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1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 适用于有争议性的主题. 例如(e.g) 1. When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that . But I think/view a bit differently. 2. When it comes to . , some people bielive that . Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter .) 3. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that . They claim/ believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether. 1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 . e.g 1. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) . has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern. 2. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention) 3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly. - To be continued ! 1-3 观点法 -开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法. e.g: 1. Never history has the change of . been as evident as . Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of . benn more visible/popular than. 2. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that. 3. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to.Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of . 4. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that. 1-4 引用法 - 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点! e.g 1. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) . has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern. 2. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention) 3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly. - To be continued ! 1-3 观点法 -开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法. e.g: 1. Never history has the change of . been as evident as . Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of . benn more visible/popular than. 2. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that. 3. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to.Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of . 4. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that. 1-4 引用法 - 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点! e.g: 1. Knowledge is power. such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people . Education is not complete with gradulation. Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion. 2. How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this . In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this . 1-5 比较法 - 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点. e.g: 1. For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing . , people . . 2. People used to think that . (In the past, .) But people now share this new. 1-6 故事法 - 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题. e.g: 1. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt . The phenemenon of . has aroused public concern. 2. I have a friend who . Should he . ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life. 3. Once upon a time , there lived a man who . This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now. 1-8 问题法 - 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题. e.g: Should/What . ? Options of . vary greatly , some ., others . But in my opinion , . . Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型 原因结果分析 3-1-1. 基本原因 - 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因. e.g: 1. Why . ? For one thing. For another . 2. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing. For another. Still another . 3. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect . /both individual and social contribute to . 3-1-2 另一原因 - 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用! e.g: 1. Another important factor is . 2. . is also responsible for the change/problem. 3. Certainly , the . is not the sole reason for . 3-1-3 后果影响 - 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 . e.g: 1. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on. 2. In involves some serious consequence for . 比较对照句型 3-2-1. 两者比较 - 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 ! e.g: 1. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B. 2. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B. 3. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects. 3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 - 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用! e.g: 1. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that. 2. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B. Chapter Three 文章结尾形式 2-1 结论性- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 . e.g: 1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that . 2. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable . 2-2 后果性- 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果. e.g: 1. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of . , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of . 2. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that . will be put in danger. 2-3 号召性 - 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意. e.g: 1. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of . 2. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency. 2-4 建议性 - 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法. e.g: 1. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is . Another method is . Still another one is . 2. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation. 2-5 方向性的结尾方式 - 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景. e.g: 1. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way . 2. There is no quick method to the issue of ., but . might be helpful/benefical. 3. The great challenge today is . There is much difficulty , but . 2-6 意义性的结尾方式 - 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义! e.g: 1. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit . 2. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly . 一、引出开头1:It is well-known to us that(我们都知道)=As far as my knowledge is concerned, ( 就我所知)2:Recently the problem of has been brought into focus. =Nowadays there is a growing concern over (最近问题引起了关注)3:Nowadays(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.(现今,人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题)4:Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.(互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色,它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题)5:With the rapid development of science and technology,more and more people believe that(随着科技的迅速发展,越来越多的人认为)6:It is a common belief that=It is commonly believed that(人们一般认为)7:A lot of people seem to think that(很多人似乎认为)8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子(全世界都知道.)二、表达不同观点1:Peoples views onvary from person to person. Some hold thatHowever, others believe that(人们对的观点因人而异,有些人认为然而其他人却认为)2:People may have different opinions on(人们对可能会持有不同见解) 3:Attitudes towards (drugs)vary from person to person.=Different people hold different attitudes towards(failure)(人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异)4:There are different opinions among people as to(对于人们的观点大不相同)三、表示结尾1:In short, it can be said that(总之,他的意思是)2:From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that(从上面提到的,我们可以得出结论)3:Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that(把所有的这些因素加以考虑,我们自然可以得出结论)4:Hence/Therefore, wed better come to the conclusion that(因此,我们最好的出这样的结论)5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.(毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点)6:All in all, we cannot live without,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.(总之,我们没有无法生活,但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题)四、提出建议1:It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).(该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了)2:There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of(毫无疑问,对问题应予以足够重视)3:Obviously ,if we want to do something it is essential that(显然,如果我们想要做么事,很重要的是)4:Only in this way can we (只有这样,我们才能)5:Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)五、预示后果1:Obviously,if we dont control the problem, the chances are thatwill lead us in danger.(很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险)2:No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that (毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,否则我们很可能会)3:It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation(很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展)六、表示论证1:From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来,支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)2:I cannot entirely agree with the idea that(我无法完全同意这一观点)3:As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,(就我来说)4:I sincerely believe that=I am greatly convinced (that)子句.(我真诚地相信)5:Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why (最后,坦率地说,还有另外一个实际的原因)七、给出原因1:The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子 (.的原因是.) 2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons .First,.Second,.Third,。这一现象存在有很多原因的,第一第二第三3:For one thing, For another thing, =On the one hand,On the other hand一方面另一方面4:I quite agree with the statement thatThe reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述,即。其主要原因如下。八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法1:The best way to solve the troubles is解决这些麻烦的最好办法是2:As far as something is concerned,就某事而言,3;It is obvious that很显然4:It may be true thatbut it doesnt mean that可能是对的,但这并不意味着5;It is natural to believe thatbut we shouldnt ignore that认为是自然的,但我们不应忽视6:There is no evidence to suggest that没有证据表明九、表示好处和坏处1:It has the following advantages.它有如下优势2:It is beneficial/harmful to us.=It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处 3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处十、表示重要、方便、可能1:It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.对于某人做是2:It plays an important role in our life.十一、采取措施1:We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取有效措施2:We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难3:We should do our utmost in

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