英语四级考试历年词汇真题大汇集.doc

投顶网 像玩游戏一样开心学习、开心背单词，一起PK吧投顶网 1. 像玩游戏一样背单词，和同学一起比赛、打擂PK非常有趣2. 150多类词库：四级、六级、研究生、GRE、TOEFL想背的单词基本都有3. 免费、不用下载、不用安装您也可以加入投顶网的QQ群：58435079或者69620265 一起讨论投顶网最近推出了每天登陆开心背单词送宝物。还推出了自己闯关的玩法！感觉内容好，请转发给身边的同学和朋友！英语四级考试历年词汇真题大汇集 1.absorb vt.吸收;使专心【搭配】be absorbed in专心于【考题】She was so_in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.A)attracted B)absorbed C)drawn D)concentrated(1996.1/25/B)【译文】她工作如此专心以致于没听见有人敲门。2.abuse vt.滥用;虐待n.滥用【考题】It has been revealed that some government leaders_their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.A)employ B)take C)abuse D)overlook(1996.6/34/C)【译文】据透露，一些政府官员滥用职权为自己谋取非法利益。3.accomplish v.达到;完成【考题】The project，_by the end of 2000，willexpand the citys telephone network to cover 1，000，000 users.A)accomplished B)being accomplishedC)to be accomplished D)having been accomplished(1999.6/68/C)【译文】预计在2000年前完成的这项工程将扩大该市的电话网至 1，000，000用户。4.account n.账;账户v.说明原因【搭配】on account of 为了的缘故，因为o account 考虑到【考题】Id_his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A)take into account B)account forC)make up for D)make out(2000.1/63/A)【译文】我得向社区的其他的农户和商人们了解他的信誉，然后再决定是否同意他的贷款请求。5.approve vt.赞成，称许;批准approval n.【搭配】for sb.s approval 求某人指正 give ones approval to 批准【考题】If only the committee_the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.A)approve B)will approve C)can approve D)would approve(1997.1/47/D)【译文】要是委员会能尽快批准这些规章制度并付诸实施就好了。6.approximately ad.近似地，大约【考题】They claim that_1，000 factories closed down during the economic crisis.A)sufficiently B)approximately C)considerably D)properly(1993.1/45/B)【译文】他们宣称大约有1000家工厂在经济危机中倒闭了。7.arise vi.出现;由引起【考题】Some confusion has_about who can join the association.A)retained B)lifted C)raised D)arisen(1992.1/43/D)【译文】关于谁加入协会意见不一。8.artificial a.人工的;矫揉造作的【考题】There were some _flowers on the table.A)artificial B)unnatural C)false D)unreal(1991.6/44/A)【译文】桌子上有一些假花。9.ashamed a.惭愧(的);羞耻(的)【搭配】be ashamed of 以为是耻辱be ashamed to do sth.以干为耻【考题】He was_ of having asked such a silly question.A)sorry B)guilty C)ashamed D)miserable(1991.6/65/C)【译文】他对自己问了这样一个愚蠢的问题感到很不好意思。10.associate vi.交往n.伙伴，同事【搭配】associate oneself with 加入associate sth.with 把(某事物与其他事物)联系在一起associate with 和来往【考题】A healthy life is frequently thought to be_with the open countryside and homegrown food.A)tied B)bound C)involved D)associated(1996.6/23/D)【译文】人们总是把健康的生活与开阔的乡村和自家种的食物联系在一起。11.available a.可利用的;通用的【考题】Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are_ in grocery stores.A)ready B)approachable C)probable D)available(1997.1/43/D)【译文】经过加工随时可供烹调的方便食品在食杂店可以买到。12.awkward a.笨拙的;尴尬的【考题】The shy girl felt_ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.A)amazed B)awkward C)curious D)amused(1998.6/42/B)【译文】当这个害羞的女孩回答不上来老师的提问时，她感到很窘迫和难受。B13.ban v.禁止In most countries the sale of liquor to children is banned.大多数国家都禁止卖酒给小孩子们。n.禁止，禁令announce a 30-day ban on hunting宣布30天的禁猎令【辨析】ban，forbid 和 prohibit三个词都表示“禁止”，其中ban语气最重，指权威机关正式禁止。 forbid是普通用词，指个人行为。prohibit是正式用词，指用法律或法令来禁止。14.bare a.无遮盖的;空的;仅仅的 a bare hillside 光秃秃的(无树木的)山坡a room bare of furniture 几乎没有家具的房间the bare necessities of life 最起码的生活必需品v.揭露，暴露，揭开，去除的覆盖物bare ones head 脱去帽子bare ones heart 表露真情【全真考题】Although they plant trees in this area every year，the tops of some hills are still .(99.6)A)bare B)vacant C)blank D)hollow答案A15.barely ad.仅仅，只不过，几乎不We barely had time to catch the train.我们仅有勉强赶上火车的时间。【用法】1.barely 用在句首时引起句子倒装。 2.barely 含有否定意义，因此用在反意疑问句中时，句尾的疑问短句要用肯定形式。3.barely.when 结构表示“刚就”，barely 所在的部分要倒装。 4.barely 不与 ever，any 和 at all 连用。【辨析】barely，hardly，rarely 和 scarcely四个词意义相近，都表否定概念，但也有一些差别。rarely 意为“难得，不常”(not often)。Rarely have I seen him smile.hardly 往往强调能力上有困难，意为“简直不，很难”。He can hardly jump over the fence.scarcely 往往强调不足，常同 enough，sufficient，any 等表示程度的词连用，意为“不太，几乎，简直没有”。He has scarcely any money left.barely 与 hardly 和 scarcely 意思相近，意为“几乎，勉强，仅能做到”。但如果后面跟有 ever，any，at all 等词，只能用 hardly 或 scarcely，不能用 barely。16.benefit n.益处;优越性;保险金，救济金Ive had the benefit of a good education.我得益于良好的教育。/the benefits of science科学的优良条件/ unemployment benefits失业保险vi.得益He hasnt benefited from the experience.他并没有从他的经验中受益。vt.使受益This policy benefits the whole city.这个政策使整个城市受益。【用法】benefit 作不及物动词时，其后常接介词 from。17.bore vt.使感到厌烦All his old stories bore me.他所有的老生常谈使我厌烦。n.令人厌烦的事物Dont be such a bore.别这么讨厌。【用法】bore的两种分词形式boring 和 bored：boring 表示主动，指某事物令人厌烦;bored表示被动，指被某事物弄得厌烦。He was bored with his job./Its a boring film.类似的词还有interesting与interested;exciting与 excited等。C18.concentrate v.全神贯注，精神集中，专心致志;集中，集合;浓缩We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education.我们应该集中精力努力改进教育工作。Troops are concentrating south of the river.军队正向河的南边集结。n.浓缩液【用法】concentrate(sth.)on sth./doing sth.【全真考题】Anne couldnt concentrate what she was doing while her family were watching TV.(93.1)A.to B.on C.for D.in【答案】B19.continual adj.继续不断的;一再重复的 continual rain 不停的雨【辨析】continual与continuouscontinual一般指多次重复的动作：Please stop your continual questions.continuous表示动作或物体继续不停地或不间断地进行下去：a continuous flow of traffic【全真考题】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages.(99.1)A.unceasingly B.graduallyC.continuously D.continually【答案】D20.contrary adj.(在性质、倾向或方向等方面)相反的;好与人作对的contrary beliefs 截然相反的信仰He is an awkward，contrary child.他是个又麻烦又不听话的孩子。n.反面【用法】contrary to 违反：be contrary to the law;on the contrary 与此相反：It doesnt seem ugly to me;on the contrary，I think its rather beautiful.【全真考题】What you have done is the doctors orders.(90.1)A.attached to B.responsible toC.resistant to D.contrary to【答案】D21.contributev.捐款，捐助;有助于;投稿 We contributed clothing to the relief of the poor.我们捐赠衣物救济贫民。Hard work contributed to his success.努力工作使他成功。He contributed poems to the magazine.他投诗稿给杂志。【用法】contribute与介词to搭配：contribute(sth.) to【全真考题】Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes the increase of cancers.(94.1)A.towards B.for C.with D.to【答案】D22.critical adj.吹毛求疵的，批评的;决定性的，重要的He is so critical that nobody can please him.他太吹毛求疵，所以没有人能取悦他。We arrived at the critical moment.我们在关键时刻到达。【用法】critical作吹毛求疵的、批评的讲时与介词 of搭配。【全真考题】The director was critical the way we were doing the work.(2000.1)A.at B.in C.of D.with【答案】C大学英语教学大纲中，关于四级词汇的要求是：“领会式掌握4200单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为 2500)以及由这些词构成的常用词组1600条(中学所掌握的单词和词组均包括在内)，并具有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。”大纲中所指的领会式强调对词义的认知，而复用式则强调对这类词的词义辨析、用法以及搭配关系的掌握。因此，以大纲为指导，四级考试中词汇的内容，除了考察对单词的认知外，还测试词义的细微区别、词汇用法和搭配关系。目前考察领会式词汇为73.9%占大部分，复用式占26.1%。在此篇和上期所列重点词汇的四级考题中，bare，concentrate，contribute，continual，critical都以复用式词汇方式来考察。其中，bare和continual考察词义的辨析;concentrate， contribute和critical考察了词的搭配关系。当然，四级试题中词汇的领会与复用也不都是界限分明的，有时在一道题中会既考察认知又考察用法等。D请大家先作完以下的题目，再学习单词，看看效果如何?23.The issue is how to_ of radioactive waste.A.deal B.dispose C.disposal D.do答案与译文B.问题是怎样处理放射性废料。辨析及搭配A.deal(with)处理;应付;做生意。例句：I have dealt with this company for more than a decade.我已经与这家公司做了十多年的生意。B. dispose(of)处理;处置;除掉;去掉。例句：Man proposes，God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天。Dispose of these old newspapers!把这些旧报纸处理掉。C.disposaln.处理;处置。D.do处理;整顿;解决(问题)。24.The trend of brain drain does the developing countries _ degrees of harm.A.diver B.diversify C.diverse D.diversity答案与译文C.人才外流的趋势不同程度伤害着发展中国家。辨析及搭配A.diver n.潜水员。B.diversify v.使多样化。C.diverse adj.不同的。D.diversity n.多样性。此处只能用形容词diverse修饰名词。25.Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly_ him.A.disturbed B.distinguished C.distresses D.disputes答案与译文A.是否能取得文凭极大地扰乱了他的心绪。辨析及搭配A.disturb 扰乱;打扰。B.distinguish(between;from)区分;辨别。C.distress使悲痛;使忧伤。D.dispute 争论;辩论;争执。26.All had to stay in the open space，esp.at night， for the_ of the warning of an earthquake.A.donation B.domination C.destination D.duration答案与译文D.在整个地震警报期间，大家只好(特别是在夜间)待在空旷的地方。辨析及搭配A.donation 捐赠品;捐款。B. domination统治;控制;支配。C.destination 目的地。D.duration期间;持续时间。27.The free market is_ with purchasers and merchants.A.deliberate B.dense C.dependent D.desirable答案与译文B.自由市场上云集买卖双方而一片繁忙。辨析及搭配A.deliberate蓄意的;审慎的。B. dense(with)密集的;浓厚的;繁忙的。C.dependent依靠的;依赖的;以而定。D.desirable值得要的;合心意的;悦人心意的。28.Mr.Smith is used to reading his favorite academic_ over coffee.A.digital B.digest C.digestion D.indigestion答案与译文B.史密斯先生习惯于边喝咖啡边读他最喜欢的学术文摘。辨析及搭配首先排除A.digital adj.数字的;数码的。后面三个是同根词：B.digest v.消化，领悟。n.文摘，摘要。C.digestion n.消化，领悟。D.indigestionn.消化不良。29.Failure is the mother of success，so that hers hasnt_ her，but encouraged her to redouble her exertions instead.A.discharged B.discountedC.discarded D.discouraged答案与译文D.失败乃成功之母。所以她的失败没使她灰心丧气，反而使她加倍努力。辨析及搭配A.discharge v.允许离开;排(放)出。B.discount vt.打断;漠视;认为不值得考虑。C.discard vt.&vi.抛弃;放弃。D.discouragev.使泄气;沮丧;阻拦。30.The chemistry teacher dipped his finger into the mixture_ and took it out of it.A.indirectly B.directly C.dimly D.diplomatically答案与译文B.化学老师把一个指头伸进混合液里，立刻又拿了出来。辨析及搭配A.indirectly 间接地;拐弯抹角地。 B.directly 立即;很快;直接地。C.dimly 微暗地;朦胧地。D.diplomatically 外交上;外交地。31.Any_ in a watch is very delicate.A.device B.devise C.deviancy D.deviation答案与译文A.钟表中的任何装置都非常精巧。辨析及搭配首先排除动词B.devise v.设计;发明。A.device n.装置;设备;方法;计划。C.de- viancy n.反常;背离。D.deviation n.背离;越轨;偏差。32.His disasters were_ to what he had done wrong.A.despite B.in spite of C.down D.due答案与译文D.他遭灾难的原因是曾经干过坏事。辨析及搭配根据句中的to，可否定A和B。 A.despite不管;尽管;不论。直接带短语，例句：Despite the pouring rain，he went to his post as usual.尽管大雨倾盆，他照常去上班。B.in spite of与A同义。In spite of the pouring rain，he went to his post as usual.C. down往下;沿着。D.due to因为;由于而起。例句： Due to his illness he was lying in bed.因为生病，他躺在床上。33.No one can_ any citizens legal right.A.be done with B.draw on C.derive from D.deprive of答案与译文D.谁也不能剥夺公民的合法权利。辨析及搭配A.be done with了结了;完成了。 B.draw on戴(穿)上;吸收;引诱。例句：The jailer drew the prisoner on to tell his story.看守诱导囚犯把事情说出来。C.derive from得来(自);由获得。例句： Anyone can derive a lot of pleasure from making friends.任何人都能从结交朋友中获得许多乐趣。D.deprive of剥夺;夺去。34.The gifted engineer_ a model of the atomic generator.A.dragged B.drafted C.drifted D.dratted答案与译文B.那位天才工程师画了一幅原子发电机草图。辨析及搭配A.drag拖;拉。B.draft起草;草拟。draft a plan of study草拟一份研究计划C.drift漂流;飘荡。D.drat(=damn)例句：Drat it!I forgot my key!见鬼(该死)!我忘了钥匙!35.Mr.Black was in the_，standing there dumbfounded，not knowing what to do.A.dark B.dusk C.dawn D.dam答案与译文A.布莱克先生不知就里，站在那里目瞪口呆，不知怎么办好。辨析及搭配A.dark黑暗，in the dark在黑暗中;不知情;蒙在鼓里。例句：Parents often keep their children in the dark about their presents on New Years Eve.新年前夕，父母亲常常不让孩子们知道他们的礼物。B.dusk薄暮;黄昏：It is hard to see clearly at dusk.黄昏时难看清楚东西。C.dawn黎明;破晓。例句：They take their boat out every day at dawn.他们每天黎明时起航出海。D.dam大坝。36.An unexpected guest_ on us last night.A.decreased B.declined C.descended D.dropped答案与译文C.昨天晚上，一位不速之客突然来到我们家。辨析及搭配A.decrease减少;降低。例句：The number of illiberal people is decreasing gradually.缺乏文化素养的人数在渐渐减少。B.decline下倾;下降;下垂。C.descend下来;下降;突然来访(与upon，on连用)。例句：Amy descended upon us at Christmas.艾米在圣诞节时突然来访。D.drop落下;下降;滴，drop by / in /over /round顺便来访。E37.economic economical 两者都是形容词，但词义不同。economic意为“经济上的”，“经济学的”;而economical意为“节约的”，“节省的”，常用于“be economical of”结构。例如：economic growth经济增长an economical person节俭的人典型考题：Being _ of money，she managed to save enough for a holiday.A.economic B.economical C.economics D.economies答案为B。句意：由于节省，她设法储够了度假的钱。economics经济学，经济情况;economies节约，节省，节俭。38.efficient effective 形容词efficient与effective都表示“有效的”。efficient指“有效率的”，“高效率的”，“有能力的”，常指人;而effective表示“有效的”，“效率好的”，“得力的”，常指政策、措施等。如：a very efficient production manager 一位非常得力的生产经理effective teaching 效果好的教学典型考题：A lawyer needs an_ secretary.A.inefficient B.efficient C.effective D.sufficient答案为B。句意：律师需要一位能干的秘书。inefficient不能胜任的，没有能力的;sufficient充分的，足够的。39.electric electricalelectric与electrical均作形容词用，但前者用来指“用电来驱动的”，“由电产生的”，后者为“与电有关的”。另外electric还可以表示“令人震惊的”。例如：an electric torch(generator)电筒(发电机)an electrical engineer电机工程师典型考题：His speech had an _ effect on the crowd;they all cheered him.A.electric B.electrical C.electronic D.elastic答案为A。句意：他的演说震撼人心，整个人群都向他欢呼。 electronic电子的;elastic有弹性的。40.eminent imminenteminent和imminent都是形容词，词形相似，但词义不同。eminent指“著名的”，“卓越的”，“杰出的”; imminent指“即将发生的”，“迫在眉睫的”。例如：Washington was eminent both as a general and as president.华盛顿作为一位将军和总统，都是出类拔萃的。The black clouds and the lightning show that a storm is imminent.乌云和闪电表明暴风雨即将来临。典型考题：As we know，Churchill was one of the worlds most _statesmen.A.eminent B.imminent C.illicit D.explicable答案为A。句意：众所周知，邱吉尔是世界上最卓越的政治家之一。A与B较易混淆，前者意为“著名的”;后者意为“逼近的”，“即将发生的”。illicit违法的;explicable可解释的，可说明的。41.emotional emotiveemotional与emotive并不同义，却常被混淆。emotional表示“充满感情的”，“易动感情的”，主语多为人;emotive表示“使人激动的”，“令人感动的”之意，主语多为物。如：an emotional person 易动感情的人an emotive speech 令人感动的演讲典型考题：Women are often said to be more_ than men.A.emotions B.motions C.emotional D.emotive答案为C。句意：常常说女人比男人易动感情。emotions是人类精神情感的总称，包括喜、怒、哀、乐等情绪;motions运动，动作。42.enviable enviousenviable表示“值得羡慕的”，多作定语用。如an enviable possession一笔令人羡慕的财产。而envious表示“羡慕的”，“嫉妒的”，常用于短语be envious of(羡慕，嫉妒)。典型考题：Mary would always be _ of her sisters beauty.A.envoy B.various C.enviable D.envious答案为D。句意：玛丽总是嫉妒她妹妹的美丽。envoy使节，公使;various各种各样的，不同的。48.equal equivalentequal与equivalent近义。但equal指在大小、质量、数量、形状、价值等方面相当或相等，常用词组be equal to(等于，和相等)，而equivalent指在意义、重要性等抽象的方面相当或相等。另外，equal可作名词用，表“对手”，“匹敌者”。如：equal pay for equal work 同工同酬His behavior is equivalent to treason.他的行为等于背叛。典型考题：John knows so much about the stars that I am sure it would be impossible to find his _.A.similar B.reflection C.equal D.equivalent答案为C。句意：约翰对星球的知识如此渊博，我可以断定没有人可以与他匹敌。similar类似的，和to连用;reflection倒影，反射。49.exhausting exhaustiveexhausting与exhaustive是同根形容词，但词义差别很大。exhausting意为“使人疲惫不堪的”，“筋疲力尽的”。而exhaustive表示“彻底的”，“无遗漏的”，“广泛的”。如：We had a long and exhausting meeting this morning.今天上午我们开了一个使人疲倦的长会。I dont claim to be exhaustive on this subject.我并不认为自己把这个问题讲透了。典型考题：The professor did _ research before writing the article.A.exhausting B.exhaustive C.exhibited D.executed答案为B。句意：这位教授在写这篇文章之前，做了全面的调查研究。exhibit展览，陈列; execute执行，如execute orders执行命令。F50.facility/f siliti/n.pl.设备，设施便利，容易，方便【考点】facility表示“设备，设施，便利”时通常只用复数。51.faculty/f k lti/n.能力，技能，天赋系，学科，学院全体教员【考点】faculty表示“全体教员”用做主语时，如看做是一个整体，则其谓语用单数形式;如看做是个体，其谓语则用复数形式。52.fade/feid/vi.褪去，褪色逐渐消失，变微弱，变黯淡凋谢，枯萎vt.使褪色【辨析】fade和wither两词都可表示“凋谢”。但前者表示渐渐失去色彩和鲜艳，有时也表示暗淡。后者则指因无活力或不鲜艳而失去生气，可以借喻为“衰老”。53.faithful/fei ful/a.忠诚的，忠实的，忠贞的尽职的，责任心强的如实的，准确可靠的【考点】faithful用做表语时后面的搭配介词是to，即 be faithful to。54.fancy/f nsi/vt.想要，喜欢想象，设想猜想，以为n.爱好，迷恋想象力，幻想力设想，空想，幻想a.昂贵的，高档的别致的，花式的，花俏的【考点】fancy表示“设想，想像”时，后面接动名词作宾语，不可接不定式。fancy和think一样，在句子中常用否定转移，如I dont he will come to our party.常用词组take a fancy to喜欢上，爱上55.farewell/f wel/n.告别，欢送会【辨析】farewell和good-bye两词都表示“再见”，但后者是普通用语，适用于各种告别的场合。前者是正式用语，多用于亲友远离时的告别。56.feasible/fi:z bl/a.可行的，可能的，可用的【全真考题】I suggest we put the scheme into effect，for it is quite_.(CET-6，2000.142)A)eligible B)sustainable C)probable D)feasible【答案】D【注释】A)eligible意为“合适的，合意的”指有资格做某事。B)sustainable意为“支撑得住的，能持续的”。C) probable只表示一种可能性，用在这里不合适。D)fea- sible意为“可行的”。【译文】我建议把计划付诸实施，因为这项计划的确切实可行。57.feature/fi: /n.特征，特色【pl.】面貌，相貌特写，专题节目故事片vt.突出，由主演【全真考题】Apeculiarly pointed chin is his mostmemorable facial_.(CET-4，98.647)A)mark B)feature C)trace D)appearance【答案】B【注释】本题为词汇测试题。一般说来，提到面部特征时常用feature一词，意为“面貌特征”。A)mark符号，记号;C)trace痕迹，踪迹;D)appearance外表，外貌。因此，正确答案为B)feature。【译文】一个特别尖的尖下巴是他最容易被记住的面部特征。58.fierce/fi s/a.凶猛的，残酷的，好斗的狂热的，强烈的猛烈的，激烈的，狂暴的59.file/fail/n.档案，卷宗，文件文件夹，公文柜纵列vt.把(文件)归档把登记备案，提出(申请书等)vi.(for)提出排成纵队行进【常用词组】on file存档【全真考题】Thank you for applying for a position with our firm.We do not have any openings at this time，but we shall keep your application on_ for two months.(CET-6， 97.667)A)pile B)segment C)sequence D)file【答案】D【注释】A)pile意为“堆”。B)segment意为“部分，片段”。C)sequence意为“顺序”。D)file意为“档案”。【译文】感谢你向本公司谋职，目前本公司尚无空缺，但你的申请函我们将存档两个月。60.flesh /fle /n.肉，果肉【the 】肉体【辨析】flesh和meat两词都可表示“肉”，但前者是从生理上讲的肉或肌肉。后者则指供人食用的动物肉(如牛、羊、猪肉)，但一般不包括鱼或家禽的肉。【常用词组】in the flesh本人61.flock/fl k/n.羊群，(鸟、兽等)一群，一伙人一大批，众多，大量vi.群集，聚集，成群【辨析】flock和herd两词都可表示“群”。但后者指较大动物的群，如马群、象群、鲸群等，而前者多指较小动物的群或鸟群，如羊群、雁群、鸭群等。61.flourish/fl :ri ，fl ri /vi.茂盛，繁荣，兴旺vt.挥动(以引起注意)【辨析】flourish，prosper和thrive三词都可表示“繁荣、兴旺”，其中flourish指健康地成长发展或处于发展的高峰;prosper则指人的成功或企业金融上的昌盛; thrive主要指生长得健壮，引申为繁荣。 62.folk/f ulk /n.【pl.】亲属，父母人们【pl.】大伙儿，各位a.民间的，普通平民的【考点】folk是集合名词，无论单复数形式都不指一个人，总是复数的概念。指自己家里人时多用folks，泛指人们时多用people。63.forbid/f bid /vt.不许，禁止【考点】forbid只能作及物动词。forbid sb.to do sth.表示“禁止某人做某事”。forbid doing sth.表示“禁止做某事”。forbid sb.wine表示“禁止某人饮酒”。64.forecast/f ka:st/n./vt.预测，预报【辨析】forecast，foretell和predict三词都表示“预言”，其中predict较为正式，指根据已知事实或自然规律来推断未来的事情，带有科学准确的意味;forecast与 predict近义，指对一般或特殊事件的预测，现主要用于预报天气;foretell是普通用词，着重指对未来事件的预见而不注重其准确与否及有无根据。65.former/f m /a.在前的，以前的，旧时的