新标准大学英语综合教程4unit7答案.pdf

No place like home Unit 7 Unit overview Unit key featuresOrganizing suggestions Passage 1 Golden Memories Passage 2 Home Thoughts Passage 1 is a first-person narrative which relates history of a house against the background of recent British history. Passage 2 is an essay from an American perspective on the home and how it is being changed, possibly in undesirable ways, by modern life. Passage 1 is not particularly demanding and has its cute side. Some of the details may need explanation as they are culturally strange. Passage 2 is more abstract and philosophical and likely to cause some initial trouble until the main point is understood. Reading skills Humanizing the non-human Rhetorical questions Understanding inversion Let Ss enjoy the surprise of realizing the narrator is actually a house. Let Ss enjoy practicing similar unusual choices of narrator. For the rhetorical questions there are plenty of examples in the passage to make the notion clear. Speaking skills Expressing associations Exploiting a word to the full home Gathering opinions and expressing the results as generalizations Ask Ss to report on their pair work to ensure they understand the tasks properly. Ask individuals to replace the teacher and lead activities. Writing skills and tasks Guided writing: Making generalizations Unit task: Doing a survey on an ideal home Time for research out of class will need to be given. Try to find somewhere to display good written work. Cognitive skills Discerning the attitudes of others and understanding ones own Handling emotion-laden terms Guide Ss to see how different attitudes to homes among cultures and individuals reflect underlying views of life. Reading across cultures A roof over your head The passage tells the housing issues in Britain and housing benefits available to ordinary people. People tend to assume the way they do things and look at life are universal. This section as usual gives a chance to see alternative approaches. Unit 7 No place like home 236 Teaching suggestions and answer keys Starting point Teaching tips Go round the class with each student saying a two or three sentences about his / her first home. Work in pairs. Read the quote and discuss the possible interpretations. The principle was that no one could enter a mans home unless invited in. Of course, the authorities could always issue a warrant and this did not mean one could break the law, but officials could not just come in. The third statement is true as long as reasonable minimum force is used. The fifth is less and less true as, for example, the rights of children are enforced and laws prevent cruelty to children. Active reading (1) 1 Work in pairs and answer the questions about your family home. 1 Are you the first family to live in your family home? Oh no. It is an old building. I think a few families must have lived there over the years. 2 How many other families live in the same building? There is one on each floor so five in total. 3 How old is the building? Its only more than 20 years old now. 4 When was it built? It was built in the late 1980s. 5 What is it made of? The main material is concrete and bricks. 6 What important events in the neighbourhood or region have happened during its lifetime? We had a street party when Yang Liwei went into space in 2003. That was a big occasion. 2 Look at some sentences from the passage. Who do you think says these? The statements are made by the house. (Students should be able to realize that it is not a person speaking when they read Sentences 2 and 3.) Golden memories Background information The passage is written imaginatively as the memories of a house. Using unusual narrators such as houses, cars, pets and so on is frequently a feature of childrens books. The passage covers a period from the end of the 19th century to the present. No place like home Unit 7 237 Language points 1 On these days, the groundsman and his family used to dress smartly and leave the house for several hours. (Para 6) On these days, the groundsman and his family used to wear their Sunday best (smartest clothes) and go to church on Sunday when the church bells ring. 2 My floorboards creak, and ghosts make strange noises throughout the night. There are signs of everyone who has lived with me (Para 14) The house is now old and its woodwork creaks and groans- something which is particularly noticeable in the silence of the night. 3 and someone has sprayed some words on the stonework at the side of the house. (Para 15) After Josephs death the house is unoccupied and attracts teenagers who spray graffiti (eg Tony loves Helen / Man Utd Forever) on the walls. Reading and understanding 3 Choose the best summary of the passage. 2 The passage is the story of a home, the people who lived there and how life has changed over the years, as narrated by the house itself. 4 Choose the best answer to the questions. 1 Why does the narrator never see his neighbour face on? (a) Because he cant really see. (b) Because the neighbour is a long way away. (c) Because the narrator and the neighbour are joined in a line. (d) Because the morning sun shines on the narrator instead of the neighbour. 2 What was the main effect of the arrival of the young woman in the groundsmans home? (a) She brought companionship, a family and happiness into the home. (b) The children grew older and taller in the home. (c) The groundsman didnt have to work so much in the manor house gardens. (d) The home became very noisy. 3 Why do you think the couple was holding each other and weeping? (a) Because the couple was growing older. (b) Because the children had grown up and disappeared. (c) Because the daughter had got married. (d) Because the postman had brought bad news about the son. 4 How does the narrator feel generally about the years passing? (a) He regrets the people, the new buildings and the traffic. (b) He thinks the neighbouring houses are ugly. (c) He is nostalgic about the past, although he enjoys some of the benefits of progress. (d) He wishes people would spend more time at home. Unit 7 No place like home 238 5 How do we know the narrator is getting old? (a) No one is looking after the narrator properly. (b) The narrator has lots of golden memories. (c) There are strange sounds and signs of people who have lived there in the past. (d) The neighbourhood isnt what it used to be. 6 What do you think is going to happen to the house? (a) Another family will come and live there. (b) The traffic around it will get worse. (c) Its going to be pulled down. (d) The workmen are going to use it as a workplace. Dealing with unfamiliar words 5 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 a small house built on land belonging to a large house (lodge) 2 to provide furniture (furnish) 3 feeling rough and hard (coarse) 4 to put a piece of equipment somewhere and make it ready for use (install) 5 to build something by putting parts together (assemble) 6 a group of workers who do physical work (gang) 7 a machine or piece of equipment that does a particular thing (device) 8 a machine or a piece of equipment you have in your home (appliance) 6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. When the (1) gang of workmen arrived, the (2) lodge was in a poor state of repair. They began by (3) installing electricity and then (4) assembled the various pieces of a modern kitchen with all the best (5) appliances such as a washing machine and refrigerator. The walls were rather (6) coarse after years of neglect, so they used a(n) (7) device to make them smooth again. Finally, they (8) furnished it with tables, chairs, sofas and beds, until the house was as comfortable as it used to be. 7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. 1 The two buildings looked exactly the same from the outside, but were very different inside. (identical) 2 When spring arrives the garden is full of flowers on the trees. (blossoms) 3 The postman used to bring the mail in a large group of things tied together, but these days, we only get the occasional letter. (bundle) 4 She felt suddenly unconscious for a short time when she heard the dreadful news. (fainted) 5 At the place where two or more roads meet, there are often queues of traffic. (crossroad) 6 I sometimes feel unhappy and angry at the noise and traffic, but most of the time I ignore them. (resent) 7 When you leave apples on the ground, they are gradually destroyed by a natural process, and cant be collected and stored. (decay) 8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 Is a clearing likely to be (a) an area of woodland, or (b) an area in a wood where there are no trees? No place like home Unit 7 239 2 If something gleams, is it likely to be (a) bright, or (b) dull light? 3 Is a riot of colours likely to be (a) just one or two, or (b) lots of different colours? 4 If a child gurgles happily, is this likely to be (a) a low, or (b) a high-pitched sound? 5 Is a metallic sound likely to be made by (a) something metal, or (b) wooden? 6 If a dog howls, does it make (a) a long, loud sound, or (b) a weak, high sound? 7 Is a creak likely to be a sound made by (a) something new, or (b) something old? 8 If a gate has fallen off its hinges, is it likely to (a) open and shut normally, or (b) stay open? Reading and interpreting 9 Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions. 1 . I do know that strangely, although were identical, were the exact opposite of each other . Why are the house and its neighbour identical yet the exact opposite of each other? sort of works for some of the information- though I have never seen such an arrangement. But the preposition over will not work, and surely there are two bedrooms or what is the other room? We know it is not a bathroom- and if there are two bedrooms, how can you say the room arrangement is the opposite as in both cases there are two bedrooms? 2 Soon there were children to look after too . In what way does the house look after the children? The house provides shelter and keeps them warm and dry. 3 I thought they looked rather coarse against my handsome stone. Does the house like the new brick houses being built? Why / Why not? No, he does not think brick is as fine a material as stone. The word coarse is negative in connotation. 4 But we were all warm and clean, and although it was different, it wasnt unpleasant. What does the house feel about progress? Fairly positive although a little nervous. 5 My floorboards creak, and ghosts make strange noises throughout the night. If the house were a human, what would creaking floorboards and ghosts suggest? Old age with stiff muscles and many memories. 6 Round the bend comes a large crane with a kind of ball and chain. I do hope it will go away. What do you think the crane is coming to do? Do you think it will go away? Balls are used to smash down walls so it sounds as if the building will be demolished rather than repaired. If so, the crane will not go away. Developing critical thinking 10 Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 If your house could tell its story, what would it say? My house would tell you about its grand days when a rich family lived in it, followed by hard days with many people coming and going. Then things would improve but it would be rather crowded. More recently it would remember being repaired with new appliances being fitted. Now the families are smaller. It would remember me as a sweet child too! Unit 7 No place like home 240 2 Would you prefer to live in an old building or a new one, and why? A new one as it is likely to be more comfortable. I also like living high up so I can get a good view. I think I prefer old buildings. They have more character, and I think many were better built in the old days. 3 Do you think old houses should be saved and restored, or should they be pulled down and the land used to provide homes for more families? We dont want everywhere to look the same. Old buildings make a place more interesting. A town exists in time as well as space. We must be practical. High-rise buildings can house far more people. Old houses waste land. 4 To what extent do you think old buildings are part of the local or national heritage, or are they symbols of an unnecessary and sentimental attachment to the past? I think to try to protect all old buildings just because they are old would be, as the question says, “an unnecessary and sentimental attachment to the past”. But if the buildings are of a high quality they are part of our heritage. Chinese culture is too old and valuable for us simply to forget the past. Talking point Discuss what you associate with home. Many thing: my parents, my childhood, my toys, noise and fun, the smell of cooking, Dad reading the newspaper, the view of the park our fish tank, birds singing in the early morning. Active reading (2) 1 Work in pairs. Look at the statements and discuss which ones you agree with. 1 Its the people who make the home desirable as much as the place itself Yes, the place is special because of the memories of our family members. The same rooms would mean nothing if they belonged to someone else. 2 we have conquered and now dominate our planet I guess it is largely true of the surface. There are not many wild places left. The sea still has secrets. The air is full of planes. We have not gone under the surface much perhaps one day we will get energy from the Earths core. 3 we recognize a streak of individualism in ourselves, a consciousness of difference, of our own uniqueness. Looking round the classroom I can see we all have a lot in common but each person also has their own strengths and weaknesses and slightly different personality. Perhaps we are made from the same ingredients but in different quantities. 4 womens traditional roles have been swept away It seems like that at times when you see business women and women engineers, but then at other times you feel not much has changed. Most men expect the women in their lives to do the washing and cooking and of course that is even truer outside the cities. No place like home Unit 7 241 5 the home in its traditional sense cannot exist without the assumption that there is someone, man or woman, who takes responsibility for maintaining it on a daily basis. No, I do not think that is true. The world changes. Modern families may bring dinner in from outside rather than spend a lot of time cooking, but the important thing is that a family share their meal together and care for one another. 6 But today everywhere in the world which is habitable contains homes, and the choices of moving elsewhere have become limited. I agree there are fewer empty spaces especially in a country with as large a population as Chinas, but it is also true that we can travel far more easily. Two hundred years ago moving from Fujian to Sichuan would have been impossible for most people but is easy now. We have lost some opportunities and gained others. 7 It will require great wisdom and inordinate care to ensure that people remain safe and satisfied in their homes. Changes in the way we live do put strains on families. Maybe the experience of two or three people living together in a concrete box high above the ground will not be as satisfying as large families of three or four generations all living together in large compounds. We may need to pay more attention to lifestyle issues. Home thoughts Background information The passage reflects the American experience. European settlement of North America began on the east coast and for over 200 years it was possible for settlers in North America if they were not happy with their surroundings or if their land was exhausted, to simply move on westwards and start a new home on the sparsely populated lands of the interior and west (from which the Native Americans were gradually pushed). Once the Pacific had been reached and the population had grown greatly this freedom ceased to be possible. In addition to the writers feeling that the world is now tamed and populated, he is concerned about the dramatic changes in the American family with more teenage pregnancies and high divorce rates resulting in large numbers of single-parent families. The poem, later turned into a popular song, is from the 1870s. It is the state song of Kansas, one of the Western states settled by immigrants in the mid 19th century. The song celebrates the beauty of nature in the unsettled West and the freedom from authority. Culture points Wild West We say the West is wild because it was largely unpopulated, because it was dangerous (the Native tribes naturally objected to the arrival of the settlers) and because government and law and order only followed the settlers slowly. The West was a moving concept settlers moved in from the east, paused, settled the land and then set off another wave moving westwards. Eventually the Pacific was reached and there was no more Wild West. Department of Homeland Security is a US Government Department established in 2003 to protect the country from terrorism and to respond to natural disasters. Homeland was not a common word up to that Unit 7 No place like home 242 point and it was presumably chosen for its positive connotations. Family structure In Western societies, particularly in the English-speaking / Anglo-Saxon world, families have become smaller and smaller. The basic nuclear family of parents and one or two children means when both parents work children spend a lot of time at home alone, and that the parents are alone when old as their children will have formed their own small families. Changes to marriage customs threaten to make the situation even more extreme with families of only one adult and one or two children. Language points 1 Home is where we hunker down Its an inward-looking place, where we should feel safe. (Para 5) Whe