 whatever he could find what had happened to her 15. What my father often tells me is _a girl shine is not her looks but her personality. 我父亲经亲经 常告诉诉我：让让一个女孩耀眼的不是她的外表而是她 的个性。 16. Nancy was surprised at the news _ _. They seemed to be a happy couple. 南希对对他们们的离婚感到十分惊讶讶，因为为他们们似乎是一对对快 乐乐的夫妇妇。 that what makes that they had got separated 17. We were all disappointed when the announcement came _because of the sudden snowstorm. 当通知说说到巴黎的航班因突如其来的暴风风雪而被取消了时时， 我们们都很失望。 18. A large number of people tend to live under the false impression _their education when they finished their schooling. 许许多人存在这样这样 的误误解，认为认为 离开学校就意味着结结束了他 们们的教育。 that the flight to Paris had been cancelled that they had completed 19. Yesterday news came from the school office _ _Wuhan University. 昨天，来自学校办办公室的消息说说他已被武汉汉大学录录取。 20. The representatives all applauded his proposal _ _education. 代表们们都赞赞同他的提案，即每个孩子都应应有同等机会接受教 育。 that he had been admitted to that each child (should)have equal access